微表情训练工具(METT)训练效果的提升
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摘要
微表情识别技术在司法、商务、医疗和教育等领域有较高的应用价值。用中文汉化版METT对307名警校大学生进行训练与测试,考察提示关系、强化学习和激发动机这三种教学策略是否能提高微表情训练的效果。结果发现,使用中文训练界面不存在训练效果的性别差异,学习成绩与微表情识别能力的提升没有明显相关,实施提示关系、强化训练和激发动机等教学策略能提高METT的训练效果。
Micro expressions identification technology is of high application value in the fields such as justice,business, medical treatment and education. Use is made of Chinese version of METT to conduct training and test on307 students in police colleges in an effort to investigate that whether the three teaching strategies of prompt relationship, intensive learning and inspirational motivation can contribute to promotion of training effects of micro expressions training. The result suggests no sex differences in training effects when using the Chinese training interface, no significant correlation between academic record and micro expressions identification ability, but promotion of training effects of micro expressions training resulting from implementation of the three teaching strategies of prompt relationship, intensive learning and inspirational motivationcan.
Micro expressions identification technology is of high application value in the fields such as justice,business, medical treatment and education. Use is made of Chinese version of METT to conduct training and test on307 students in police colleges in an effort to investigate that whether the three teaching strategies of prompt relationship, intensive learning and inspirational motivation can contribute to promotion of training effects of micro expressions training. The result suggests no sex differences in training effects when using the Chinese training interface, no significant correlation between academic record and micro expressions identification ability, but promotion of training effects of micro expressions training resulting from implementation of the three teaching strategies of prompt relationship, intensive learning and inspirational motivationcan.
引文
[1]Ekman.Darwin,deception,and facial expression.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences[J].New York University Press,2003:205-221.
[2]Ekman.Lie catching and microexpressions[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,2009:118-133.
[3]Ekman,P,Sullivan,M.O..From flawed self-assessment to blatant whoppers:The utility of voluntary and involuntary behavior in detecting deception[J].Behavior Science and the Law,2006(24):673-686.
[4]殷明,等.微表情的特征、识别、训练和影响因素[J].心理科学进展,2016(11):1723-1736.
[5]Fellner,A.,Matthews,G.,Funke,G.J.,Emo,A.K.,Pérez-González,J.C.,Zeidner,M.Roberts,R.D.The effects of emotional intelligence on visual search of emotional stimuli and emotion identification[J].Human Factors&Ergonomics Society Meeting,2007,51(14):845-849.
[6]Carolyn,Hurley.Do you see what I see?Learning to detect micro expressions of emotion[J].Motiv Emot,2012(36):371-381.
[7]吴奇,申寻兵,傅小兰.微表情研究及其应用[J].心理科学进展,2010(9).
[8]贺春荣.情绪情境与训练因素对微表情识别能力影响的研究[D].太原:山西医科大学,2012:1-48.
[9]闫冬阳.视听刺激与学习策略对微表情识别能力影响的研究[D].太原:山西医科大学,2013:1-73.
[10]朱庆宏,谢威士,盛婷雯.微表情训练工具(METT)对中国被试的有效性研究[J].心理技术与应用,2015(1):12-15.
[11]冯忠良,等.教育心理学(第2版)[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2010:279.
[12]黄希庭.心理学导论[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1991:376.
[13]陈琦,刘儒德.教育心理学(第2版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2015:209-210.
(1)人类主要拥有至少7种表情:(1)高兴,人在高兴时会有这样的面部动作:嘴角翘起,面颊抬起皱纹,眼睑收缩,眼睛尾部会出现“鱼尾纹”。(2)伤心,特征包括眯眼,眉毛收紧,嘴角呈下拉状态,下巴会抬起或收紧。(3)恐惧,害怕时,嘴巴和眼睛张开,眉毛上扬,鼻孔张大。(4)愤怒,眉毛下垂,前额紧皱,眼睑和嘴唇紧张。(5)厌恶,面部动作包括嗤鼻,上嘴唇上抬,眉毛下垂,眯眼。(6)惊讶,下颚下垂,嘴唇放松,眼睛张大,眼睑和眉毛微微抬起。(7)轻蔑,显著特征就是嘴角一侧抬起,作讥笑或得意笑状。每种表情传递着具有特定含义的人类情绪,并且这些表情具有跨文化的一致性,是人类普遍拥有的基本表情。微表情是一种转瞬即逝的表情,一般持续时间只有1/25秒到1/2秒。在高威胁和高压力的情境下,当人们试图隐藏自己的真实情感时正常的表情将会缩短为微表情,但真实表情的流露不太可能完全被抑制,自我意识的控制只能缩短情绪表露时间和减少表露的面部区域。因为,这7种人类基本情绪的识别和表露是一种强烈的、固有的、先天的本能,这种本能(由边缘系统等部分的“哺乳动物脑”控制)出现在人类进化史上的时间远远早于控制和伪装情绪的大脑皮层(“灵长动物脑”)的形成。
[2]Ekman.Lie catching and microexpressions[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,2009:118-133.
[3]Ekman,P,Sullivan,M.O..From flawed self-assessment to blatant whoppers:The utility of voluntary and involuntary behavior in detecting deception[J].Behavior Science and the Law,2006(24):673-686.
[4]殷明,等.微表情的特征、识别、训练和影响因素[J].心理科学进展,2016(11):1723-1736.
[5]Fellner,A.,Matthews,G.,Funke,G.J.,Emo,A.K.,Pérez-González,J.C.,Zeidner,M.Roberts,R.D.The effects of emotional intelligence on visual search of emotional stimuli and emotion identification[J].Human Factors&Ergonomics Society Meeting,2007,51(14):845-849.
[6]Carolyn,Hurley.Do you see what I see?Learning to detect micro expressions of emotion[J].Motiv Emot,2012(36):371-381.
[7]吴奇,申寻兵,傅小兰.微表情研究及其应用[J].心理科学进展,2010(9).
[8]贺春荣.情绪情境与训练因素对微表情识别能力影响的研究[D].太原:山西医科大学,2012:1-48.
[9]闫冬阳.视听刺激与学习策略对微表情识别能力影响的研究[D].太原:山西医科大学,2013:1-73.
[10]朱庆宏,谢威士,盛婷雯.微表情训练工具(METT)对中国被试的有效性研究[J].心理技术与应用,2015(1):12-15.
[11]冯忠良,等.教育心理学(第2版)[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2010:279.
[12]黄希庭.心理学导论[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1991:376.
[13]陈琦,刘儒德.教育心理学(第2版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2015:209-210.
(1)人类主要拥有至少7种表情:(1)高兴,人在高兴时会有这样的面部动作:嘴角翘起,面颊抬起皱纹,眼睑收缩,眼睛尾部会出现“鱼尾纹”。(2)伤心,特征包括眯眼,眉毛收紧,嘴角呈下拉状态,下巴会抬起或收紧。(3)恐惧,害怕时,嘴巴和眼睛张开,眉毛上扬,鼻孔张大。(4)愤怒,眉毛下垂,前额紧皱,眼睑和嘴唇紧张。(5)厌恶,面部动作包括嗤鼻,上嘴唇上抬,眉毛下垂,眯眼。(6)惊讶,下颚下垂,嘴唇放松,眼睛张大,眼睑和眉毛微微抬起。(7)轻蔑,显著特征就是嘴角一侧抬起,作讥笑或得意笑状。每种表情传递着具有特定含义的人类情绪,并且这些表情具有跨文化的一致性,是人类普遍拥有的基本表情。微表情是一种转瞬即逝的表情,一般持续时间只有1/25秒到1/2秒。在高威胁和高压力的情境下,当人们试图隐藏自己的真实情感时正常的表情将会缩短为微表情,但真实表情的流露不太可能完全被抑制,自我意识的控制只能缩短情绪表露时间和减少表露的面部区域。因为,这7种人类基本情绪的识别和表露是一种强烈的、固有的、先天的本能,这种本能(由边缘系统等部分的“哺乳动物脑”控制)出现在人类进化史上的时间远远早于控制和伪装情绪的大脑皮层(“灵长动物脑”)的形成。