基于光电/光热一体化的太阳能热泵性能分析
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摘要
建立了光电/光热一体化(PV/T)太阳能热泵的数学模型,利用直膨式太阳能热泵实验中获得的数据对模型进行校核,结果显示,模型的计算误差在5%左右。据计算可知,在太阳辐射良好的情况下,PV/T太阳能热泵的COP可达到5以上。在不同的辐射强度下,比较PV/T太阳能热泵与直膨式太阳能热泵的性能,随着太阳辐射强度的提高,系统COP随之提高,热电综合COP平均为7.4,高于直膨式太阳能热泵的COP。结果显示,PV/T太阳能热泵有利于降低系统的能耗,提高光伏组件的光电转化效率,较直膨式太阳能热泵更具节能优势。
Solar photovoltaic/thermal integrated heat pump(PV/T-HP)is expected to realize comprehensive utilization of photovoltaics and thermal.To analyze the performance of PV/T-HP,mathematical models of PV/T evaporator,compressor,water tank and thermal expansion valve are established respectively and linked to form a complete thermodynamic cycle based on energy conservation,mass conservation equation.Simulation is carried out through MATLAB.The model accuracy is validated through direct expansion solar assisted heat pump(DXSHAP)experiments.The result shows that the simulation error is about 5%,which is acceptable.Comparing the performance of PV/T-HP and DX-SHAP,with the rise in solar radiation intensity,COP both increases.With high solar radiation intensity,COP of PV/T-HP can be more than 5.The comprehensive COP of PV/T-HP is7.4on average,which is higher than that of DX-SHAP.The result shows that,PV/T-HP is conductive to reduce energy consumption of the system and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules,so it has more benefit on energy-saving.
Solar photovoltaic/thermal integrated heat pump(PV/T-HP)is expected to realize comprehensive utilization of photovoltaics and thermal.To analyze the performance of PV/T-HP,mathematical models of PV/T evaporator,compressor,water tank and thermal expansion valve are established respectively and linked to form a complete thermodynamic cycle based on energy conservation,mass conservation equation.Simulation is carried out through MATLAB.The model accuracy is validated through direct expansion solar assisted heat pump(DXSHAP)experiments.The result shows that the simulation error is about 5%,which is acceptable.Comparing the performance of PV/T-HP and DX-SHAP,with the rise in solar radiation intensity,COP both increases.With high solar radiation intensity,COP of PV/T-HP can be more than 5.The comprehensive COP of PV/T-HP is7.4on average,which is higher than that of DX-SHAP.The result shows that,PV/T-HP is conductive to reduce energy consumption of the system and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules,so it has more benefit on energy-saving.
引文
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[19]LEE B,LIU J Z,SUN B,et al.Thermally conductive and electrically insulating EVA composite encapsulants for solar photovoltaic(PV)cell[J].Express Polymer Letters,2008,2(5):357-363.
[20]SUN X L,WU J Y,DAI Y J,et al.Experimental study on roll-bond collector/evaporator with optimized-channel used in direct expansion solar assisted heat pump water heating system[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2014,66(1/2):571-579.
[2]BERGENE T,LVVIK O M.Model calculations on a flatplate solar heat collector with integrated solar cells[J].Solar Energy,1995,55(6):453-462.
[3]TAKASHIMA T,TANAKA T,DOI T,et al.New proposal for photovoltaic-thermal solar energy utilization method[J].Solar Energy,1994,52(3):241-245.
[4]季杰,程洪波,何伟,等.太阳能光伏光热一体化系统的实验研究[J].太阳能学报,2005,26(2):170-173.JI J,CHENG H B,HE W,et al.Experimental study on a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal solar system[J].Solaris Sinica,2005,26(2):170-173.
[5]SINGH G,KUMAR S,TIWARI G N.Design,fabrication and performance evaluation of a hybrid photovoltaic thermal(PVT)double slope active solar still[J].Desalination,2011,277(1/2/3):399-406.
[6]JI J,CHOW T T,HE W.Dynamic performance of hybrid photovoltaic/thermal collector wall in HongKong[J].Building and Environment,2003,38(11):1327-1334.
[7]HELMERS H,KRAMER K.Multi-linear performance model for hybrid(C)PVT solar collectors[J].Solar Energy,2013,92(4):313-322.
[8]DUPEYRAT P,MNZO C,FORTUIN S.Study of the thermal and electrical performances of PVT solar hot water system[J].Energy&Buildings,2014,68:751-755.
[9]BERTRAM E,GLEMBIN J,ROCKENDORF G.Unglazed PVT collectors as additional heat source in heat pump systems with borehole heat exchanger[J].Energy Procedia,2012,30(1):414-423.
[10]PATHAK M J M,SANDERS P G,PEARCE J M.Optimizing limited solar roof access by exergy analysis of solar thermal,photovoltaic,and hybrid photovoltaic thermal systems[J].Applied Energy,2014,120(3):115-124.
[11]何汉峰,季杰,裴刚,等.基于稳态分布参数模型的光伏蒸发器的数值模拟[J].太阳能学报,2007,28(11):1173-1181.HE H F,JI J,PEI G,et al.The numerical simulation based on a steady and distributed model for PV evaporator in a PV solar assisted heat pump[J].Solaris Sinica,2007,28(11):1173-1181.
[12]王宝群,姚强,宋蔷,等.光伏/光热(PVT)系统概况与评价[J].太阳能学报,2009,30(2):193-200.WANG B Q,YAO Q,SONG Q,et al.Photovoltaicthermal(PV/T)systems and their evaluation[J].Solaris Sinica,2009,30(2):193-200.
[13]HAZI A,HAZI G,GRIGORE R,et al.Opportunity to use PVT systems for water heating in industry[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2014,63(1):151-157.
[14]裴刚,季杰,刘可亮,等.光伏-直膨太阳能热泵系统在变水温工况下的实验研究[J].太阳能学报,2007,28(6):587-592.PEI G,JI J,LIU K L,et al.Experimental study of PVdirect expansion solar assisted heat pump under the mode of condensing temperature rising[J].Solaris Sinica,2007,28(6):587-592.
[15]徐国英,张小松,赵善国.平板型太阳能光伏/光热一体化热泵热水系统特性[J].化工学报,2012,63(s2):136-141.XU G Y,ZHANG X S,ZHAO S G.Performance of flatplate PV/T integrated that pump water heating system[J].CIESC Journal,2012,63(s2):136-141.
[16]王岗,全贞花,赵耀华,等.太阳能-空气复合热源热泵热水系统[J].化工学报,2014,65(3):1033-1039.WANG G,QUAN Z H,ZHAO Y H,et al.Solar-air composite heat source heat pump hot water system[J].CIESC Journal,2014,65(3):1033-1039.
[17]张龙灿,裴刚,张涛,等.新型光伏-太阳能环形热管/热泵复合系统[J].化工学报,2014,65(8):3228-3236.ZHANG L C,PEI G,ZHANG T,et al.A new photovoltaic solar-assisted loop heat pipe/heat-pump system[J].CIESC Journal,2014,65(8):3228-3236.
[18]旷玉辉,王如竹,许煜雄.直膨式太阳能热泵供热水系统的性能研究[J].工程热物理学报,2004,25(5):737-740.KUANG Y H,WANG R Z,XU Y X.Studies on the performance of a direct-expansion solar-assisted heat pump water heating system[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2004,25(5):737-740.
[19]LEE B,LIU J Z,SUN B,et al.Thermally conductive and electrically insulating EVA composite encapsulants for solar photovoltaic(PV)cell[J].Express Polymer Letters,2008,2(5):357-363.
[20]SUN X L,WU J Y,DAI Y J,et al.Experimental study on roll-bond collector/evaporator with optimized-channel used in direct expansion solar assisted heat pump water heating system[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2014,66(1/2):571-579.