羧甲基烟叶多糖的持水性及热解产物研究
|
摘要
将烟叶多糖进行羧甲基化,并将其添加至烟丝中,开展物理持水性能测定;同时利用热裂解-气相色谱/质谱联用技术(Py-GC/MS)对烟叶多糖和羧甲基烟叶多糖的热裂解产物进行初步分析。持水性能结果为:在低湿条件下,4份样品烟丝含水率由大到小为羧甲基烟叶多糖>甘油>烟叶多糖>空白;高湿条件下,烟丝含水率由大到小为甘油>空白>烟叶多糖>羧甲基烟叶多糖。持水结果表明羧甲基烟叶多糖在高湿或低湿条件下均能减缓烟丝含水率变化;Py-GC/MS检测结果表明,烟叶多糖的裂解产物有55种,羧甲基烟叶多糖裂解产物有43种,且两种多糖均可以产生糠醛、吡啶等致香物质,与烟叶多糖的裂解产物相比,羧甲基烟叶多糖甲苯、苯酚等致癌成分产生量较少。羧甲基烟叶多糖具有较好的持水效果,且经过高温裂解后,能产生对卷烟烟气有贡献的香味物质。
The tobacco leaf polysaccharide was carboxymethylated,and added to the cut tobacco to carry out physical water retention performance measurement. At the same time,pyrolysis products of tobacco leaf polysaccharide and carboxymethyl tobacco leaf polysaccharide was carried out by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The results of water retention performance were as follows: under low humidity conditions,the moisture content of four samples of cut tobacco was carboxymethyl tobacco leaf polysaccharide > glycerol > tobacco leaf polysaccharide > blank. Under high humidity conditions,the moisture content of cut tobacco was glycerol > blank > tobacco leaf polysaccharide > carboxymethyl tobacco leaf polysaccharide.Carboxymethyl tobacco leaf polysaccharide could slow the change of cut tobacco moisture content under high humidity or low humidity conditions. The results of Py-GC/MS showed that there were 55 pyrolysis products in tobacco leaf polysaccharides and 43 pyrolysis products in carboxymethyl tobacco leaves. Both polysaccharides could produce aroma substances such as furfural and pyridine.Compared with the pyrolysis products of tobacco leaf polysaccharide,the production of carcinogenic components such as toluene and phenol from carboxymethyl tobacco leaf polysaccharides was relatively few.Carboxymethyl tobacco leaf polysaccharide had a better water holding effect,and after pyrolysis,it could produce aroma substances which contributed to cigarette smoke.
The tobacco leaf polysaccharide was carboxymethylated,and added to the cut tobacco to carry out physical water retention performance measurement. At the same time,pyrolysis products of tobacco leaf polysaccharide and carboxymethyl tobacco leaf polysaccharide was carried out by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The results of water retention performance were as follows: under low humidity conditions,the moisture content of four samples of cut tobacco was carboxymethyl tobacco leaf polysaccharide > glycerol > tobacco leaf polysaccharide > blank. Under high humidity conditions,the moisture content of cut tobacco was glycerol > blank > tobacco leaf polysaccharide > carboxymethyl tobacco leaf polysaccharide.Carboxymethyl tobacco leaf polysaccharide could slow the change of cut tobacco moisture content under high humidity or low humidity conditions. The results of Py-GC/MS showed that there were 55 pyrolysis products in tobacco leaf polysaccharides and 43 pyrolysis products in carboxymethyl tobacco leaves. Both polysaccharides could produce aroma substances such as furfural and pyridine.Compared with the pyrolysis products of tobacco leaf polysaccharide,the production of carcinogenic components such as toluene and phenol from carboxymethyl tobacco leaf polysaccharides was relatively few.Carboxymethyl tobacco leaf polysaccharide had a better water holding effect,and after pyrolysis,it could produce aroma substances which contributed to cigarette smoke.
引文
[1]董占能,白聚川,张皓东.烟草废弃物资源化[J].中国烟草科学,2008,29(1):39-42.
[2]Suh J K F,Matthew H W T.Application of chitosan-based polysaccharide biomaterials in cartilage tissue engineering:Areview[J].Biomaterials,2000,21(24):2589-2598.
[3]Wijewardane N A.Application of polysaccharide based composite film wax coating for shelf life extension of guava(var.Bangkok Giant)[J].Journal of Postharvest Technology,2013,1(1):16-21.
[4]Kelly G S.Larch arabinogalactan:Clinical relevance of a novel immune-enhancing polysaccharide[J].Alternative Medicine Review:a Journal of Clinical Therapeutic,1999,4(2):96-103.
[5]Deng H B,Cui D P,Jiang J M,et al.Inhibiting effects of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on nonenzyme glycation in D-galactose induced mouse aging model[J].Biomedical and Environmental Sciences,2003,16(3):267-275.
[6]Verraest D L,Peters J A,Batelaan J G,et al.Carboxymethylation of inulin[J].Carbohydrate Research,1995,271(1):101-112.
[7]Carmines E L,Gaworski C L.Toxicological evaluation of glycerin as a cigarette ingredient[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2005,43(10):1521-1539.
[8]刘珊,张军涛,胡军,等.裙带菜多糖的热裂解产物分析及卷烟应用研究[J].中国烟草学报,2013,19(5):10-15.
[9]黄芳芳,尹洁,严志鹏,等.铜藻多糖在烟丝中的保润性能、热裂解及其生物安全性分析[J].浙江农业学报,2017,29(5):831-839.
[10]张昌军,原方圆,邵红兵.超声波法在提取多糖类化合物中的应用研究[J].化工时刊,2007,21(2):54-56.
[11]郝博慧,杨鑫,马莺.蕨麻Sevage法脱蛋白工艺研究[J].食品工业科技,2011,32(2):254-258.
[12]鲁晓岩.硫酸-苯酚法测定北冬虫夏草多糖含量[J].食品工业科技,2002(4):69-70.
[13]孙志涛,陈芝飞,郝辉,等.羧甲基化黄芪多糖的制备及其保润性能[J].天然产物研究与开发,2016,28(9):1427-1433.
[14]烟草及烟草制品试样的制备和水分的测定-烘箱法YC/T 31-1996[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1997.
[15]Baker R R,Bishop L J.The pyrolysis of tobacco ingredients[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2004,71(1):223-311.
[16]郭振楚.糖类化学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:1-288.
[17]韦毅铭,何舟,田海芬,等.羧甲基化龙眼肉多糖制备工艺优化及其抗氧化、免疫活性[J].食品科学,2017,38(22):275-283.
[18]孙志涛,陈芝飞,郝辉,等.羧甲基化黄芪多糖的制备及其保润性能[J].天然产物研究与开发,2016,28(9):1427-1433.
[19]陶陶,贺凡,姬小明,等.响应面法优化闪式提取葫芦巴多糖及其保润性能研究[J].精细化工,2016,33(6):666-673.
[20]赵铭钦.卷烟调香学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2013:112-134.
[21]Bolognesi C,Baur X,Marczynski B,et al.Carcinogenic risk of toluene diisocyanate and 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate:Epidemiological and experimental evidence[J].Critical Reviews in Toxicology,2001,31(6):737-772.
[22]Xu D,Penning T M,Blair I A,et al.Synthesis of phenol and quinone metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene,a carcinogenic component of tobacco smoke implicated in lung cancer[J].The Journal of Organic Chemistry,2008,74(2):597-604.
[2]Suh J K F,Matthew H W T.Application of chitosan-based polysaccharide biomaterials in cartilage tissue engineering:Areview[J].Biomaterials,2000,21(24):2589-2598.
[3]Wijewardane N A.Application of polysaccharide based composite film wax coating for shelf life extension of guava(var.Bangkok Giant)[J].Journal of Postharvest Technology,2013,1(1):16-21.
[4]Kelly G S.Larch arabinogalactan:Clinical relevance of a novel immune-enhancing polysaccharide[J].Alternative Medicine Review:a Journal of Clinical Therapeutic,1999,4(2):96-103.
[5]Deng H B,Cui D P,Jiang J M,et al.Inhibiting effects of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on nonenzyme glycation in D-galactose induced mouse aging model[J].Biomedical and Environmental Sciences,2003,16(3):267-275.
[6]Verraest D L,Peters J A,Batelaan J G,et al.Carboxymethylation of inulin[J].Carbohydrate Research,1995,271(1):101-112.
[7]Carmines E L,Gaworski C L.Toxicological evaluation of glycerin as a cigarette ingredient[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2005,43(10):1521-1539.
[8]刘珊,张军涛,胡军,等.裙带菜多糖的热裂解产物分析及卷烟应用研究[J].中国烟草学报,2013,19(5):10-15.
[9]黄芳芳,尹洁,严志鹏,等.铜藻多糖在烟丝中的保润性能、热裂解及其生物安全性分析[J].浙江农业学报,2017,29(5):831-839.
[10]张昌军,原方圆,邵红兵.超声波法在提取多糖类化合物中的应用研究[J].化工时刊,2007,21(2):54-56.
[11]郝博慧,杨鑫,马莺.蕨麻Sevage法脱蛋白工艺研究[J].食品工业科技,2011,32(2):254-258.
[12]鲁晓岩.硫酸-苯酚法测定北冬虫夏草多糖含量[J].食品工业科技,2002(4):69-70.
[13]孙志涛,陈芝飞,郝辉,等.羧甲基化黄芪多糖的制备及其保润性能[J].天然产物研究与开发,2016,28(9):1427-1433.
[14]烟草及烟草制品试样的制备和水分的测定-烘箱法YC/T 31-1996[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1997.
[15]Baker R R,Bishop L J.The pyrolysis of tobacco ingredients[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2004,71(1):223-311.
[16]郭振楚.糖类化学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:1-288.
[17]韦毅铭,何舟,田海芬,等.羧甲基化龙眼肉多糖制备工艺优化及其抗氧化、免疫活性[J].食品科学,2017,38(22):275-283.
[18]孙志涛,陈芝飞,郝辉,等.羧甲基化黄芪多糖的制备及其保润性能[J].天然产物研究与开发,2016,28(9):1427-1433.
[19]陶陶,贺凡,姬小明,等.响应面法优化闪式提取葫芦巴多糖及其保润性能研究[J].精细化工,2016,33(6):666-673.
[20]赵铭钦.卷烟调香学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2013:112-134.
[21]Bolognesi C,Baur X,Marczynski B,et al.Carcinogenic risk of toluene diisocyanate and 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate:Epidemiological and experimental evidence[J].Critical Reviews in Toxicology,2001,31(6):737-772.
[22]Xu D,Penning T M,Blair I A,et al.Synthesis of phenol and quinone metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene,a carcinogenic component of tobacco smoke implicated in lung cancer[J].The Journal of Organic Chemistry,2008,74(2):597-604.