低阶煤的分质利用技术现状及发展前景
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摘要
针对以直接燃烧和单一转化为主的煤炭使用方式带来的资源浪费和污染环境问题,结合低阶煤的密度小、含水率高、挥发分高及热稳定性差等性质,分析低阶煤热解工艺的技术经济性及研究进展,阐述了粉煤热解-气化一体化、龙成低温热解以及低阶粉煤气固热载体双循环快速热解等先进煤炭分质技术,重点讨论了油气尘高效分离、半焦合理利用、废水深度处理等核心技术以及节能环保、全产业链配套等影响分质利用技术产业化的关键因素,展望只有解决了煤热解技术中关键核心技术、煤焦油高附加值深加工以及热解气利用等问题,才能在分质利用全产业链方面取得重大突破,实现低阶煤的清洁高效转化。
According to the problems of the waste of resources and environmental pollution caused by direct combustion and simple transformation of coal,the characteristics of low density,high moisture content,high volatile and poor thermal stability are analyzed,technical economy and research progress of lowrank coal staged utilization are discussed,advanced technologies of the integration of pulverized coal pyrolysis-gasification,Longcheng low temperature pyrolysis and binary rapid pyrolysis of gas-solid heat carrier are investigated,key factors that affect the technology industrialization like the stability for long period,high efficiency of dust separation of oil,gas and char,reasonable utilization of char and waste water dispose are introduced,the problems of key devices,large equipment and deep processing of coal tar,economic issues in coal pyrolysis technology are solved,major breakthrough points are obtained for using the whole industry chain,achieve clean efficient conversion of coal.
According to the problems of the waste of resources and environmental pollution caused by direct combustion and simple transformation of coal,the characteristics of low density,high moisture content,high volatile and poor thermal stability are analyzed,technical economy and research progress of lowrank coal staged utilization are discussed,advanced technologies of the integration of pulverized coal pyrolysis-gasification,Longcheng low temperature pyrolysis and binary rapid pyrolysis of gas-solid heat carrier are investigated,key factors that affect the technology industrialization like the stability for long period,high efficiency of dust separation of oil,gas and char,reasonable utilization of char and waste water dispose are introduced,the problems of key devices,large equipment and deep processing of coal tar,economic issues in coal pyrolysis technology are solved,major breakthrough points are obtained for using the whole industry chain,achieve clean efficient conversion of coal.
引文
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[15]潘生杰,陈建玉,范飞低.阶煤分质利用转化路线的现状分析及展望[J].洁净煤技术,2017,23(5):7-12.
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[3]葛立超.我国典型低品质煤提质利用及分级分质多联产的基础研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[4]尚建选,王立杰,甘建平,等.煤炭资源逐级分质综合利用的转化路线思考[J].中国煤炭,2010(9):98-101.
[5]樊亚明.煤炭的清洁高效利用初探[J].阜阳师范学院学报:自然科学版,2012,29(2):91-94.
[6]白向飞.中国褐煤及低阶烟煤利用与提质技术开发[J].煤质技术,2010,14(6):9-11.
[7]张宗飞,任敬,李泽海.煤热解多联产技术述评[J].化肥设计,2010,48(6):11-21.
[8]甘建平,马宝岐,尚建选.煤炭分质转化理念与路线的形成和发展[J].煤化工,2010,164(1):3-6.
[9]岑建孟,方梦祥,王勤辉.煤分级利用多联产技术及其发展前景[J].化工进展,2011,30(1):88-94.
[10]张志刚,闵小建,尚建选.以煤中低温热解为基础的油电多联产技术路线分析与建议[J].洗选加工,2012,18(6):1-3.
[11]郭树才.煤化工工艺学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1992.
[12]胡昕.煤炭分级利用与富氧燃烧技术机理及应用研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013.
[13]韩永滨,刘桂菊,赵慧斌.低阶煤的结构特点与热解技术发展概述[J].学科发展,2013,28(6):772-780.
[14]尚建选,王立杰,甘健平.陕北低变质煤分质综合利用前景展望[J].煤炭转化,2011,34(6):92-96.
[15]潘生杰,陈建玉,范飞低.阶煤分质利用转化路线的现状分析及展望[J].洁净煤技术,2017,23(5):7-12.
[16]王秀江.龙成煤低温干馏技术开辟煤炭分级分质利用新途径[J].能源新技术,2016,37(7):45-47.
[17]米治平,王宁波.煤炭低温干馏技术现状及发展趋势[J].洁净煤技术,2010(2):33-37.