沿海岛屿与内陆藓类植物遗传多样性和分化的比较研究——以真藓(Bryum argenteum Hedw.)为例
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摘要
基于11个内陆居群和32个岛屿居群的252份标本,采用ISSR分子标记技术对真藓(Bryum argenteum Hedw.)的遗传多样性进行了研究。结果显示:岛屿与内陆居群间的遗传多样性差异显著,岛屿居群间的分化程度(Gst=0.453)大于内陆居群(Gst=0.387),岛屿居群的遗传分化与地理来源间存在极显著相关性(r=0.478,n=175,P <0.001)。地理隔离效应是导致岛屿居群间遗传分化的重要因素。岛内居群间的遗传分化水平较低,仅有29.4%～29.7%的遗传多样性存在于居群间。聚类分析表明,43个居群可划分为10大类群,真藓遗传关系受地理因素和生境异质性的影响,水域隔离影响了真藓繁殖体在岛屿间的传播。
The genetic diversity of Bryum argenteum Hedw. was studied based on 252 samples from 11 inland and 32 island populations using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat( ISSR)markers. Significant genetic differentiation between island and inland populations was detected,with a higher degree of differentiation found in the island populations( Gst= 0.453)compared with the continental populations( Gst= 0.387). There was a significant correlation between genetic differentiation of the tested samples and their geographical origin( r = 0.478,n = 175,P < 0.001),indicating a significant effect of geographical isolation on genetic differentiation among the populations of mosses. Genetic variation among the island populations of B. argenteum was low,varying from 29.4% to 29.7% among populations. 43 populations were divided into 10 groups based on the ISSR results using cluster analysis. Both geographic origin and environmental heterogeneity exerted marked effects on the genetic diversity of B. argenteum. The spread of propagules was likely impacted by watershed isolation to a certain degree.
The genetic diversity of Bryum argenteum Hedw. was studied based on 252 samples from 11 inland and 32 island populations using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat( ISSR)markers. Significant genetic differentiation between island and inland populations was detected,with a higher degree of differentiation found in the island populations( Gst= 0.453)compared with the continental populations( Gst= 0.387). There was a significant correlation between genetic differentiation of the tested samples and their geographical origin( r = 0.478,n = 175,P < 0.001),indicating a significant effect of geographical isolation on genetic differentiation among the populations of mosses. Genetic variation among the island populations of B. argenteum was low,varying from 29.4% to 29.7% among populations. 43 populations were divided into 10 groups based on the ISSR results using cluster analysis. Both geographic origin and environmental heterogeneity exerted marked effects on the genetic diversity of B. argenteum. The spread of propagules was likely impacted by watershed isolation to a certain degree.
引文
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[20]徐梦平.缙云黄芩(Scutellaria tsinyunensis C. Y. Wu et S.Chow)及近缘种基于ITS和cpDNA序列的遗传多样性研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2016.
[2] Frankham R. Do island populations have less genetic variation than mainland populations?[J]. Heredity,1997,78(3):311-327.
[3] Manel S,Schwartz MK,Luikart G,Taberlet P. Landscape genetics:combining landscape ecology and population genetics[J]. Trends Ecol Evol,2003,18(4):189-197.
[4]顾辛韵.生境片断化对枫香(Liquidambar formosana)种群遗传多样性及遗传分化的影响[D].上海:华东师范大学,2016.
[5]冷欣,王中生,安树青,冯珏,刘玉虹,王国明.岛屿特有种全缘冬青遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J].生物多样性,2005,13(6):546-554.Leng X,Wang ZS,An SQ,Feng J,Liu YH,Wang GM.ISSR analysis of genetic diversity of Ilex integra,an insular endemic plant[J]. Biodiversity Science,2005,13(6):546-554.
[6]冷欣,王中生,安树青,王国明,郑建伟,冯珏.岛屿地理隔离对红楠居群遗传结构的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(2):20-24.Leng X,Wang ZS,An SQ,Wang GM,Zheng JW,Feng Y. The influence of insular geographical isolation on population genetic structure of Machilus thunbergii[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition),2006,30(2):20-24.
[7]王中生,安树青,冷欣,丁方明,郑建伟,陈琳.岛屿植物舟山新木姜子居群遗传多样性的RAPD分析[J].生态学报,2004,24(3):414-422.Wang ZS,An SQ,Leng X,Ding FM,Zheng JW,Chen L.Population genetic diversity of the insular plant Neolitsea sericea based on random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(3):414-422.
[8] Fineschi S,Cozzolino S,Migliaccio M,Vendramin GG.Genetic variation of relic tree species:the case of Mediterranean Zelkova abelicea(Lam.)Boisser and Z. sicula Di Pasquale,Garfi and Quezel(Ulmaceae)[J]. For Ecol Manage,2004,197(1-3):273-278.
[9] Sanaa A,Fadhel NB. Genetic diversity in mainland and island populations of the endangered Pancratium maritimum L.(Amaryllidaceae)in Tunisia[J]. Sci Hortic,2010,125(4):740-747.
[10] Hargreaves S,Maxted N,Hirano R,Abberton M,Skt L,Ford-Llyod BV. Islands as refugia of Trifolium repens,genetic diversity[J]. Conserv Genet,2010,11(4):1317-1326.
[11] Wolf AT,Harrison SP. Effects of habitat size and patch isolation on reproductive success of the serpentine morning glory[J]. Conserv Biol,2001,15(1):111-121.
[12] Kato S,Iwata H,Tsumura Y,Mukai Y. Genetic structure of island populations of Prunus lannesiana var. speciosa revealed by chloroplast DNA,AFLP and nuclear SSR loci analyses[J]. J Plant Res,2011,124(1):11-23.
[13]王莹莹.浙江千岛湖生境片断化对苔藓植物物种及遗传多样性的影响[D].上海:华东师范大学,2011.
[14]曹同,陈怡,宋国元,于晶.上海金山岛自然保护区苔藓植物再调查[J].上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),2004,33(4):61-65.Cao T,Chen Y,Song GY,Yu J. A re-survey Bryophytes on the Jinshaan Island Nature Reserve,Shanghai[J].Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Natural Sciences),2004,33(4):61-65.
[15]师雪芹.海南霸王岭自然保护区苔类植物区系以及海南苔类植物区系与临近岛屿的关系[D].上海:华东师范大学,2006.
[16]徐波.崇明岛苔藓植物群落及生态系统多样性的研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2007.
[17]蔡锦蓉.浙江舟山嵊泗列岛苔藓植物区系及地理分布研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2017.
[18]汪琛颖,买买提明·苏来曼.新疆银叶真藓居群nr DNA ITS序列的遗传分化[J].分子植物育种,2017(4):1426-1435.Wang CY,Mamtimin Sulayman. Genetic differentiation of nr DNA ITS sequence of Bryum argenteum Hedw.(Bryaceae)populations in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding,2017(4):1426-1435.
[19]侯义龙,曹同,蔡丽娜,孙志刚,崔琳.苔藓植物DNA提取方法研究[J].广西植物,2003,23(5):425-428.Hou YL,Cao T,Cai LN,Sun ZG,Cui L. Study on extraction methods of bryophytes genomic DNA[J]. Guihaia,2003,23(5):425-428.
[20]徐梦平.缙云黄芩(Scutellaria tsinyunensis C. Y. Wu et S.Chow)及近缘种基于ITS和cpDNA序列的遗传多样性研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2016.