福建省专利密度时间演变与空间分布特征研究
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摘要
通过2008—2016年福建省各市三类专利申请量的统计,从地区专利密度的内涵出发,构建了专利密度指数评价指标体系。根据9个地级市的数据计算其不同类型专利密度指数,分析了近年来福建省各地区不同类型专利密度时间演化和空间分布特征,以期为优化福建省科技力量布局和提升技术创新能力提供决策依据。分析结果表明:从时间上看,2008—2016年期间福建省的发明和实用新型专利密度呈持续上升态势,且增速逐步增加,但各地级市之间差距扩大;外观设计专利密度变化趋势不稳定,呈现出先降后升的态势,并且增速放缓,两极化倾向严重。从空间分布上看,厦门和泉州整体专利密度水平较高,其余地区在不同类型专利密度水平上排名各有先后。
Based on the statistics of three types of patent applications in Fujian Province from 2008 to 2016, a patent density measurement model was constructed based on the regional gross output value and employment index, according to the connotation of regional patent density. The temporal evolution and spatial distribution of different types of patent density in various regions of Fujian Province were analyzed by using the data of nine prefecture-level cities, in order to optimize the distribution of science and technology in Fujian Province, and improve the ability of technological innovation decision-making. The results show that in the period of 2008-2016, the patent density of invention and utility model in Fujian Province is increasing continuously, and the growth rate is increasing gradually, but the gap between prefecture-level cities and cities is widening. The change trend of design patent density is unstable, showing the trend of decreasing at first and then rising, and the growth rate is slowing down, and the polarization tendency is serious. In terms of spatial distribution, Xiamen and Quanzhou have higher overall patent density, and other regions are ranked successively at different types of patent density levels.
Based on the statistics of three types of patent applications in Fujian Province from 2008 to 2016, a patent density measurement model was constructed based on the regional gross output value and employment index, according to the connotation of regional patent density. The temporal evolution and spatial distribution of different types of patent density in various regions of Fujian Province were analyzed by using the data of nine prefecture-level cities, in order to optimize the distribution of science and technology in Fujian Province, and improve the ability of technological innovation decision-making. The results show that in the period of 2008-2016, the patent density of invention and utility model in Fujian Province is increasing continuously, and the growth rate is increasing gradually, but the gap between prefecture-level cities and cities is widening. The change trend of design patent density is unstable, showing the trend of decreasing at first and then rising, and the growth rate is slowing down, and the polarization tendency is serious. In terms of spatial distribution, Xiamen and Quanzhou have higher overall patent density, and other regions are ranked successively at different types of patent density levels.
引文
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[2]Daniel Coronado Guerrero,Manuel Acosta Sero.Spatial distribution of patents in spain:Determining factors and consequences on regional development[J].Regional Studies,1997,31(4):381-390.
[3]Cani?ls,Marjolein C J.The Geographic Distribution of Patents and Value Added Across European[C]// Maastricht University,Maastricht Economic Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT),1998:167-180.
[4]Acs Z J,Anselin L,Varga A.Patents and innovation counts as measures of regional production of new knowledge[J].Research Policy,2002,31(7):1069-1085.
[5]Carmela Martín,Carlos Mulas-Granados,Ismael Sanz.Spatial distribution of R&D expenditure and patent applications across EU regions and its impact on economic cohesion[J].Investigaciones Regionales,2005(6):41-61.
[6]Gerald A.Carlino,Satyajit Chatterjee,Robert M.Hunt.Urban density and the rate of invention[J].Journal of Urban Economics,2006,61(3):389-419.
[7]刘凤朝,潘雄锋.我国八大经济区专利结构分布及其变动模式研究[J].中国软科学,2005(6):96-100.
[8]吕淑仪.广东省专利结构分布及其区域变动模型研究[J].情报杂志,2009,28(3):62-65.
[9]陈晶,陈宁.我国专利分布的空间特征与区域创新能力影响因素分析[J].中国科学技术大学学报,2012,42(3):252-258.
[10]许治,范洁凭.我国校企联合申请有效专利分布特征研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2012,33(1):99-105.
[11]王磊,董颖,白晶.P2P技术专利分布趋势分析[J].情报科学,2014,32(1):80-84.
[12]孙玮,孙全亮,陈燕.地区专利密度及其分布的时空演化特征——基于东北地区城市数据的实证分析[J].技术经济,2014,33(8):42-47.
[13]曾鹏,赵聪.中国三种类型专利密度分布时空差异研究[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(21):117-125.