30CrMnSiNi2A钢激光再制造技术研究
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摘要
采用激光送丝堆焊技术对预置缺陷(缺陷深度0.4、0.8、1.2、1.6和2.0mm,样品厚度4mm)的30CrMnSiNi2A超高强度钢进行修复,对激光功率、激光扫描速度、送丝速度进行正交试验得出最佳工艺,以获得性能优良的修复样品。利用光学显微镜(OM)、电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、显微硬度仪和万能试验机对修复件熔池尺寸、显微组织、显微硬度、抗拉强度和拉伸断口进行了研究。结果表明,1.2mm缺陷深度,激光功率3.1kW,焊接速度0.9m/min,送丝速度2.4m/min时,修复件性能最佳,抗拉强度达到原件设计标准,断口出现在堆焊层。工艺参数影响着熔池质量尺寸参数,包括熔深、堆焊层宽度和堆高,从而影响修复件质量。根据缺陷深度,采用各自的最佳工艺,在预置缺陷深度0.4mm、0.8mm和1.2mm的样品中,抗拉强度基本达标,超过1.2mm时,抗拉强度急剧下降,不达标。由此得到预置缺陷的样品临界修复尺寸是1.2mm,即占板厚的30%。
The ultra-high strength steel 30 CrMnSiNi2 A with preset defects(damage depth:0.4 mm,0.8 mm,1.2 mm,1.6 mm and 2.0 mm,sample depth:4 mm)was repaired by laser wire-feeding surfacing welding technology,laser power,laser scanning speed,wire feed speed orthogonal experiments were performed to obtain the best process for excellent repaired samples.The molten pool size,microstructure,microhardness,tensile strength and fracture were investigated by means of optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),microhardness testing machine and electronic universal testing machine.The results show that with a damage depth of 1.2 mm,laser power of 3.1 kW,welding speed of 0.9 m/min and the wire feed speed of 2.4 m/min,the repaired parts perform best,the tensile strength meets the original design criteria,and the fracture appears on the surfacing layer.The process parameters affect the quality parameters of the molten pool,including the penetration depth,the width of the surfacing layer and the height of the pile,thereby affecting the quality of the repaired parts.According to the depth of defects,using their best technology,the tensile strength of the samples with pre-defective depths of0.4 mm,0.8 mm,and 1.2 mm basically meets the standard.When the depth exceeds 1.2 mm,the tensile strength decreases sharply and fails to reach the standard.The critical repair dimension of a sample with a preset defect is 1.2 mm,which is 30%of the plate thickness.
The ultra-high strength steel 30 CrMnSiNi2 A with preset defects(damage depth:0.4 mm,0.8 mm,1.2 mm,1.6 mm and 2.0 mm,sample depth:4 mm)was repaired by laser wire-feeding surfacing welding technology,laser power,laser scanning speed,wire feed speed orthogonal experiments were performed to obtain the best process for excellent repaired samples.The molten pool size,microstructure,microhardness,tensile strength and fracture were investigated by means of optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),microhardness testing machine and electronic universal testing machine.The results show that with a damage depth of 1.2 mm,laser power of 3.1 kW,welding speed of 0.9 m/min and the wire feed speed of 2.4 m/min,the repaired parts perform best,the tensile strength meets the original design criteria,and the fracture appears on the surfacing layer.The process parameters affect the quality parameters of the molten pool,including the penetration depth,the width of the surfacing layer and the height of the pile,thereby affecting the quality of the repaired parts.According to the depth of defects,using their best technology,the tensile strength of the samples with pre-defective depths of0.4 mm,0.8 mm,and 1.2 mm basically meets the standard.When the depth exceeds 1.2 mm,the tensile strength decreases sharply and fails to reach the standard.The critical repair dimension of a sample with a preset defect is 1.2 mm,which is 30%of the plate thickness.
引文
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[12]ZHANG LI,ZHANG YUFENG,HUO LIXING,et al.Microstructure and properties of 30CrMnSiNi2Asteel electron beam welded joints[J].Transactions of The China Welding Institution,2002,23(1):73-75.张莉,张玉凤,霍立兴,等.30CrMnSiNi2A钢焊接接头热处理后的组织与性能[J].焊接学报,2002,23(1):73-75.
[13]LEI HUADONG,HUANG WENRONG,GUO PENG,et al.Study on metallographic structure and property of welded joint for laser beam welding of the quenched and tempered 30CrMnSiA[J].Applied Laser,2003,23(6):322-326.雷华东,黄文荣,郭鹏,等.调质状态下30CrMnSiA钢的激光焊接接头性能与组织[J].应用激光,2003,23(6):322-326.
[14]MCDANIELS R L,WHITE S A,LIAW K,et al.Effects of a laser surface processing induced heat-affected zone on the fatigue behavior of AISI 4340steel[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2008,485(1-2):500-507.
[15]ZHOU JIASHENG.The principle and process of material connection[M],Harbin:Harbin institute of technology press,2004:64-65.邹家生.材料连接原理与工艺[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004:64-65.
[2]GAN YONG,TIAN ZHILIN,DONG HAN,et al.China material engineering:volume 2,steel material engineering[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005:1173-1175.干勇,田志凌,董瀚,等.中国材料工程大典:第2卷,钢铁材料工程[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:1173-1175.
[3]SUN S D,LIU Q,BRANDT M,et al.Effect of laser clad repair on the fatigue behaviour of ultra-high strength AISI 4340steel[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2014(606):46-57.
[4]WALKER K F,LOURENCO J M,SUN S,et al.Quantitative fractography and modelling of fatigue crack propagation in high strength AerMet;100steel repaired with a laser cladding process[J].International Journal of Fatigue,2016(94):288-301.
[5]BONORA R G,VOORWALD H J C,CIOFFI M O H,et al.Fatigue in AISI 4340steel thermal spray coating by HVOF for aeronautic application[J].Procedia Engineering,2010,2(1):1617-1623.
[6]LI ZHAOSHAN,YANG LI.Restoration of ultra-high strength parts using oxyacelene flam spraying[J].Hot Working Technology,2007,36(15):96-96.李照山,杨丽.用氧乙炔焰喷熔工艺修复超高强度钢件[J].热加工工艺,2007,36(15):96-96.
[7]ZHANG ZHIQIANG,CHENG ZONGHUI,CAO QIANG,et al.Repairing of 30CrMnSiNi2A high strength steel by laser cladding[J].Equipment Environmental Engineering,2016,13(1):62-67.张志强,程宗辉,曹强,等.30CrMnSiNi2A超强钢激光熔覆修复试验研究[J].装备环境工程,2016,13(1):62-67.
[8]SUN BINGBING,ZHANG XUEJUN,LI NENG,et al.Study on process and properties of 30CrMnSiNi2Ahigh strength steel by laser cladding[J].Welding Technology,2016(3):23-25.孙兵兵,张学军,李能,等.30CrMnSiNi2A超高强度钢激光熔覆工艺及性能研究[J].焊接技术,2016(3):23-25.
[9]ZHAO WEIQIANG,YANG XIAOKUN,XUE LEI,et al.Study on microstructure and mechanical properties of30CrMnSiNi2Asuper-strength steel by laser forming repair[J].Applied Laser,2015,35(1):48-52.赵卫强,杨肖琨,薛蕾,等.激光成形修复30CrMnSiNi2A超高强度钢组织与力学性能研究[J].应用激光,2015,35(1):48-52.
[10]ZUO SHIWEI,YU ZHISHUI,JING JINGNAN.Research on factors affecting shape of weld pool[J].Journal of Shanghai University of Engineering Science,2010,24(3):272-276.左士伟,于治水,经敬楠.焊接熔池形状的影响因素[J].上海工程技术大学学报,2010,24(3):272-276.
[11]XUE HAIQING.Discuss on relation between shape,size and quality of welding seam[J].Science and Technology of Datong Coal Mining Administration,2007(3):41-42.薛海青.浅谈焊缝的形状尺寸与焊缝质量的关系[J].同煤科技,2007(3):41-42.
[12]ZHANG LI,ZHANG YUFENG,HUO LIXING,et al.Microstructure and properties of 30CrMnSiNi2Asteel electron beam welded joints[J].Transactions of The China Welding Institution,2002,23(1):73-75.张莉,张玉凤,霍立兴,等.30CrMnSiNi2A钢焊接接头热处理后的组织与性能[J].焊接学报,2002,23(1):73-75.
[13]LEI HUADONG,HUANG WENRONG,GUO PENG,et al.Study on metallographic structure and property of welded joint for laser beam welding of the quenched and tempered 30CrMnSiA[J].Applied Laser,2003,23(6):322-326.雷华东,黄文荣,郭鹏,等.调质状态下30CrMnSiA钢的激光焊接接头性能与组织[J].应用激光,2003,23(6):322-326.
[14]MCDANIELS R L,WHITE S A,LIAW K,et al.Effects of a laser surface processing induced heat-affected zone on the fatigue behavior of AISI 4340steel[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2008,485(1-2):500-507.
[15]ZHOU JIASHENG.The principle and process of material connection[M],Harbin:Harbin institute of technology press,2004:64-65.邹家生.材料连接原理与工艺[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004:64-65.