运动干扰站的SAR-GMTI余弦调相转发干扰
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摘要
针对多通道合成孔径雷达地面动目标显示SAR—GMTI提出一种基于运动干扰站的余弦调相转发干扰方法。该方法利用运动干扰站转发式干扰的成像特性实现方位向扩展,利用余弦调相信号特性实现距离向扩展,将二者有机结合,可同时实现干扰目标在方位向和距离向的2维扩展。以三通道干涉对消技术为例分析了其对GMTI的对抗性能,理论分析和仿真实验表明:该方法对SAR和SAR-GMTI均可产生灵活可控的2维条带状或面状遮盖干扰效果,但由于多通道GMTI对干扰的抑制和对消,干扰目标幅度受正弦调制系数影响将出现增强或削弱。
Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) is an all-day,all-weather high-resolution senor that has been widely used in civilian mapping,military investigation,and strategic reconnaissance.Ground Moving Target Indication(GMTI) can detect and track moving targets,and obtain their moving information,which has been an important application of SAR for ground moving target detection and imagery.SAR,which has GMTI capability,can obtain focused stationary target images and moving target information at the same time,and form a more detailed battlefield map.Thus,it has increasingly become an important part of battlefield surveillance and strategic reconnaissance systems.Jamming technology research against SAR-GMTI has been an issue in the area of electronic countermeasures because of the growing threat of SAR-GMTI systems to important military moving targets.SAR-GMTI systems typically use multiple channels to suppress cluttering and jamming.Thus,traditional jamming methods for SAR are usually invalid for SAR-GMTI systems.In this paper,a new jamming method for multi-channel SAR-GMTI is proposed;this method is cosinusoidal phase-modulated repeater jamming based on a moving jamming station.First,the imaging feature of repeater jamming of a moving jamming station is analyzed by the principle of stationary phase and is used to realize azimuth jamming extension.At the same time,the cosinusoidal phase-modulated signal model is proposed and used to realize range jamming extension,thereby enabling their combination to realize two dimension jamming extension in range and azimuth.Second,the jamming performance of the proposed method for SAR is analyzed thoroughly,and the relationship between jamming parameters and performance is obtained.Then,the countering performance against SAR-GMTI is analyzed by using the cancelling technique of tri-channel interference,and the cancelling output expression of the final interference is derived.Finally,the simulation experiment and application example are presented.Computer simulation and theoretical analysis show that the method can produce flexible and controlled two dimension banded or planar-covering jamming performance for SAR and SAR-GMTI.Moreover,because of interference suppression and cancellation of multichannel GMTI,the amplitude of false targets is affected by sinusoidal modulation coefficient,thereby revealing enhanced and weakened areas.The proposed method is simple,flexible,and controllable.Compared with the deceptive jamming method,its dependence on reconnaissance is lower;and compared with the traditional barrage jamming method,its jamming signal power requirement is lower because of the high two dimension coherent processing gain.The method can protect stationary and moving ground targets at the same time,thereby effectively strengthening the countering performance for multi-channel SAR-GMTI systems.Moreover,the method has important military application value.
Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) is an all-day,all-weather high-resolution senor that has been widely used in civilian mapping,military investigation,and strategic reconnaissance.Ground Moving Target Indication(GMTI) can detect and track moving targets,and obtain their moving information,which has been an important application of SAR for ground moving target detection and imagery.SAR,which has GMTI capability,can obtain focused stationary target images and moving target information at the same time,and form a more detailed battlefield map.Thus,it has increasingly become an important part of battlefield surveillance and strategic reconnaissance systems.Jamming technology research against SAR-GMTI has been an issue in the area of electronic countermeasures because of the growing threat of SAR-GMTI systems to important military moving targets.SAR-GMTI systems typically use multiple channels to suppress cluttering and jamming.Thus,traditional jamming methods for SAR are usually invalid for SAR-GMTI systems.In this paper,a new jamming method for multi-channel SAR-GMTI is proposed;this method is cosinusoidal phase-modulated repeater jamming based on a moving jamming station.First,the imaging feature of repeater jamming of a moving jamming station is analyzed by the principle of stationary phase and is used to realize azimuth jamming extension.At the same time,the cosinusoidal phase-modulated signal model is proposed and used to realize range jamming extension,thereby enabling their combination to realize two dimension jamming extension in range and azimuth.Second,the jamming performance of the proposed method for SAR is analyzed thoroughly,and the relationship between jamming parameters and performance is obtained.Then,the countering performance against SAR-GMTI is analyzed by using the cancelling technique of tri-channel interference,and the cancelling output expression of the final interference is derived.Finally,the simulation experiment and application example are presented.Computer simulation and theoretical analysis show that the method can produce flexible and controlled two dimension banded or planar-covering jamming performance for SAR and SAR-GMTI.Moreover,because of interference suppression and cancellation of multichannel GMTI,the amplitude of false targets is affected by sinusoidal modulation coefficient,thereby revealing enhanced and weakened areas.The proposed method is simple,flexible,and controllable.Compared with the deceptive jamming method,its dependence on reconnaissance is lower;and compared with the traditional barrage jamming method,its jamming signal power requirement is lower because of the high two dimension coherent processing gain.The method can protect stationary and moving ground targets at the same time,thereby effectively strengthening the countering performance for multi-channel SAR-GMTI systems.Moreover,the method has important military application value.
引文
Chen S W.Dai DH,LiYZ and Wang X S.2009.The theory of 2-D cosinusoidal phase-modulated repeater scatter-wave jamming to SAR.Acta Electronica Sinica.37(12):2620-2625(陈思伟,代大海,李永祯,王雪松.2009.SAR 2维余弦调相转发散射波干扰原理.电子学报,37(12):2620-2625)
Cumming I G and Wong F H.2005.Digital Processing of Synthetic Aperture Radar Data:Algorithms and Implementation.Boston:Artech House
Huang L,Dong C X and Zhao G Q.2014.Investigation on countermeasure against SAR dual-channel cancellation technique with multi-jammers.Journal of Electronics and Information Technology,34(4):903-907(黄龙,董春曦,赵国庆.2014.利用多干扰机对抗SAR双通道干扰对消技术的研究.电子与信息学报,34(4):903 907)[DOI:10.3724,SP.J.1146.2013.00887]
Huang L,Dong C X,Shcn Z B and Zhao G Q.2015.The influence of rebound jamming on SAR GMTI.IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.12(2):399-403[DOI:10.1109/LGRS.2014.2345091]
Jia X.Ye W.Wu Y H and Wang H Y.2014.Electronic Countermeasure Technology to Synthetic Aperture Radar.Beijing:National Defense Industry Press:175-185(贾鑫,叶伟,吴彦鸿,王宏艳.2014.合成孔径雷达对抗技术.北京:国防工业出版社:175-185)
Li W,Liang D N and Dong Z.2006.SAR jamming technique based on deceptive moving target.Journal of Remote Sensing,10(1):71-75(李伟.梁甸农,董臻.2006.基于期骗式动目标的SAR干扰技术研究.遥感学报,10(1):71-75)
Sjgren T K,Vu V T,Pettersson M I,Wang F.Murdin D J G.Gustavsson A and Ulander L M H.2014.Suppression of clutter in multichannel SAR GMTI.IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.52(7):4005-4013[DOI:10.1 109/TGRS.2013.2278701]
Sun G C,Zhou F and Xing M D.2010.New passive barrage jamming method for SAR-GMTI.Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics.32(1):39 44(孙光才,周峰,邢孟道.2010.一种SARGMTI的无源压制性干扰方法.系统工程与电子技,32(1):39-44)
Tang B.2008.Effect of jammer motion on two channels cancellation in InSAR EW.Infrared and Laser Engineering,37(Supplement):719-722(唐波.2008.干扰机运动对InSAR双通道抑制的影响.红外与激光工程,37(增刊):719-722)
Tang B.2009.Effect of jammer motion on SAR dual-channel cancellation in azimuth.Radar Science and Technology,7(1):40-45(唐波.2009.干扰机运动对SAR方位双通道抑制的影响.雷达科学与技术,7(1):40-45)
Tian X F and Fang G Y.2010.Jamming technique against synthetic aperture radar based on moving station.Acta Armamentarii,31(1):27-31(田贤峰,方广有.2010.基于移动干扰站的合成孔径雷达干扰研究.兵工学报,31(1):27-31)
Wu X F,Wang X S and Liang J X.2012a.Modulation jamming method for high-vivid false uniformly-moving targets against SARGMTI.Journal of Astronautics,33(10):1472-1479(吴晓芳,王雪松,梁景修.2012a.SAR-GMTI高逼真匀速运动假目标调制干扰方法.宇航学报,33(10):1472-1479)[DOI:10.3873/j.issn.1000-1328.2012.10.016]
Wu X F,Liang J X,Wang X S and Jiao X.2012b.Modulation jamming method of active false uniformly-accelerating targets against SAR-GMTI.Journal of Astronautics,33(6):761-768(吴晓芳,梁景修,王雪松,焦逊.2012b.SAR-GMTI匀加速运动假目标有源调制干扰方法.宇航学报,33(6):761-768)
Zhang H S.2006.The Study of Ground Moving Target Detection and Imaging for Airborne SAR.Beijing:Institute of Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences:1-5(张焕胜.2006.机载SAR地面运动口标检测与成像技术研究.北京:中国科学院电子学研究所:1-5)
Zhang J K,Dai D H,Xing S Q,Wang X S and Xiao S P.2015.Analysis of jamming effect on intermittent sampling repeater jamming to CRPJ-SAR.System Engineering and Electronics,37(5):1029-1034(张静克,代大海,邢世其,王雪松,肖顺平.2015.对凋频斜率极性捷变SAR间歇采样转发干扰效果分析.系统工程与电子技术,37(5):1029-1034)[DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-506X.2015.05.08]
Zhang S X,Xing M D,Xia X G,Guo R,Liu Y Y and Bao Z.2015.Robust clutter suppression and moving target imaging approach for multichannel in azimuth high-resolution and wide-swath synthetic aperture radar.IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,53(2):687-709[DOI:10.1109/TGRS.2014.2327031]
Zhu J,Lian K,He X D,Tang B and Wang J.2013.2-D frequency-shift suppressed jamming to SAR based on moving jammer.Telecommunication Engineering,53(4):383-388(祝俊,连可,和小冬,唐斌,王军.2013.基于运动干扰机的合成孔径雷达2维移频压制干扰.电讯技术,53(4):383-388)[DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-893x.2013.04.003]
Cumming I G and Wong F H.2005.Digital Processing of Synthetic Aperture Radar Data:Algorithms and Implementation.Boston:Artech House
Huang L,Dong C X and Zhao G Q.2014.Investigation on countermeasure against SAR dual-channel cancellation technique with multi-jammers.Journal of Electronics and Information Technology,34(4):903-907(黄龙,董春曦,赵国庆.2014.利用多干扰机对抗SAR双通道干扰对消技术的研究.电子与信息学报,34(4):903 907)[DOI:10.3724,SP.J.1146.2013.00887]
Huang L,Dong C X,Shcn Z B and Zhao G Q.2015.The influence of rebound jamming on SAR GMTI.IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.12(2):399-403[DOI:10.1109/LGRS.2014.2345091]
Jia X.Ye W.Wu Y H and Wang H Y.2014.Electronic Countermeasure Technology to Synthetic Aperture Radar.Beijing:National Defense Industry Press:175-185(贾鑫,叶伟,吴彦鸿,王宏艳.2014.合成孔径雷达对抗技术.北京:国防工业出版社:175-185)
Li W,Liang D N and Dong Z.2006.SAR jamming technique based on deceptive moving target.Journal of Remote Sensing,10(1):71-75(李伟.梁甸农,董臻.2006.基于期骗式动目标的SAR干扰技术研究.遥感学报,10(1):71-75)
Sjgren T K,Vu V T,Pettersson M I,Wang F.Murdin D J G.Gustavsson A and Ulander L M H.2014.Suppression of clutter in multichannel SAR GMTI.IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.52(7):4005-4013[DOI:10.1 109/TGRS.2013.2278701]
Sun G C,Zhou F and Xing M D.2010.New passive barrage jamming method for SAR-GMTI.Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics.32(1):39 44(孙光才,周峰,邢孟道.2010.一种SARGMTI的无源压制性干扰方法.系统工程与电子技,32(1):39-44)
Tang B.2008.Effect of jammer motion on two channels cancellation in InSAR EW.Infrared and Laser Engineering,37(Supplement):719-722(唐波.2008.干扰机运动对InSAR双通道抑制的影响.红外与激光工程,37(增刊):719-722)
Tang B.2009.Effect of jammer motion on SAR dual-channel cancellation in azimuth.Radar Science and Technology,7(1):40-45(唐波.2009.干扰机运动对SAR方位双通道抑制的影响.雷达科学与技术,7(1):40-45)
Tian X F and Fang G Y.2010.Jamming technique against synthetic aperture radar based on moving station.Acta Armamentarii,31(1):27-31(田贤峰,方广有.2010.基于移动干扰站的合成孔径雷达干扰研究.兵工学报,31(1):27-31)
Wu X F,Wang X S and Liang J X.2012a.Modulation jamming method for high-vivid false uniformly-moving targets against SARGMTI.Journal of Astronautics,33(10):1472-1479(吴晓芳,王雪松,梁景修.2012a.SAR-GMTI高逼真匀速运动假目标调制干扰方法.宇航学报,33(10):1472-1479)[DOI:10.3873/j.issn.1000-1328.2012.10.016]
Wu X F,Liang J X,Wang X S and Jiao X.2012b.Modulation jamming method of active false uniformly-accelerating targets against SAR-GMTI.Journal of Astronautics,33(6):761-768(吴晓芳,梁景修,王雪松,焦逊.2012b.SAR-GMTI匀加速运动假目标有源调制干扰方法.宇航学报,33(6):761-768)
Zhang H S.2006.The Study of Ground Moving Target Detection and Imaging for Airborne SAR.Beijing:Institute of Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences:1-5(张焕胜.2006.机载SAR地面运动口标检测与成像技术研究.北京:中国科学院电子学研究所:1-5)
Zhang J K,Dai D H,Xing S Q,Wang X S and Xiao S P.2015.Analysis of jamming effect on intermittent sampling repeater jamming to CRPJ-SAR.System Engineering and Electronics,37(5):1029-1034(张静克,代大海,邢世其,王雪松,肖顺平.2015.对凋频斜率极性捷变SAR间歇采样转发干扰效果分析.系统工程与电子技术,37(5):1029-1034)[DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-506X.2015.05.08]
Zhang S X,Xing M D,Xia X G,Guo R,Liu Y Y and Bao Z.2015.Robust clutter suppression and moving target imaging approach for multichannel in azimuth high-resolution and wide-swath synthetic aperture radar.IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,53(2):687-709[DOI:10.1109/TGRS.2014.2327031]
Zhu J,Lian K,He X D,Tang B and Wang J.2013.2-D frequency-shift suppressed jamming to SAR based on moving jammer.Telecommunication Engineering,53(4):383-388(祝俊,连可,和小冬,唐斌,王军.2013.基于运动干扰机的合成孔径雷达2维移频压制干扰.电讯技术,53(4):383-388)[DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-893x.2013.04.003]