环烷基NiFe_2O_4磁流体的制备及有磁场沉降稳定性
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摘要
目前,磁流体的制备方法多为化学共沉淀法,关于磁流体微乳化制备工艺及有磁场沉降稳定性的研究较少。采用单因素和均匀实验设计方法,判定分散剂及其质量分数对环烷基NiFe_2O_4磁流体沉降稳定性的影响。本文采用微乳化法制备环烷基NiFe_2O_4磁流体,通过样品沉降系数和黏度特性,研究分散剂种类与其质量分数、NiFe2O4纳米磁性颗粒质量分数、乳化剂种类及温度对磁流体有磁场沉降稳定性的影响,得到制备环烷基NiFe_2O_4磁流体的较佳参数值。研究结果表明:当十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)与油酸(OA)的质量分数在1%～6%范围内,环烷基NiFe_2O_4磁流体的沉降稳定性较好,并且SDBS与OA的含量对其稳定性的影响大于SDS;当分散剂定量时,随着NiFe_2O_4纳米磁性颗粒质量分数的增加,磁流体先表现出较好的稳定性,后逐渐出现团聚;在一定温度时,乳化剂Surf CA20有利于磁流体内部形成液晶相,减小液珠间吸引势能并且降低磁性颗粒的聚结速度,提高磁流体的有磁场沉降稳定性。
At present, the preparation methods of magnetic fluids are mostly chemical co-precipitation methods, and there are few studies on the preparation process of micro-emulsification and the magnetic field sedimentation stability. The dispersant and its mass fraction required for the high quality cycloalkyl NiFe_2O_4 magnetic fluid were selected by single factor and uniform test design. Through the sample sedimentation coefficient and viscosity characteristics, the effects of dispersant type and mass fraction,NiFe_2O_4 nanoparticle mass fraction, emulsifier type and temperature on the magnetic field sedimentation stability of magnetic fluid were studied, and the better parameters for preparing cycloalkyl NiFe_2O_4 magnetic fluid were obtained. Results showed that when the mass fraction of SDBS, SDS and OA was in the range of 1%～6%, the sedimentation stability of cycloalkyl NiFe_2O_4 magnetic fluid was better, and the effect of SDBS and OA was greater than SDS on its stability. When the amount of dispersant was fixed, the magnetic fluid first exhibited well stability with the increase of the NiFe_2O_4 magnetic nanoparticles mass fraction, and then agglomeration gradually occurred. At a certain temperature, the emulsifier Surf CA20 was favorable for the formation of liquid crystal inside the magnetic fluid. The liquid crystal reduced the attraction potential between the liquid beads and the coalescence speed of the magnetic particles, thereby improving the magnetic field sedimentation stability of the magnetic fluid.
At present, the preparation methods of magnetic fluids are mostly chemical co-precipitation methods, and there are few studies on the preparation process of micro-emulsification and the magnetic field sedimentation stability. The dispersant and its mass fraction required for the high quality cycloalkyl NiFe_2O_4 magnetic fluid were selected by single factor and uniform test design. Through the sample sedimentation coefficient and viscosity characteristics, the effects of dispersant type and mass fraction,NiFe_2O_4 nanoparticle mass fraction, emulsifier type and temperature on the magnetic field sedimentation stability of magnetic fluid were studied, and the better parameters for preparing cycloalkyl NiFe_2O_4 magnetic fluid were obtained. Results showed that when the mass fraction of SDBS, SDS and OA was in the range of 1%～6%, the sedimentation stability of cycloalkyl NiFe_2O_4 magnetic fluid was better, and the effect of SDBS and OA was greater than SDS on its stability. When the amount of dispersant was fixed, the magnetic fluid first exhibited well stability with the increase of the NiFe_2O_4 magnetic nanoparticles mass fraction, and then agglomeration gradually occurred. At a certain temperature, the emulsifier Surf CA20 was favorable for the formation of liquid crystal inside the magnetic fluid. The liquid crystal reduced the attraction potential between the liquid beads and the coalescence speed of the magnetic particles, thereby improving the magnetic field sedimentation stability of the magnetic fluid.
引文
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[20] BHOSALE S V, EKAMBE P S, BHORASKAR S V, et al. Effect of surface properties of NiFe2O4,nanoparticles synthesized by dc thermal plasma route on antimicrobial activity[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2018,441:724-733.
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[23]唐萌.氧化铁纳米材料的制备、表征、应用与安全性[M].北京:科学出版社, 2014:70-72.TANG Meng. Preparation, characterization, application and safety of iron oxide nanomaterials[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2014:70-72.
[24]胡臻尚,吴张永,莫子勇,等.水基NiFe2O4磁流体在无磁场时的沉降稳定性[J].化工进展,2017,36(9):3414-3421.HU Zhenshang, WU Zhangyong, MO Ziyong, et al. Sedimentation stability of water-based NiFe2O4ferrofluid in the absence of magnetic field[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017,36(9):3414-3421.
[25]胡臻尚,吴张永,莫子勇,等. NiFe2O4磁流体黏度特性实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2018,39(6):1205-1212.HU ZhenShang, WU Zhangyong, MO Ziyong, et al. Experimental investigations on viscosity properties of NiFe2O4magnetic fluid[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2018,39(6):1205-1212.
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[27]崔正刚.表面活性剂、胶体与界面化学基础[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2013:102,256.CUI Zhenggang. Surfactant, colloid and interface chemistry foundation[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2013:102,256.
[28]王煦漫,张彩宁,古宏晨. Fe3O4水基磁流体的制备及其分散性能研究[J].化学工程师,2007(9):4-7.WANG Xuman, ZHANG Caining, GU Hongchen. Study on the preparation and stability of water-based magnetic fluids[J]. Chemical Engineer, 2007(9):4-7.
[29]朱晓洁,张荣莉,朱叶,等.基于双亲无规共聚物自组装胶体粒子的疏水涂层的构建及其性能研究[J].功能材料,2018,49(2):2081-2085,2092.ZHU Xiaojie, ZHANG Rongli, ZHU Ye, et al. Fabrication and characterization of hydrophobic coatings based fluorine containing colloidalparticles[J].JournalofFunctionalMaterials,2018,49(2):2081-2085,2092.
[30]刘娜,易成林,孙建华,等.双亲性无规共聚物自组装胶束结构及其乳化性能[J].物理化学学报,2013(2):327-334.LIU Na, YI Chenglin, SUN Jianhua, et al. Structure and emulsification performance of amphiphilic copolymer self-assembled micelles[J]. Acta Physico-ChimicaSinica,2013(2):327-334.
[31]闫广义,李玢洁,白林凤,等.乳香提取物固体纳米脂质微粒的制备与性能研究[J].日用化学工业,2015(10):572-576.YAN Guangyi, LI Binjie, BAI Linfeng, et al. Preparation and performance of solid lipid nanoparticles from Boswellia carterii Birdw extract[J]. China Surfactant Detergent&Amp; Cosmetics, 2015(10):572-576.
[32]李一鸣,吴晓静,沈梦霞,等.表面活性剂复配体系BS-9在稠油乳化降黏中的应用性能研究[J].油田化学,2010(1):81-83.LIYiming,WUXiaojing,SHENMengxia,etal.Performancepropertiesof surfactant mixture as emulsifier/viscosity reducer for viscous crude oils[J].OilfieldChemistry,2010(1):81-83.
[2] LIM S T, MIN S C, JANG I B, et al. Magnetorheological characterization of carbonyl iron based suspension stabilized by fumed silica[J]. Journal of Magnetism&Magnetic Materials, 2004,282(1):170-173.
[3]朱桂平,李来,黄护林,等.均匀磁场作用下磁流体座滴变形研究[J].工程热物理学报,2017,38(11):2429-2434.ZHU Guiping, LI Lai, HUANG Hulin,et al. Ferrofluid sessile droplet deformation under a uniform magnetic field[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2017,38(11):2429-2434.
[4]王琛,杨延莲.纳米科技创新方法研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:114.WANG Chen, YANG Yanlian. Research on nanotechnology innovation methods[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2015:114.
[5]杨健健,晏华,代军,等.磁流变液材料的性能与应用综述[J].化工进展,2017,36(1):247-260.YANG Jianjian, YAN Yua, DAI Jun, et al. A review on magnetorheological fluid:properties and applications[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017,36(1):247-260.
[6]浦鸿汀,蒋峰景.磁流变液材料的研究进展和应用前景[J].化工进展,2005,24(2):132-136.PU Hongting, JIANG Fengjing. Research progress and application of magnetorheological fluids[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2005,24(2):132-136.
[7]林济猷.液压油概论[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社, 1986:1-6.LIN Jizhen. Introduction to hydraulic oil[M]. Beijing:Coal Industry Press, 1986:1-6.
[8]朱红.实用磁流变液材料制备及性能研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2010.ZHU hong. Fabrication of practical magnetorheological fluids and their properties[D]. Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China, 2010.
[9] BARUWATI B, GUIN D, MANORAMA S V. Pd on surfacemodified NiFe2O4nanoparticles:a magnetically recoverable catalyst for suzuki and heck reactions[J]. Organic Letters, 2007, 9(26):5377-5380.
[10]段正洋,刘树丽,徐晓军,等.磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子的制备、功能化及在重金属废水中的应用[J].化工进展,2017,36(5):1791-1801.DUAN Zhengyang, LIU Shuli, XU Xiaojun, et al. Preparation and functionalization of magnetic Fe3O4nanoparticles and its application in heavy metal wastewater[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017,36(5):1791-1801.
[11]孙涛,王光辉,陆安慧,等.磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒的研究进展[J].化工进展,2010,29(7):1241-1250.SUN Tao, WANG Guanghui, LU Anhui, et al. Research development of magnetic magnetite nanoparticles[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2010,29(7):1241-1250.
[12]陈飞.磁流变液制备及动力传动技术研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2013.CHEN Fei. Study on magnetorheological fluids preparation and power transmission technology[D]. Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology, 2013.
[13] MORR A H, HANEDA K. Magnetic structure of small NiFe2O4particles[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1981, 52(3):2496-2498.
[14] MEHDIPOUR M, SHOKROLLAHI H. Comparison of microwave absorption properties of SrFe12O19, SrFe12O19/NiFe2O4, and NiFe2O4particles[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 2013, 114(4):2782-2785.
[15] HESSIEN M M, MOSTAFA N Y, ABD-ELKADER O H. Influence of carboxylic acid type on microstructure and magnetic properties of polymeric complex solgel driven NiFe2O4[J]. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2016, 398:109-115.
[16] SONG X, SUN F F, DAI S T, et al. Hollow NiFe2O4microspindles derived from Ni/Fe bimetallic MOFs for highly sensitive acetone sensing at low operating temperature[J]. Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, 2018(10):10-39.
[17] LIU P, HUANG Y, SUN X. NiFe2O4clusters on the surface of reduced graphene oxide and their excellent microwave absorption properties[J]. Materials Letters, 2013, 112(12):117-120.
[18] LI Y, ZHANG Z, PEI L, et al. Multifunctional photocatalytic performances of recyclable Pd-NiFe2O4reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites via different co-catalyst strategy[J]. Applied Catalysis B:Environmental, 2016,190:1-11.
[19] LI Y, WU T, JIN K, et al. Controllable synthesis and enhanced microwave absorbing properties of Fe3O4/NiFe2O4/Ni heterostructure porous rods[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2016,387:190-201.
[20] BHOSALE S V, EKAMBE P S, BHORASKAR S V, et al. Effect of surface properties of NiFe2O4,nanoparticles synthesized by dc thermal plasma route on antimicrobial activity[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2018,441:724-733.
[21]武倩,张世忠,刘慧勇,等.纳米磁性流体的制备与应用进展[J].中国粉体技术, 2018, 24(5):13-19.WU Qian, ZHANG Shizhong, LIU Huiyong, et al. Progress in preparation and application of magnetic fluids[J]. China Powder Science and Technology, 2018, 24(5):13-19.
[22]肖林京,王传萍,卫洁,等.磁场作用下磁流变液剪切性能的实验分析[J].材料科学与工程学报,2017,35(4):659-662,688.XIAO Linjing, WANG Chuanping, WEI Jie, et al. Experimental analysis on shear properties of magnetorheological fluids under magnetic fields[J]. Journal of Materials Science and Engineering,2017,35(4):659-662,688.
[23]唐萌.氧化铁纳米材料的制备、表征、应用与安全性[M].北京:科学出版社, 2014:70-72.TANG Meng. Preparation, characterization, application and safety of iron oxide nanomaterials[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2014:70-72.
[24]胡臻尚,吴张永,莫子勇,等.水基NiFe2O4磁流体在无磁场时的沉降稳定性[J].化工进展,2017,36(9):3414-3421.HU Zhenshang, WU Zhangyong, MO Ziyong, et al. Sedimentation stability of water-based NiFe2O4ferrofluid in the absence of magnetic field[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017,36(9):3414-3421.
[25]胡臻尚,吴张永,莫子勇,等. NiFe2O4磁流体黏度特性实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2018,39(6):1205-1212.HU ZhenShang, WU Zhangyong, MO Ziyong, et al. Experimental investigations on viscosity properties of NiFe2O4magnetic fluid[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2018,39(6):1205-1212.
[26]崔正刚,殷福珊.微乳化技术及应用[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社, 1999:73-75.CUI Zhenggang, YIN Fushan. Microemulsification technology and application[M]. Beijing:China Light Industry Press, 1999:73-75.
[27]崔正刚.表面活性剂、胶体与界面化学基础[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2013:102,256.CUI Zhenggang. Surfactant, colloid and interface chemistry foundation[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2013:102,256.
[28]王煦漫,张彩宁,古宏晨. Fe3O4水基磁流体的制备及其分散性能研究[J].化学工程师,2007(9):4-7.WANG Xuman, ZHANG Caining, GU Hongchen. Study on the preparation and stability of water-based magnetic fluids[J]. Chemical Engineer, 2007(9):4-7.
[29]朱晓洁,张荣莉,朱叶,等.基于双亲无规共聚物自组装胶体粒子的疏水涂层的构建及其性能研究[J].功能材料,2018,49(2):2081-2085,2092.ZHU Xiaojie, ZHANG Rongli, ZHU Ye, et al. Fabrication and characterization of hydrophobic coatings based fluorine containing colloidalparticles[J].JournalofFunctionalMaterials,2018,49(2):2081-2085,2092.
[30]刘娜,易成林,孙建华,等.双亲性无规共聚物自组装胶束结构及其乳化性能[J].物理化学学报,2013(2):327-334.LIU Na, YI Chenglin, SUN Jianhua, et al. Structure and emulsification performance of amphiphilic copolymer self-assembled micelles[J]. Acta Physico-ChimicaSinica,2013(2):327-334.
[31]闫广义,李玢洁,白林凤,等.乳香提取物固体纳米脂质微粒的制备与性能研究[J].日用化学工业,2015(10):572-576.YAN Guangyi, LI Binjie, BAI Linfeng, et al. Preparation and performance of solid lipid nanoparticles from Boswellia carterii Birdw extract[J]. China Surfactant Detergent&Amp; Cosmetics, 2015(10):572-576.
[32]李一鸣,吴晓静,沈梦霞,等.表面活性剂复配体系BS-9在稠油乳化降黏中的应用性能研究[J].油田化学,2010(1):81-83.LIYiming,WUXiaojing,SHENMengxia,etal.Performancepropertiesof surfactant mixture as emulsifier/viscosity reducer for viscous crude oils[J].OilfieldChemistry,2010(1):81-83.