考虑多时段量测数据随机误差的变压器正序参数辨识与评估方法
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摘要
变压器离线参数已难以满足日益增长的电网安全、稳定分析计算需求。而在线参数的准确获取依赖于对量测数据随机误差的有效处理和变压器参数辨识结果的合理评估。基于变压器多时段同步相量测量单元(phasormeasurement unit,PMU)量测数据,首先通过在线辨识和查表修正相结合的方式求取准确变比参数,同时根据功率匹配分析法和箱形图数据筛选策略对PMU数据进行质量分析和异常值排除。在此基础上采用最小二乘法对电抗参数进行辨识,最后依据矩阵范数的相容性定理推导出相对误差率因子对结果准确度进行定量评估、优选。对某区域电网潮流模拟和实际PMU数据的算例测试验证了文中算法的有效性和实用性。
Off-line parameters of transformers are difficult to meet growing demand for grid safety and stability analysis. Accurate acquisition of online parameters depends on effective processing of random error of measurement data and reasonable evaluation of transformer parameter identification results. Based on the multi-period PMU measurement data of transformers, accurate ratio parameters are obtained through combination of on-line identification and look-up table correction. At the same time, the PMU data quality is analyzed and the outliers are excluded according to power matching analysis method and boxplot method. Based on this, the least square method is used to identify reactance parameters. Finally, based on the compatibility theorem of matrix norm, the relative error rate factor is derived to evaluate and optimize accuracy of the results quantitatively. A numerical case study of power flow simulation data and actual PMU data of a regional power grid verifies effectiveness and practicability of the proposed algorithm.
Off-line parameters of transformers are difficult to meet growing demand for grid safety and stability analysis. Accurate acquisition of online parameters depends on effective processing of random error of measurement data and reasonable evaluation of transformer parameter identification results. Based on the multi-period PMU measurement data of transformers, accurate ratio parameters are obtained through combination of on-line identification and look-up table correction. At the same time, the PMU data quality is analyzed and the outliers are excluded according to power matching analysis method and boxplot method. Based on this, the least square method is used to identify reactance parameters. Finally, based on the compatibility theorem of matrix norm, the relative error rate factor is derived to evaluate and optimize accuracy of the results quantitatively. A numerical case study of power flow simulation data and actual PMU data of a regional power grid verifies effectiveness and practicability of the proposed algorithm.
引文
¨/?[1]李钦,项凤雏,颜伟,等.基于SCADA及PMU多时段量测信息的独立线路参数估计方法[J].电网技术,2011,35(2):105-109.Li Qin,Xiang Fengchu,Lu Jiangang,et al.An approach to estimate parameters of single transmission line based on multi-interval information measured by SCADA and phasor measurement units[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(2):105-109(in Chinese).
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[18]Li Changgang,Zhang Yaping,Zhang Hengxu,et al.Measurementbased transmission line parameter estimation with adaptive data selection scheme[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2017,PP(99):1-1.
[19]陈晓刚,易永辉,江全元,等.基于WAMS/SCADA混合量测的电网参数辨识与估计[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(5):1-5.Chen Xiaogang,Yi Yonghui,Jiang Quanyuan,et al.Network parameter identification and estimation based on hybrid measurement of WAMS/SCADA[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(5):1-5(in Chinese).
[20]丁蓝,欧智乐,汤致凯,等.输电线路参数辨识的影响因素研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(7):1948-1953.Ding Lan,Ou Zhile,Tang Zhikai,et al.Research on factors influencing identification of transmission line parameters[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(7):1948-1953(in Chinese).
[2]颜伟,赵雪骞,吕志盛,等.基于等式方程直接求解的支路参数抗差估计方法[J].电网技术,2012,36(6):127-132.Yan Wei,Zhao Xueqian,LüZhisheng,et al.A method to estimate branch parameters based on direct solution of equations[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(6):127-132(in Chinese).
[3]韦恒,周頔,王毅.基于故障录波装置的双回输电线路参数在线测量方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(23):138-142.Wei Heng,Zhou Di,Wang Yi.Online parameter measurement of double-circuit transmission lines based on fault recorder[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(23):138-142(in Chinese).
[4]Schulze R,Schegner P,Zivanovic R.Parameter identification of unsymmetrical transmission lines using fault records obtained from protective relays[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(2):1265-1272.
[5]王海港,黄太贵,孙月琴,等.多变电站故障录波数据同步自动化方法与实现[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,43(1):102-107.Wang Haigang,Huang Taigui,Sun Yueqin,et al.Auto synchronization method and its implementation of fault recorder data from multi-substations[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,43(1):102-107(in Chinese).
[6]徐航,鞠力,董树锋,等.提高配电网状态估计精度的智能配电单元优化布点方法[J].电网技术,2018,42(4):1210-1216.Xu Hang,Ju Li,Dong Shufeng,et al.Optimization of intelligent distribution unit placement to improve accuracy of distribution network state estimation[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(4):1210-1216(in Chinese).
[7]王茂海,鲍捷,齐霞,等.相量测量装置(PMU)动态测量精度在线检验[J].电力系统保护与控制,2009,37(10):48-52.Wang Maohai,Bao Jie,Qi Xia,et al.Online assessment of phasor measurement unit’s performance based on sample data[J].Power System Protection and Control,2009,37(10):48-52(in Chinese).
[8]毕天姝,刘灏,杨奇逊.PMU算法动态性能及其测试系统[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(1):62-67.Bi Tianshu,Liu Hao,Yang Qixun.Dynamic performance of PMUalgorithm and its testing system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(1):62-67(in Chinese).
[9]薛安成,张兆阳,张建民,等.基于最大测点正常率的线路参数增广状态估计方法[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(10):61-65.Xue Ancheng,Zhang Zhaoyang,Zhang Jianmin,et al.An augmented state estimation method for transmission line parameters based on maximum normal measurement rate[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(10):61-65(in Chinese).
[10]门锟,康泰峰,齐天斌,等.基于多量测断面的支路参数辨识方法[J].电网技术,2014,38(S1):11-14.Men Kun,Kang Taifeng,Qi Wenbin,et al.Branch parameter estimation based on multiple measurement snapshots[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(Supplement1):11-14(in Chinese).
[11]宁辽逸,孙宏斌,吴文传,等.基于状态估计的电网支路参数估计方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(1):7-13.Ning Liaoyi,Sun Hongbin,Wu Wenchuan,et al.State estimation based branch parameter estimation method for power grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(1):7-13(in Chinese).
[12]Hu Zhijian,Chen Yunping.New method of live line measuring the inductance parameters of transmission lines based on GPS technology[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2008,23(3):1288-1295.
[13]王茂海,鲍捷,齐霞,等.基于PMU实测数据的输电线路参数在线估计方法[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(1):25-31.Wang Maohai,Bao Jie,Qi Xia,et al.Online estimation of transmission line parameters based on PMU measurements[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(1):25-31(in Chinese).
[14]王茂海,齐霞,牛四清,等.基于相量测量单元实测数据的变压器参数在线估计方法[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(13):61-65.Wang Maohai,Qi Xia,Niu Siqin,et al.Online estimation of transformer parameters based on PMU Measurements[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(13):61-65(in Chinese).
[15]陈俊,颜伟,卢建刚,等.考虑多时段量测随机误差的变压器参数抗差估计方法[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(2):28-33.Chen Jun,Yan Wei,Lu Jiangang,et al.A robust transformer parameter estimation method considering multi-period measurement random errors[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(2):28-33(in Chinese).
[16]薛安成,张兆阳,毕天舒,等.基于自适应抗差最小二乘法的线路正序参数在线辨识方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(8):202-209.Xue Ancheng,Zhang Zhaoyang,Bi Tianshu,et al.Online identification of transmission line positive-sequence parameters based on adaptive robust least squares[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(8):202-209(in Chinese).
[17]薛安成,周健,黄梓华,等.输电线路零序参数的在线自适应IGG抗差辨识方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3923-3929.Xue Ancheng,Zhou Jian,Huang Zihua,et al.On-line adaptive IGGrobust identification method for zero sequence parameters of transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3923-3929(in Chinese).
[18]Li Changgang,Zhang Yaping,Zhang Hengxu,et al.Measurementbased transmission line parameter estimation with adaptive data selection scheme[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2017,PP(99):1-1.
[19]陈晓刚,易永辉,江全元,等.基于WAMS/SCADA混合量测的电网参数辨识与估计[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(5):1-5.Chen Xiaogang,Yi Yonghui,Jiang Quanyuan,et al.Network parameter identification and estimation based on hybrid measurement of WAMS/SCADA[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(5):1-5(in Chinese).
[20]丁蓝,欧智乐,汤致凯,等.输电线路参数辨识的影响因素研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(7):1948-1953.Ding Lan,Ou Zhile,Tang Zhikai,et al.Research on factors influencing identification of transmission line parameters[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(7):1948-1953(in Chinese).