森林土壤呼吸及其主要调控因素研究进展
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摘要
随着大气CO_2浓度的升高,全球变暖的趋势日益加剧,成为全球高度关注的生态环境问题。土壤是森林生态系统最大的CO_2排放源,了解土壤呼吸的变化特征及影响机制,对于缓解全球变暖具有重要意义。森林土壤呼吸作为一个复杂的生态学过程,受人类活动、森林类型、温度、水分、土壤生物和土壤理化性质等因素的调控,特别是土壤呼吸对温度的敏感性存在时间和空间上的较大变异。综述了国内外森林土壤呼吸研究现状及发展趋势,揭示森林土壤呼吸时空变化特征、温度的敏感性及其主要影响因子(土壤温度、土壤湿度、森林植被覆盖、土壤微生物、pH值、土壤氮素、土壤磷素、施肥、森林砍伐及刀耕火种等),阐明了森林土壤呼吸的生态过程、时空变化规律及其影响机制,有助于完整、准确地理解森林在地区和全球碳循环中的地位与作用,能够为预测未来全球变化趋势提供理论支撑。
The global warming trends to be intensified with the increase of atmospheric CO_2,which has been become an important ecological environment problem worldwide.Soil is the largest source of CO_2 emission in forest ecosystem,and understanding the temporal-spatial dynamics and effecting mechanism of soil respiration is greatly significant for alleviating the global warming.As a complex biological process,soil respiration is affected by human activities,vegetation type,temperature,moisture,soil organisms and soil physicalchemical properties.Especially,soil respiration is sensitive to temperature with a large variation in space and time.The authors summarized the situations of soil respiration and its developing trend at home and abroad.It revealed the spatiotemporal variation of forest soil respiration,its temperature sensitivity and its influencing factors(e.g.,temperature,moisture,vegetation,microorganisms,pH,nitrogen,phosphorus of soils,fertilization,deforestation and plantation).The ecological process,space-time variation and influence mechanism of forest soil respiration were expounded,which would help to understand the position and role of forest ecosystem in the global carbon cycle,and to provide theoretical support in predicting future trend of global change.
The global warming trends to be intensified with the increase of atmospheric CO_2,which has been become an important ecological environment problem worldwide.Soil is the largest source of CO_2 emission in forest ecosystem,and understanding the temporal-spatial dynamics and effecting mechanism of soil respiration is greatly significant for alleviating the global warming.As a complex biological process,soil respiration is affected by human activities,vegetation type,temperature,moisture,soil organisms and soil physicalchemical properties.Especially,soil respiration is sensitive to temperature with a large variation in space and time.The authors summarized the situations of soil respiration and its developing trend at home and abroad.It revealed the spatiotemporal variation of forest soil respiration,its temperature sensitivity and its influencing factors(e.g.,temperature,moisture,vegetation,microorganisms,pH,nitrogen,phosphorus of soils,fertilization,deforestation and plantation).The ecological process,space-time variation and influence mechanism of forest soil respiration were expounded,which would help to understand the position and role of forest ecosystem in the global carbon cycle,and to provide theoretical support in predicting future trend of global change.
引文
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[16]王小国.不同退化程度森林土壤呼吸与碳平衡[D].福州:福建农林大学,2004.
[17]杨庆朋,徐明,刘洪升,等.土壤呼吸温度敏感性的影响因素和不确定性[J].生态学报,2011,31(8):2301-2311.
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[20]KUTSCH W L,KAPPENL.Aspects of carbon and nitrogen cycling in soils of the Bornhoved lake district II.Modeling the influence of temperature increase on soil repiration and organic carbon content in arable soils under different managements[J].Biogeochemistry,1997,39:207-224
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[22]FANG C,MONCRIEFF J B.A model for soil CO2production and transport:model development[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,1999,95(4):225-236.
[23]赵吉霞,王邵军,陈奇伯,等.滇中高原云南松幼林和成熟林土壤呼吸及主要影响因子分析[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2014,38(3):71-76.ZHAO J X,WANG S J,CHEN Q B,et al.Soil respiration and its affecting factors in young and mature forests of Pinus yunnanensinin middle Yunnan plateau,China[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Sciences Edition,2014,38(3):71-76.(in Chinese)
[24]DILUSTOR J J,COLLINS B,DUNCAN L,et al.Moisture and soil texture effects on Soil CO2 efflux components in southeaster mixed pine forests[J].Forests and Management,2005,204(1):87-97.
[25]LUO Y Q,ZHOU X H.土壤呼吸与环境[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007.
[26]王铭.松嫩平原西部盐碱化生态系统土壤呼吸特征及土壤CO2无机通量研究[D].长春:中国科学院研究生院(东北地理与农业生态研究所),2014.
[27]陈书涛,刘巧辉,胡正华,等.不同土地利用方式下土壤呼吸空间变异的影响因素[J].环境科学,2013,34(3):1017-1025.
[28]SCHIMEL D S,BRASWELL B H,HOLLAND E A.Climatic,edaphic and biotic controls over storage and turnover of carbon in soils[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,1994,8(3):279-293.
[29]MUKESH J,JOSHI M.Patterns of soil respiration in a temperature grassland of Kumaun Himalaya India[J].J.Trop.For.Sci.,1995,8(2):185-195.
[30]林力涛,孙学凯.氮添加对沙质草地土壤呼吸及其温度敏感性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(6):1614-1621.
[31]杨玉盛,陈光水,谢锦升,等.格氏栲天然林与人工林土壤异养呼吸特性及动态[J].土壤学报,2006,43(1):53-61.
[32]赵吉霞,王邵军,陈奇伯,等.滇中高原云南松天然林和人工林土壤呼吸特征的比较[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015(1):96-103.ZHAO J X,WANG S J,CHEN Q B,et al.Study on soil respiration under natural and artificial forests of Pinus yunnanensis in middle Yunnan plateau,China[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,2015(1):96-103.(in Chinese)
[33]赵吉霞,王邵军,陈奇伯,等.滇中云南松林土壤呼吸季节动态及其影响因子研究[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(3):8-13.ZHAO J X,WANG S J,CHEN Q B,et al.Soil respiation and its affecting factors of Pinus yunnanensis in the middle regions of Yunnan[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2015,30(3):8-13.(in Chinese)
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