3种小叶杨无性系田间栽培对比试验
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摘要
小叶杨是青海造林绿化的常用树种,具有速生、丰产、优质、抗旱性强的特点。该试验以3种小叶杨无性系为试材,通过田间栽培对比试验对小叶杨的生长节律、蒸腾速率、光合速率生理指标进行测定,为小叶杨优良无性系的筛选提供依据,具有一定的生产实践意义。结果表明:3个小叶杨无性系的树高生长表现为由慢到快再到慢的"S"形变化趋势,985834在3个小叶杨无性系中呈现最好的生长势。3种小叶杨无性系蒸腾速率日变化近趋于一致,并呈现出午间高峰单峰曲线,辽宁5-5平均蒸腾速率>青海311平均蒸腾速率>985834平均蒸腾速率。3种小叶杨无性系光合速率具有明显的日变化,均为单峰曲线,表现为早上9:00开始,随着时间的推移逐渐增加,至12:00达到峰值,之后光合速率逐渐下降。985834日平均值高于辽宁5-5和青海311。各项指标表明,985834小叶杨无性系优于青海311和辽宁5-5小叶杨无性系,可为下一步良种筛选提供依据。
Populus simonii Carr is a common afforestation tree, which has fast-growing, high-yield, high-quality, and drought-resistant characteristics. We used clonal plants of P. simonii as experimental materials to measure growth rhythm, transpiration rate and photosynthetic rate. Our study can provide practice references for filtering and selecting the excellent P. simonii. Our results showed: the growth rhythm of all three types of clonal P. simonii showed slow-fast-slow trend of "S", 985834 had the best growth rhythm of all three types. All three types of clonal P. simonii had the similar trends of transpiration rates, the highest during midday time, the average transpiration rate was Liaoning 5-5 > Qinghai 311 > 985834. The photosynthetic rates of all three types of clonal P. simonii had the single peaking curves(the peaking during midday time) in one day. Specifically, our results showed that the photosynthetic rates increased from 9:00 to 12:00, and then decreased after 12:00 in a day. The day-average photosynthetic rate of 985834 was higher than Liaoning 5-5 and Qinghai 311. The three above-mentioned indexes showed that 985834 was better than Liaoning 5-5 and Qinghai 311, providing further practice basics for the selection of the excellent P. simonii.
Populus simonii Carr is a common afforestation tree, which has fast-growing, high-yield, high-quality, and drought-resistant characteristics. We used clonal plants of P. simonii as experimental materials to measure growth rhythm, transpiration rate and photosynthetic rate. Our study can provide practice references for filtering and selecting the excellent P. simonii. Our results showed: the growth rhythm of all three types of clonal P. simonii showed slow-fast-slow trend of "S", 985834 had the best growth rhythm of all three types. All three types of clonal P. simonii had the similar trends of transpiration rates, the highest during midday time, the average transpiration rate was Liaoning 5-5 > Qinghai 311 > 985834. The photosynthetic rates of all three types of clonal P. simonii had the single peaking curves(the peaking during midday time) in one day. Specifically, our results showed that the photosynthetic rates increased from 9:00 to 12:00, and then decreased after 12:00 in a day. The day-average photosynthetic rate of 985834 was higher than Liaoning 5-5 and Qinghai 311. The three above-mentioned indexes showed that 985834 was better than Liaoning 5-5 and Qinghai 311, providing further practice basics for the selection of the excellent P. simonii.
引文
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[2] 刘巍,蔄胜军,丁勇,等.5种不同杨树光合指标日变化分析[J].西南林业大学学报,2015,35(6):19-25.
[3] 李晓宇.小叶杨光合特性研究[J].湖南林业科技,2015,42(2):54-57.
[4] 陈刚,肖国民,张津平,等.6个杨树无性系系列对比试验研究[J].江西林业科技,2009(4):20-22.
[5] 兰传亮.美国引进杨树无性系的苗期生长与能源性状[D].南京:南京林业大学,2008.
[6] 方晓娟.毛白杨杂种无性系苗木生长和生理特性研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2010.
[7] 邓松录,狄晓艳,王孟本,等.杨树无性系光和特征的研究[J].植物研究,2006,26(5):600-608.
[8] 狄晓艳.杨树无性系光合作用、蒸腾作用和抗旱性的研究[D].太原:山西大学,2004.
[9] 陈安强,房用,慕宗昭,等.杨树无性系蒸腾速率及其影响因子的研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(4):157-160,164.
[10] 张治安,杨福,陈展宇,等.菰叶片净光合速率日变化及其与环境因子的相互关系[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(3):502-509.