剩余采食量在反刍动物生产中的研究进展
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摘要
剩余采食量(RFI)是一种评价饲料利用效率的有效指标,与料重比和增重饲料比这2种评价饲料利用效率的指标相比,可以避免不同体形和不同生长时期动物之间饲料利用效率的固有差异,可以使饲料利用效率的评价更加科学。随着科学技术发展,压力传感器系统、图像信息系统能够更加快捷有效地帮助收集采食量的相关数据。研究发现,低RFI的反刍动物对粗饲料的消化能力更强,同时不同RFI的反刍动物瘤胃细菌组成也存在差异,而且在瘤胃中挥发性脂肪酸运输的关键基因与RFI具有相关性。虽然不同RFI的家畜屠宰性能和胴体性状的差异在不同种家畜的研究中还没得到一致的结果,但是在繁殖育种中选育低RFI的家畜可以提高生产效率,节约饲料成本。因此,RFI在规模化养殖中的应用可以为提高牧场生产管理水平、增加经济效益提供帮助。
Residual feed intake(RFI) is an effective indicator to evaluate the feed utilization efficiency.Compared with the indexes of feed to gain ratio and gain to feed ratio,RFI can avoid to the inherent difference in animals of different shapes and different growth stages,and promote scientificity of the evaluation on feed utilization efficiency.With the development of science and technology,the pressure sensor system and image information system can help to collect relevant data of feed intake more quickly and effectively.The studies found that ruminant animals with low RFI had a stronger roughage digestive ability.Meanwhile,there were differences in the rumen bacterial composition in different levels of RFI,and the key genes for the transport of volatile fatty acids in the rumen were correlated with the level of RFI.Although the differences in slaughtering performance and carcass traits of different RFI have not been consistent in studies on different animals,breeding livestock with low RFI in reproduction can accelerate production efficiency and lower feed cost.Therefore,the application of RFI in large-scale breeding can improve the management level of ranching and provide significantly economic benefits.
Residual feed intake(RFI) is an effective indicator to evaluate the feed utilization efficiency.Compared with the indexes of feed to gain ratio and gain to feed ratio,RFI can avoid to the inherent difference in animals of different shapes and different growth stages,and promote scientificity of the evaluation on feed utilization efficiency.With the development of science and technology,the pressure sensor system and image information system can help to collect relevant data of feed intake more quickly and effectively.The studies found that ruminant animals with low RFI had a stronger roughage digestive ability.Meanwhile,there were differences in the rumen bacterial composition in different levels of RFI,and the key genes for the transport of volatile fatty acids in the rumen were correlated with the level of RFI.Although the differences in slaughtering performance and carcass traits of different RFI have not been consistent in studies on different animals,breeding livestock with low RFI in reproduction can accelerate production efficiency and lower feed cost.Therefore,the application of RFI in large-scale breeding can improve the management level of ranching and provide significantly economic benefits.
引文
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[2]BASARAB J A,PRICE M A,AALHUS J L,et al.Residual feed intake and body composition in young growing cattle[J].Canadian Journal of Animal Science,2003,83(2):189-204.
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[18]ELLISON M J,CONANT G C,LAMBERSON W R,et al.Diet and feed efficiency status affect rumen microbial profiles of sheep[J].Small Ruminant Research,2017,156:12-19.
[19]CARBERRY C A,KENNY D A,HAN S,et al.Effect of phenotypic residual feed intake and dietary forage content on the rumen microbial community of beef cattle[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2012,78(14):4949-4958.
[20]BENEDETI P D B,DETMANN E,MANTOVANI HC,e t al.Nellore bulls(Bos taurus indicus)with high residual feed intake have increased the expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation in rumen epithelium[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2017,235:77-86.
[21]FITZSIMONS C,KENNY D A,MCGEE M.Visceral organ weights,digestion and carcass characteristics of beef bulls differing in residual feed intake offered a high concentrate diet[J].Animal,2014,8(6):949-959.
[22]LAWRENCE P,KENNY D A,EARLEY B,et al.Intake of conserved and grazed grass and performance traits in beef suckler cows differing in phenotypic residual feed intake[J].Livestock Science,2013,152(2/3):154-166.
[23]FITZSIMONS C,KENNY D A,DEIGHTON M H,et al.Methane emissions,body composition,and rumen fermentation traits of beef heifers differing in residual feed intake[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(12):5789-5800.
[24]NASCIMENTO M L,SOUZA A R D L,CHAVES AS,et al.Feed efficiency indexes and their relationships with carcass,non-carcass and meat quality traits in Nellore steers[J].Meat Science,2016,116:78-85.
[25]HERD R M,DICKER R W,LEE G J,et al.Steer growth and feed efficiency on pasture are favourable associated with genetic variation in sire net feed intake[J].Science Access,2004,1(1):93-96.
[26]ROBINSON D L,ODDY V H.Genetic parameters for feed efficiency,f atness,muscle area and feeding behaviour of feedlot finished beef cattle[J].Livestock Production Science,2004,90(2/3):255-270.
[27]ZORZI K,BONILHA S F M,QUEIROZ A C,et al.Meat quality of young Nellore bulls with low and high residual feed intake[J].Meat Science,2013,93(3):593-599.
[28]BERRY D P,CROWLEY J J.Cell biology symposium:genetics of feed efficiency in dairy and beef cattle[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(4):1594-1613.
[29]YAO C,DE LOS CAMPOS G,VANDEHAAR M J,et al.Use of genotype×environment interaction model to accommodate genetic heterogeneity for residual feed intake,dry matter intake,net energy in milk,and metabolic body weight in dairy cattle[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2017,100(3):2007-2016.
[30]TEMPELMAN R J,SPURLOCK D M,COFFEY M,et al.Heterogeneity in genetic and nongenetic variation and energy sink relationships for residual feed intake across research stations and countries[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2015,98(3):2013-2026.
[2]BASARAB J A,PRICE M A,AALHUS J L,et al.Residual feed intake and body composition in young growing cattle[J].Canadian Journal of Animal Science,2003,83(2):189-204.
[3]DAMIRAN D,PENNER G B,LARSON K,et al.Use of residual feed intake as a selection criterion on the performance and relative development costs of replacement beef heifers[J].The Professional Animal Scientist,2018,34(2):156-166.
[4]STEYN Y,VAN MARLE-KSTER E,THERON HE.Residual feed intake as selection tool in South African Bonsmara cattle[J].Livestock Science,2014,164:35-38.
[5]FIDELIS H A,BONILHA S F M,TEDESCHI L O,et al.Residual feed intake,carcass traits and meat quality in Nellore cattle[J].Meat Science,2017,128:34-39.
[6]HERD R M,ODDY V H,RICHARDSON E C.Biological basis for variation in residual feed intake in beef cattle.1.Review of potential mechanisms[J].Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2004,44(5):423-430.
[7]肖成,曹阳,金海国,等.家畜剩余采食量性状候选基因的研究进展[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(5):45-49.
[8]FRANOIS D,BIBB,BOUIX J,et al.Genetic parameters of feeding traits in meat sheep[C]//Proceedings of the 7th world congress on genetics applied to livestock production.Montpellier:Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,2002.
[9]DIGIACOMO K,NORRIS E,DUNSHEA F R,et al.Responses of dairy cows with divergent residual feed intake as calves to metabolic challenges during midlactation and the nonlactating period[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2017,101(7):6474-6485.
[10]FISCHER A,DELAGARDE R,FAVERDIN P.Identification of biological traits associated with differences in residual energy intake among lactating Holstein cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2018,101(5):4193-4211.
[11]孙雨坤,岳奎忠,李文茜,等.图像信息技术在奶牛生产中的应用[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(5):1626-1632.
[12]CHIBA L.Dairy cattle nutrition and feeding[M/OL]//CHIBA L.Animal nutrition handbook.2013:486-517[2018-06-12].http://www.ag.auburn.edu/~chibale/an15dairycattlefeeding.pdf.
[13]SCHWARTZKOPF-GENSWEIN K S,HUISMA C,MCALLISTER T A.Validation of a radio frequency identification system for monitoring the feeding patterns of feedlot cattle[J].Livestock Production Science,1999,60(1):27-31.
[14]SHELLEY A N.Monitoring dairy cow feed intake using machine vision[D].Master Thesis.Kentucky:University of Kentucky,2013.
[15]CONNOR E E,HUTCHISON J L,OLSON K M,et al.Triennial lactation symposium:opportunities for improving milk production efficiency in dairy cattle[J].Journal of Animal Science,2012,90(5):1687-1694.
[16]POTTS S B,BOERMAN J P,LOCK A L,et al.Relationship between residual feed intake and digestibility for lactating Holstein cows fed high and low starch diets[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2017,100(1):265-278.
[17]GUAN L L,NKRUMAH J D,BASARAB J A,et al.Linkage of microbial ecology to phenotype:correlation of rumen microbial ecology to cattle's feed efficiency[J].FEMS Microbiology Letters,2010,288(1):85-91.
[18]ELLISON M J,CONANT G C,LAMBERSON W R,et al.Diet and feed efficiency status affect rumen microbial profiles of sheep[J].Small Ruminant Research,2017,156:12-19.
[19]CARBERRY C A,KENNY D A,HAN S,et al.Effect of phenotypic residual feed intake and dietary forage content on the rumen microbial community of beef cattle[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2012,78(14):4949-4958.
[20]BENEDETI P D B,DETMANN E,MANTOVANI HC,e t al.Nellore bulls(Bos taurus indicus)with high residual feed intake have increased the expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation in rumen epithelium[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2017,235:77-86.
[21]FITZSIMONS C,KENNY D A,MCGEE M.Visceral organ weights,digestion and carcass characteristics of beef bulls differing in residual feed intake offered a high concentrate diet[J].Animal,2014,8(6):949-959.
[22]LAWRENCE P,KENNY D A,EARLEY B,et al.Intake of conserved and grazed grass and performance traits in beef suckler cows differing in phenotypic residual feed intake[J].Livestock Science,2013,152(2/3):154-166.
[23]FITZSIMONS C,KENNY D A,DEIGHTON M H,et al.Methane emissions,body composition,and rumen fermentation traits of beef heifers differing in residual feed intake[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(12):5789-5800.
[24]NASCIMENTO M L,SOUZA A R D L,CHAVES AS,et al.Feed efficiency indexes and their relationships with carcass,non-carcass and meat quality traits in Nellore steers[J].Meat Science,2016,116:78-85.
[25]HERD R M,DICKER R W,LEE G J,et al.Steer growth and feed efficiency on pasture are favourable associated with genetic variation in sire net feed intake[J].Science Access,2004,1(1):93-96.
[26]ROBINSON D L,ODDY V H.Genetic parameters for feed efficiency,f atness,muscle area and feeding behaviour of feedlot finished beef cattle[J].Livestock Production Science,2004,90(2/3):255-270.
[27]ZORZI K,BONILHA S F M,QUEIROZ A C,et al.Meat quality of young Nellore bulls with low and high residual feed intake[J].Meat Science,2013,93(3):593-599.
[28]BERRY D P,CROWLEY J J.Cell biology symposium:genetics of feed efficiency in dairy and beef cattle[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(4):1594-1613.
[29]YAO C,DE LOS CAMPOS G,VANDEHAAR M J,et al.Use of genotype×environment interaction model to accommodate genetic heterogeneity for residual feed intake,dry matter intake,net energy in milk,and metabolic body weight in dairy cattle[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2017,100(3):2007-2016.
[30]TEMPELMAN R J,SPURLOCK D M,COFFEY M,et al.Heterogeneity in genetic and nongenetic variation and energy sink relationships for residual feed intake across research stations and countries[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2015,98(3):2013-2026.