鼠茅草春播最适播期及对其生物学特性的影响
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摘要
[目的]为确定鼠茅草春播的最佳播期提供理论依据。[方法]通过大田试验,设置了2018年3月1日、3月8日、3月15日、3月22日共4个播种时期,研究不同播期对鼠茅草的株高、生物量及植株养分含量的影响。[结果]3月8日播种的鼠茅草,植株长势,田间覆盖度都较其他播期好,播种后111天鼠茅草地上部鲜重为21 657.45 kg/hm~2,干重为6 159.75 kg/hm~2;植株养分含量达到最高,其中全氮1.89%,全磷0.43%,全钾2.68%。3月中旬后随着播期的推迟,鼠茅草的出苗时间、出苗率、覆盖度都有所下降,生物量降低,植株养分含量逐渐下降,同时播种时土壤墒情及空气温度、湿度对出苗也有一定的影响。[结论]试验条件下为保证鼠茅草的覆盖度及地上部干物质量积累应适当早播,在3月中上旬较好。
[Objective] To provide a theoretical basis for determining the best sowing date of Vulpia myuros C.Gmelin spring sow.[Methods] Based on the field experiment, four seeding periods were set up on 1 March, 8 March, 15 March,and 22 March, 2018,the effects of different sowing dates of Vulpia myuros C.Gmelin on plant height, biomass and plant nutrient content of the thatch were studied.[Result] The Vulpia myuros C.Gmelin planted on March 8 th, the plant growth and field coverage were better than other sowing dates. 111 days after sowing,the fresh weight of the upper part of the grassland was 21 657.45 kg/hm~2 and the dry weight was 6 159.75 kg/hm~2. The plant nutrient content reached the highest, with total nitrogen 1.89%, total phosphorus 0.43%, and total potassium 2.68%.After mid-March, with the delay of sowing date, the emergence time, emergence rate and coverage of the Vulpia myuros C.Gmelin decreased, the biomass decreased, and the nutrient content of the plant gradually decreased.At the same time, soil moisture and air temperature and humidity have certain effects on emergence.[Conclusion] Under the test conditions, in order to ensure the coverage of the Vulpia myuros C.Gmelin and the accumulation of dry matter in the aboveground part, it should be properly broadcast early, which is better in the middle and early March.
[Objective] To provide a theoretical basis for determining the best sowing date of Vulpia myuros C.Gmelin spring sow.[Methods] Based on the field experiment, four seeding periods were set up on 1 March, 8 March, 15 March,and 22 March, 2018,the effects of different sowing dates of Vulpia myuros C.Gmelin on plant height, biomass and plant nutrient content of the thatch were studied.[Result] The Vulpia myuros C.Gmelin planted on March 8 th, the plant growth and field coverage were better than other sowing dates. 111 days after sowing,the fresh weight of the upper part of the grassland was 21 657.45 kg/hm~2 and the dry weight was 6 159.75 kg/hm~2. The plant nutrient content reached the highest, with total nitrogen 1.89%, total phosphorus 0.43%, and total potassium 2.68%.After mid-March, with the delay of sowing date, the emergence time, emergence rate and coverage of the Vulpia myuros C.Gmelin decreased, the biomass decreased, and the nutrient content of the plant gradually decreased.At the same time, soil moisture and air temperature and humidity have certain effects on emergence.[Conclusion] Under the test conditions, in order to ensure the coverage of the Vulpia myuros C.Gmelin and the accumulation of dry matter in the aboveground part, it should be properly broadcast early, which is better in the middle and early March.
引文
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[10] 吕新,白萍,张伟,等.不同播期对玉米干物质积累的影响及分析[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),2004,22(4):285-288.
[11] 邓日烈,王蕴波,黄龙飞.不同播期对甜玉米籽粒N,P,K及可溶性糖的积累的影响研究[J].佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科学版),2005,23(3):58-61.
[2] 刘万代,杜沛鑫,尹钧,等.播期对豫麦 49-198 群体质量和产量性状的影响[J].江西农业学报,2009,21(5):7-9.
[3] 闫艳红,杨文钰,李兴佐,等.不同品种及播期对丘区套作大豆产量的影响[J].大豆科学,2007,26(4):544-549.
[4] 江苏省杂交水稻气象问题研究协作组.温光条件与水稻叶片生长和干物质增长的关系[J].作物学报,1983,9(2):99-106.
[5] 武艳芍,郝建平.不同播期对玉米(强盛 49)出苗速率及生育期的影响[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(4):119-121.
[6] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[7] 马国胜,薛吉全,路海东,等.播种时期与密度对关中灌区夏玉米群体生理指标的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(6):1247-1253.
[8] 胡辉,杨波,郑元红,等.绿肥不同播种期对鲜草产量的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2006,34(4):105-106.
[9] 曹毅,任吉君,李春梅,等.不同播期对红秋葵生长及发育的影响[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(2):87-89.
[10] 吕新,白萍,张伟,等.不同播期对玉米干物质积累的影响及分析[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),2004,22(4):285-288.
[11] 邓日烈,王蕴波,黄龙飞.不同播期对甜玉米籽粒N,P,K及可溶性糖的积累的影响研究[J].佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科学版),2005,23(3):58-61.