不同音乐类型对奶牛泌乳及神经内分泌系统的影响
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摘要
为探讨不同音乐对奶牛泌乳及神经内分泌系统的影响,选用产奶量、年龄、胎次及泌乳期相近的荷斯坦泌乳牛64头,随机分成4组(莫扎特音乐组、轻音乐组、创作音乐组和对照组),每组16头。试验组早、中、晚3次给料时间各播放音乐2h,对照组常规饲喂。正试期当天起(0d),每隔20d分别测定四个试验组奶牛单产并采集血样1次。预试期7d,正试期60d。结果表明:试验第20天,轻音乐组、莫扎特音乐组奶牛产奶量均高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验第20天及全期,轻音乐组、莫扎特音乐组和创作音乐组奶牛血液中谷氨酸(Glutamate,Glu)含量均较对照组低(P<0.05)。试验第20天,莫扎特音乐组奶牛血液中GABA含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);莫扎特音乐组和创作音乐组奶牛血液中乙酰胆碱(Acetylcholine,Ach)含量较对照组高(P<0.05);莫扎特音乐组奶牛血清中皮质醇含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验第40天,轻音乐组奶牛血液中生长激素含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验0~60d,莫扎特音乐组和创作音乐组奶牛血清中瘦素(Leptin,LEP)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究结果显示,轻音乐和莫扎特音乐均有促进奶牛泌乳的趋势,可提高奶牛中枢神经兴奋性,调控生长激素、皮质醇、瘦素的分泌。
In order to explore the influence of Mozart's music,light music and original music on lactation and immune function of dairy cows,sixty-four healthy Holstein dairy cows with similar milk yield,age,parity and lactation were randomly divided into four treatments,Mozart music group,light music group,music group and the control group,16 cows in each treatment.Music was played 3 times during early,middle and late feeding time for 2 hin experimental group.While the control was fed in conventional way.During positive test period(0 d),the milk yield and blood samples were collected once every 20 days.Pre-test lasted 7 d,formal test 60 d.The results showed that in 20 d,light music group,milk production of Mozart music group and light music group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).In 20 d and the whole period,the Glu concentration in the blood of light music group,Mozart music group and original music group was lower than the control group(P<0.05).In 20 d,that of the Mozart music group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).In 20 d,the Ach content in the blood of Mozart music group and original music group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).In 20 d,Mozart music group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).The content of GH in the blood of the light music group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05)in 40 d.From 0 to 60 d,the content of LEP in the blood of Mozart music group and original music group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).In summary,light music,Mozart music have a tendency to promote lactation of dairy cows,improve the excitability of the central nervous system of dairy cows,regulate the secretion of GH,COR and LEP by promoting the secretion of GABA,Ach and inhibiting Glu,relieve stress,increase appetite,promote feed intake,and improve the performance of lactating dairy cows.
In order to explore the influence of Mozart's music,light music and original music on lactation and immune function of dairy cows,sixty-four healthy Holstein dairy cows with similar milk yield,age,parity and lactation were randomly divided into four treatments,Mozart music group,light music group,music group and the control group,16 cows in each treatment.Music was played 3 times during early,middle and late feeding time for 2 hin experimental group.While the control was fed in conventional way.During positive test period(0 d),the milk yield and blood samples were collected once every 20 days.Pre-test lasted 7 d,formal test 60 d.The results showed that in 20 d,light music group,milk production of Mozart music group and light music group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).In 20 d and the whole period,the Glu concentration in the blood of light music group,Mozart music group and original music group was lower than the control group(P<0.05).In 20 d,that of the Mozart music group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).In 20 d,the Ach content in the blood of Mozart music group and original music group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).In 20 d,Mozart music group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).The content of GH in the blood of the light music group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05)in 40 d.From 0 to 60 d,the content of LEP in the blood of Mozart music group and original music group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).In summary,light music,Mozart music have a tendency to promote lactation of dairy cows,improve the excitability of the central nervous system of dairy cows,regulate the secretion of GH,COR and LEP by promoting the secretion of GABA,Ach and inhibiting Glu,relieve stress,increase appetite,promote feed intake,and improve the performance of lactating dairy cows.
引文
[1]刘佳佳,易海波,余雄.轻音乐对奶牛产奶量及血液激素水平的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(10):181-184.
[2]王思琦.当代语境中“时代曲”、“抒情歌曲”、“轻音乐”概念的使用与分析[J].天津音乐学院学报,2006,(2):52-63.
[3]刘佳佳,张宝刚,余雄.不同类型音乐对奶牛产奶量的影响及其作用机理[J].家畜生态学报,2015,36(12):42-47.
[4]刘佳佳,文佳军,余雄,等.不同音乐对奶牛产奶性能影响的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(2):28-33.
[5]刘佳佳,张宝刚,余雄,等.民族音乐对奶牛产奶量及血液激素水平的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2015,43(6):132-134.
[6]刘佳佳,易海波,余雄.外界因素对奶牛产奶性能影响的研究[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(12):2 279-2 283.
[7]朱婷.海顿和莫扎特钢琴奏鸣曲音乐风格比较[J].湖南工业大学学报(社会科学版),2009,14(4):150-152.
[8]郑蔚,赵日霞,刘海静.针刺结合音乐疗法对焦虑模型大鼠海马Glu/GABA兴奋/抑制平衡系统的影响[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2016,25(9):917-919.
[9]卢受强,蒋仁晶,林泉,等.Graves病患者血清谷氨酸、谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体含量与精神病性症状的关系[J].河北医药,2014,36(11):1 675-1 676.
[10]殷宗俊,李义刚,张伟力,等.音乐刺激对断奶仔猪行为和生长的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2000,21(3):21-23.
[11]叶惟泠.γ-氨基丁酸的发现史[J].生理科学进展,1986,17(2):187-189.
[12]王晓亚,王增贤,王怀经,等.音乐对大鼠海马GABAA受体表达的作用[J].中国行为医学科学,2006,15(1):17-19.
[13]邢艺凡.音乐疗法的文献研究[D].北京:北京中医药大学,2008.
[14]韩济生.神经科学纲要[M].北京:北京医科大学,中国协和医科大学联合出版社,1993,55-98.
[15]谢启文.现代神经内分泌学[M].上海:上海医科大学出版社,1999,84-156.
[16]张童非,崔英俊,李庆章.IGF-1在奶牛乳腺的表达及其对乳腺上皮细胞泌乳功能的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2012,39(5):126-129.
[17]TUCKER H A,张英来,译.对41年来激素、乳腺生长和泌乳研究综述(中)[J].乳业科学与技术,2012(2):17-18.
[18]王春艳.瘦素对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞乳蛋白合成的调控作用研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2012.
[19]刘琳.不同音乐节奏的健美操对超重女大学生血清瘦素、瘦素蛋白表达的影响[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2014,33(4):77-80.
[20]许裢萍.痩素与阿勒泰羔羊体脂代谢和性成熟相关性研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2008:4-5.
[2]王思琦.当代语境中“时代曲”、“抒情歌曲”、“轻音乐”概念的使用与分析[J].天津音乐学院学报,2006,(2):52-63.
[3]刘佳佳,张宝刚,余雄.不同类型音乐对奶牛产奶量的影响及其作用机理[J].家畜生态学报,2015,36(12):42-47.
[4]刘佳佳,文佳军,余雄,等.不同音乐对奶牛产奶性能影响的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(2):28-33.
[5]刘佳佳,张宝刚,余雄,等.民族音乐对奶牛产奶量及血液激素水平的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2015,43(6):132-134.
[6]刘佳佳,易海波,余雄.外界因素对奶牛产奶性能影响的研究[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(12):2 279-2 283.
[7]朱婷.海顿和莫扎特钢琴奏鸣曲音乐风格比较[J].湖南工业大学学报(社会科学版),2009,14(4):150-152.
[8]郑蔚,赵日霞,刘海静.针刺结合音乐疗法对焦虑模型大鼠海马Glu/GABA兴奋/抑制平衡系统的影响[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2016,25(9):917-919.
[9]卢受强,蒋仁晶,林泉,等.Graves病患者血清谷氨酸、谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体含量与精神病性症状的关系[J].河北医药,2014,36(11):1 675-1 676.
[10]殷宗俊,李义刚,张伟力,等.音乐刺激对断奶仔猪行为和生长的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2000,21(3):21-23.
[11]叶惟泠.γ-氨基丁酸的发现史[J].生理科学进展,1986,17(2):187-189.
[12]王晓亚,王增贤,王怀经,等.音乐对大鼠海马GABAA受体表达的作用[J].中国行为医学科学,2006,15(1):17-19.
[13]邢艺凡.音乐疗法的文献研究[D].北京:北京中医药大学,2008.
[14]韩济生.神经科学纲要[M].北京:北京医科大学,中国协和医科大学联合出版社,1993,55-98.
[15]谢启文.现代神经内分泌学[M].上海:上海医科大学出版社,1999,84-156.
[16]张童非,崔英俊,李庆章.IGF-1在奶牛乳腺的表达及其对乳腺上皮细胞泌乳功能的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2012,39(5):126-129.
[17]TUCKER H A,张英来,译.对41年来激素、乳腺生长和泌乳研究综述(中)[J].乳业科学与技术,2012(2):17-18.
[18]王春艳.瘦素对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞乳蛋白合成的调控作用研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2012.
[19]刘琳.不同音乐节奏的健美操对超重女大学生血清瘦素、瘦素蛋白表达的影响[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2014,33(4):77-80.
[20]许裢萍.痩素与阿勒泰羔羊体脂代谢和性成熟相关性研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2008:4-5.