内蒙古中部地区石墨矿专题地质填图进展与思考
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摘要
在内蒙古中部地区开展接触变质型石墨矿1:5万专题地质填图试点工作,查明了接触变质石墨矿成矿要素和找矿标志。白云鄂博群尖山组一段炭质地层是石墨矿化的主要层位,经历低程度的区域变质作用,叠加了晚古生代岩浆活动的强烈接触变质改造,发生了大规模的石墨矿化。通过石墨矿专题地质调查,圈定了3处石墨找矿靶区,3处成矿远景区,预测远景资源储量大于2000×10~4t。不同于传统的矿产地质调查,以成矿作用为核心的专题地质调查工作,是以石墨成矿关键问题为导向,开展石墨成矿作用研究,构建成矿模型和找矿标志,从而指导矿产地质调查填图,可以快速圈定矿化异常,开展异常查证和评价,提高了找矿工作效率。
The thematic geological mapping for graphite deposits was conducted in the Xinhure area, middle of Inner Mongolia.Through this work, the essential minerogenic factors and prospecting criteria for graphite deposits were confirmed. The lower part of Jianshan Formation of the Bayan Obo Group consists of carbonaceous slate, which is the key strata of the graphite deposits. After a lower degree of regional metamorphism, it experienced thermal contact metamorphism caused by the magmatic activity in Late Paleozoic,which resulted in a large-scale graphite mineralization in this formation. According to the thematic geological mapping, the authors detected that there are 3 prospecting target areas and 3 mineralization prospective areas of graphite. The total predictive resources of the 3 targets have reached over 20 million tons. Compared with the traditional geological mapping,the thematic geological mapping is concentrated on the key geological problems of graphite metallogeny in this area, and emphasizes the important role of the pre-research on the typical deposit, which guides the thematic geological mapping from the beginning to the end. With this means, the prospecting target can be delineated quickly, and the efficiency of prospecting work can be improved.
The thematic geological mapping for graphite deposits was conducted in the Xinhure area, middle of Inner Mongolia.Through this work, the essential minerogenic factors and prospecting criteria for graphite deposits were confirmed. The lower part of Jianshan Formation of the Bayan Obo Group consists of carbonaceous slate, which is the key strata of the graphite deposits. After a lower degree of regional metamorphism, it experienced thermal contact metamorphism caused by the magmatic activity in Late Paleozoic,which resulted in a large-scale graphite mineralization in this formation. According to the thematic geological mapping, the authors detected that there are 3 prospecting target areas and 3 mineralization prospective areas of graphite. The total predictive resources of the 3 targets have reached over 20 million tons. Compared with the traditional geological mapping,the thematic geological mapping is concentrated on the key geological problems of graphite metallogeny in this area, and emphasizes the important role of the pre-research on the typical deposit, which guides the thematic geological mapping from the beginning to the end. With this means, the prospecting target can be delineated quickly, and the efficiency of prospecting work can be improved.
引文
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[18]王涛,计文化,胡建民,等.专题地质填图及有关问题讨论[J].地质通报,2016,35(5):633-641.
(1)佟万复,黄占起,熊文莹,等.内蒙古乌拉特中后旗新忽热一带1:5万区调普查报告.内蒙古自治区第一地质大队.1982.
(2)聂志勇,邵锦平,等.内蒙古乌拉特中旗角力格太地区1∶5万区域地质矿产调查报告.内蒙古有色地质矿业有限公司.2010.
(3)李煜,张俊峰,等.内蒙古自治区乌拉特中旗大乌淀矿区晶质石墨勘探报告.中国冶金地质总局内蒙古勘查院.2015.
(4)齐彦宏,连荣华,等.内蒙古自治区乌拉特中旗高勒图矿区晶质石墨矿勘探报告.核工业208大队.2015.
[2]Luque F J,Pasteris J D,Wopenka B,et al.Natural fluid-deposited graphite:mineralogical characteristics and mechanisms of formation[J].American Journal of Science,1998,298:471-498.
[3]Papineau D,De Gregorio B T,Cody G D,et al.Ancient graphite in the Eoarchean quartz-pyroxene rocks from Akilia in southern West Greenland I:Petrographic and spectroscopic characterization[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2010,74(20):5862-5883.
[4]王登红,唐菊兴,应立娟,等.西藏甲玛矿区角岩特征及其对深部找矿的意义[J].岩石学报,2011,27(7):2103-2108.
[5]彭润民,翟裕生,韩雪峰,等.内蒙古狼山造山带构造演化与成矿响应[J].岩石学报,2007,23(3):679-688.
[6]翟明国,胡波,彭澎,等.华北中—新元古代的岩浆作用与多期裂谷事件[J].地学前缘,2014,21(1):100-119.
[7]姜高珍,李以科,王安建,等.内蒙古乌拉特中旗大乌淀石墨矿成因特征分析[J],地学前缘,2017,24:1-11
[8]兰心俨.山东南墅前寒武纪含石墨建造的特征及石墨矿床的成因研究[J].长春地质学院学报,1981,3:30-42.
[9]王时麒.内蒙兴和石墨矿含矿建造特征与矿床成因[J].矿床地质,1989,8(1):85-96.
[10]Satish K M,Jaszczak J A,Hamamatsu T,et al.Relationship between structure,morphology,and carbon isotopic composition of graphite in marbles:Implications for calcite-graphite carbon isotope thermometry[J].American Mineralogist,2011,96(4):470-485.
[11]王楫,李双庆,王保良,等.狼山-白云鄂博裂谷系[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1992
[12]王玉峰,王建平,李义明,等.内蒙古浩尧尔忽洞金矿赋矿地层有机地球化学特征及成矿意义[J].矿物学报,2011,31(增刊上):405-407.
[13]罗先中,李达为,彭芳苹等.抗干扰编码电法仪的实现及应用[J].地球物理学进展,2011,29(2):944-951
[14]Crespo E,Luque J,FernáNdez-RodríGuez C,et al.Significance of graphite occurrences in the Aracena Metamorphic Belt,Iberian Massif[J].Geological Magazine,2004,141(6):687-697.
[15]Luque F J,Crespo-Feo E,Barrenechea J F,et al.Carbon isotopes of graphite:Implications on fluid history[J].Geoscience Frontiers,2012,3(2):197-207.
[16]季海章,陈衍景,赵懿英.孔达岩系与石墨矿床[J].建材地质,1990,6:9-11.
[17]陈衍景,刘丛强,陈华勇,等.中国北方石墨矿床及赋矿孔达岩系碳同位素特征及有关问题讨论[J].岩石学报,2002,16(2):233-244.
[18]王涛,计文化,胡建民,等.专题地质填图及有关问题讨论[J].地质通报,2016,35(5):633-641.
(1)佟万复,黄占起,熊文莹,等.内蒙古乌拉特中后旗新忽热一带1:5万区调普查报告.内蒙古自治区第一地质大队.1982.
(2)聂志勇,邵锦平,等.内蒙古乌拉特中旗角力格太地区1∶5万区域地质矿产调查报告.内蒙古有色地质矿业有限公司.2010.
(3)李煜,张俊峰,等.内蒙古自治区乌拉特中旗大乌淀矿区晶质石墨勘探报告.中国冶金地质总局内蒙古勘查院.2015.
(4)齐彦宏,连荣华,等.内蒙古自治区乌拉特中旗高勒图矿区晶质石墨矿勘探报告.核工业208大队.2015.