山东临淄山王村汉代兵马俑坑发掘简报
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摘要
2007年冬,淄博市临淄区山王村在基本建设过程中发现5座汉代墓葬和1座大型兵马俑坑。俑坑由两个南北向长方形竖穴坑和中间过道组成,南北总长15.3米,坑底最深处5.4米。坑内放置陶俑及车马、兵器、乐器、动物、家禽、阙楼、大门、楼房、粮仓、厨房等模型共500余件套。从出土的戴风帽式头盔的骑兵俑和跪坐俑的特征来看,这批兵马俑的年代应接近并晚于徐州狮子山西汉兵马俑。这一俑坑可能为汉武帝之子怀王刘闳的陪葬坑。
In spring 2008, five tombs and a large-scaled terracotta army pit of the Han Dynasty were discovered during a reconstruction project at Shanwang Village in Linzi District, Zibo City. The pit consists of two rectangular vertical earthen pits oriented north-south linked by a passage in the middle. The overall length of the pit is 15.3 m from north to south, and 5.4 m at its deepest part. A total of more than 500 pieces/sets of pottery artifacts were placed in the pit, including pottery figurines, chariots and horses, weapons, musical instruments, domesticated animals, poultry, que-gate towers, gates, buildings, a barn, a kitchen and other funerary replicas. Judging from the stylistic characteristics of the cavalry figurines with hooded helmets and the kneeling figurines unearthed, the date of the terracotta army should be close to or later than that of the terracotta army of the Western Han Dynasty at Shizi Hill in Xuzhou City. This pit may be a grave goods pit for Liu Hong, Prince Huai of Qi, the son of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
In spring 2008, five tombs and a large-scaled terracotta army pit of the Han Dynasty were discovered during a reconstruction project at Shanwang Village in Linzi District, Zibo City. The pit consists of two rectangular vertical earthen pits oriented north-south linked by a passage in the middle. The overall length of the pit is 15.3 m from north to south, and 5.4 m at its deepest part. A total of more than 500 pieces/sets of pottery artifacts were placed in the pit, including pottery figurines, chariots and horses, weapons, musical instruments, domesticated animals, poultry, que-gate towers, gates, buildings, a barn, a kitchen and other funerary replicas. Judging from the stylistic characteristics of the cavalry figurines with hooded helmets and the kneeling figurines unearthed, the date of the terracotta army should be close to or later than that of the terracotta army of the Western Han Dynasty at Shizi Hill in Xuzhou City. This pit may be a grave goods pit for Liu Hong, Prince Huai of Qi, the son of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
引文
[1]山东省文物考古研究所《中国临淄文物考古遥感影像图集》,山东省地图出版社,2000年。
[2]陕西省文物管理委员会等《陕西省咸阳市杨家湾出土大批西汉彩绘陶俑》,《文物》1966年第3期;陕西省文管会等《咸阳杨家湾汉墓发掘简报》,《文物》1977年第10期。
[3]徐州博物馆《徐州狮子山兵马俑坑第一次发掘简报》,《文物》1986年第12期。
[4]武玮《黄河中下游地区汉至西晋模型明器研究》,郑州大学博士学位论文,2012年。
[5]《史记·三王世家》,第2115页,中华书局,1959年。
[6]陕西省文管会等《咸阳杨家湾汉墓发掘简报》,《文物》1977年第10期。
[7]陕西省考古研究所汉陵考古队《汉景帝阳陵南区从葬坑发掘第一号简报》,《文物》1992年第4期;陕西省考古研究所汉陵考古队《汉景帝阳陵南区从葬坑发掘第二号简报》,《文物》1994年第6期。
[8]同[3]。
[9]山东省文物考古研究所《章丘市危山汉代陪葬坑》,《中国考古学年鉴》文物出版社,2003年。
[10]崔圣宽、郝导华《青州市香山汉墓陪葬坑》,《中国考古学年鉴》,文物出版社,2008年。
[11]王守功《危山汉墓——第五处用车马俑陪葬的王陵》,《文物天地》2004年第2期。
[2]陕西省文物管理委员会等《陕西省咸阳市杨家湾出土大批西汉彩绘陶俑》,《文物》1966年第3期;陕西省文管会等《咸阳杨家湾汉墓发掘简报》,《文物》1977年第10期。
[3]徐州博物馆《徐州狮子山兵马俑坑第一次发掘简报》,《文物》1986年第12期。
[4]武玮《黄河中下游地区汉至西晋模型明器研究》,郑州大学博士学位论文,2012年。
[5]《史记·三王世家》,第2115页,中华书局,1959年。
[6]陕西省文管会等《咸阳杨家湾汉墓发掘简报》,《文物》1977年第10期。
[7]陕西省考古研究所汉陵考古队《汉景帝阳陵南区从葬坑发掘第一号简报》,《文物》1992年第4期;陕西省考古研究所汉陵考古队《汉景帝阳陵南区从葬坑发掘第二号简报》,《文物》1994年第6期。
[8]同[3]。
[9]山东省文物考古研究所《章丘市危山汉代陪葬坑》,《中国考古学年鉴》文物出版社,2003年。
[10]崔圣宽、郝导华《青州市香山汉墓陪葬坑》,《中国考古学年鉴》,文物出版社,2008年。
[11]王守功《危山汉墓——第五处用车马俑陪葬的王陵》,《文物天地》2004年第2期。