行政犯裁判结构的功能性研究——以法律结构与社会结构互动机制为视角
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摘要
行政犯作为近年来刑事立法的增长领域,其裁判结论的形成非法律结构内部的逻辑自洽,传统观点认为社会结构仅在量刑层面上有影响,这已然不能适应行政犯的发展现实。如不对此进行符合实践的解读,可能会使司法个案正义与民众朴素法感情的矛盾不断激化,最终导致社会结构这一刑事案件隐性结构对法律结构这一刑事案件显性结构的侵扰甚至是僭越。有必要在解构行政犯裁判结论形成结构的基础上,剖析法律结构与社会结构之间的互动机制,揭示社会结构因素参与案件事实建构的潜在通道,可以合理规范行政犯案件事实的形成机制。通过确定刑法规范价值在行政犯案件事实认定和行政行为价值评判中的核心地位,可以合法合理解释当前社会关注度较高的刑事案件,整合因个案不正义导致的社会裂痕,从而实现法律效果和社会效果的有机统一。
There has been increasing criminal legislation on the administrative crime in recent years,but the conclusion in the judgment is not logically consistent within the legal structure and the traditional view that the social structure only affects the sentence is no longer in line with the development of the administrative crime. If this is not to be interpreted in a way that is in compliance with the practice,the contradiction between the justice of individual cases and the plain law feelings of the public will be inevitably aggregated,thus eventually leading to the intrusion or even overstepping of the social structure as a the recessive structure of a criminal case on the legal structure as the explicit structure of a criminal case. Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the interaction mechanism between the legal structure and the social structure on the basis of deconstructing the structure forming the conclusion in the judgment on the administrative crime,reveal the potential channel for factors of social structure to participate in the construction of case facts,and reasonably regulate the formation mechanism of case facts for the administrative crime. By setting the core status of the normative value of criminal law in the fact determination of administrative crime cases and the value judgment of administrative behaviors,we could legally and reasonably explain the criminal cases that attract a lot of attention from the society at present,and make up social cracks caused by the injustice of certain cases,so as to achieve the organic unity of legal effect and social effect.
There has been increasing criminal legislation on the administrative crime in recent years,but the conclusion in the judgment is not logically consistent within the legal structure and the traditional view that the social structure only affects the sentence is no longer in line with the development of the administrative crime. If this is not to be interpreted in a way that is in compliance with the practice,the contradiction between the justice of individual cases and the plain law feelings of the public will be inevitably aggregated,thus eventually leading to the intrusion or even overstepping of the social structure as a the recessive structure of a criminal case on the legal structure as the explicit structure of a criminal case. Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the interaction mechanism between the legal structure and the social structure on the basis of deconstructing the structure forming the conclusion in the judgment on the administrative crime,reveal the potential channel for factors of social structure to participate in the construction of case facts,and reasonably regulate the formation mechanism of case facts for the administrative crime. By setting the core status of the normative value of criminal law in the fact determination of administrative crime cases and the value judgment of administrative behaviors,we could legally and reasonably explain the criminal cases that attract a lot of attention from the society at present,and make up social cracks caused by the injustice of certain cases,so as to achieve the organic unity of legal effect and social effect.
引文
(1)参见《天津“气枪”老太改判三年缓刑三年》,http://www.xinhuanet.com/mrdx/2017-01/27/c_136015830.htm,2018年9月5日访问。
(2)参见《王力军收购玉米被判非法经营罪一案再审改判无罪》,http://www.xinhuanet.com//legal/2017-02/17/c_1120484291.htm,2018年11月5日访问。
(3)参见张心向:《死刑案件裁判中非刑法规范因素考量》,《中外法学》2012年第5期。
(4)刘艳红:《司法良知抑或刑法无底线?---以摆摊打气球案入刑为视角的分析》,《东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年第1期。
(5)Richard A.Posner,Problens of Jurisprudence,Harvard University Press,1990,P.19.
(6)参见[德]尤尔根·哈贝马斯:《在事实与规范之间》,童世骏译,三联书店2003年版,第247页。
(7)参见[美]罗·庞德:《通过法律的社会控制》,沈宗灵、董世忠译,商务印书馆1984年版,第97页。
(8)[美]本杰明·卡多佐:《司法过程的性质》,苏力译,商务印书馆2015年版,第156页。
(9)参见方娟:《刑事案件律师案外造势若干法律问题研究》,《政法论坛》2016年第2期。
(10)参见[美]唐·布莱克:《社会学视野中的司法》,郭星华译,法律出版社2001年版,第16页。
(11)参见前注(3),张心向文。
(12)参见[日]佐伯仁志:《制裁论》,丁胜明译,北京大学出版社2018年版,第16页。
(2)参见《王力军收购玉米被判非法经营罪一案再审改判无罪》,http://www.xinhuanet.com//legal/2017-02/17/c_1120484291.htm,2018年11月5日访问。
(3)参见张心向:《死刑案件裁判中非刑法规范因素考量》,《中外法学》2012年第5期。
(4)刘艳红:《司法良知抑或刑法无底线?---以摆摊打气球案入刑为视角的分析》,《东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年第1期。
(5)Richard A.Posner,Problens of Jurisprudence,Harvard University Press,1990,P.19.
(6)参见[德]尤尔根·哈贝马斯:《在事实与规范之间》,童世骏译,三联书店2003年版,第247页。
(7)参见[美]罗·庞德:《通过法律的社会控制》,沈宗灵、董世忠译,商务印书馆1984年版,第97页。
(8)[美]本杰明·卡多佐:《司法过程的性质》,苏力译,商务印书馆2015年版,第156页。
(9)参见方娟:《刑事案件律师案外造势若干法律问题研究》,《政法论坛》2016年第2期。
(10)参见[美]唐·布莱克:《社会学视野中的司法》,郭星华译,法律出版社2001年版,第16页。
(11)参见前注(3),张心向文。
(12)参见[日]佐伯仁志:《制裁论》,丁胜明译,北京大学出版社2018年版,第16页。