粒度特征揭示的中全新世以来毛乌素沙地演化过程
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摘要
通过对毛乌素沙地现代固定沙丘、半固定沙丘、半流动沙丘和流动沙丘的粒度特征分析,发现研究区沙地变化敏感粒度是>245μm的沉积物粒度组分,尝试性地将其用于地质时期沙地演化研究。结合区域典型风成砂-古土壤剖面的沉积相特征,探讨了中晚全新世以来毛乌素沙地的时间演化过程及其特征。结果表明:中全新世以来毛乌素沙地存在多次活化扩张和固定萎缩事件,除7.5 ka BP前为流动沙地占优势以外,其余阶段多在半流动沙地、半固定沙地和固定沙地之间频繁转换,即使在全新世适宜期古土壤大规模发育期间仍存在局地短时间的沙地活化事件。
Based on the analysis of characteristics of grain-size from the modern fixed,semi-fixed,semi-shifting and mobile sand dunes in Mu Us Sandy Land,we find that the grain-size components greater than 245 μm is the sandy land environmentally grain-size sensitive components of experimental area,and it is tentatively applied to the study the sandy land evolution in geological time. In the meanwhile,combined with variation of the sedimentary fades in typical aeolian sand and paleosoil profile,we discussed the spatiotemporal changes of the Mu Us Sandy Land during the mid-Holocene period. The results indicate the region experiences the several activation/expansion and fixation/reduction. The sandy land was dominated by the mobile dune in 3.7-3.5 ka BP and before 7.5 ka BP,and the sandy land was in a frequently change period among fixed,semi-fixed,semi-shifting and mobile sandy land in other stages of the mid-Holocene,and regional sandy land activation still occur during Holocene Optimum when paleosoil development in large scale. The characteristics of sandy land change are consistent with the environmental evolution of adjacent loess plateau.
Based on the analysis of characteristics of grain-size from the modern fixed,semi-fixed,semi-shifting and mobile sand dunes in Mu Us Sandy Land,we find that the grain-size components greater than 245 μm is the sandy land environmentally grain-size sensitive components of experimental area,and it is tentatively applied to the study the sandy land evolution in geological time. In the meanwhile,combined with variation of the sedimentary fades in typical aeolian sand and paleosoil profile,we discussed the spatiotemporal changes of the Mu Us Sandy Land during the mid-Holocene period. The results indicate the region experiences the several activation/expansion and fixation/reduction. The sandy land was dominated by the mobile dune in 3.7-3.5 ka BP and before 7.5 ka BP,and the sandy land was in a frequently change period among fixed,semi-fixed,semi-shifting and mobile sandy land in other stages of the mid-Holocene,and regional sandy land activation still occur during Holocene Optimum when paleosoil development in large scale. The characteristics of sandy land change are consistent with the environmental evolution of adjacent loess plateau.
引文
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[21]尚可政,董光荣,王式功,等.我国北方沙区气候变化对全球变暖的响应[J].中国沙漠,2001,21(4):387-392.
[22]杨帆,靳鹤龄,李孝泽,等.中晚全新世毛乌素沙地东南部气候变化过程[J].中国沙漠,2017,37(3):431-438.
[2] Lu H,Miao X,Zhou Y,et al.Late Quaternary aeolian activity in the M u Us and Otindag dune fields(north China)and lagged response to insolation forcing[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2005,32(21):2465-2475.
[3] Jia F,Lu R,Gao S,et al.Holocene aeolian activities in the southeastern M u Us Desert,China[J]. Aeolian Research,2015,19:267-274.
[4] Liu B,Jin H L,Sun Z,et al.Geochemical weathering of aeolian sand and its palaeoclimatic implications in the M u Us Desert,northern China,since the Late Holocene[J]. Journal of Arid Land,2016,8(5):647-659.
[5] Liu B,Jin H L,Yang F.A late Holocene winter monsoon record inferred from the palaeo-aeolian sand dune in the southeastern M u Us Desert,northern China[J].Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions,2016,8(5):388-399.
[6]徐志伟,鹿化煜,弋双文,等.末次盛冰期和全新世大暖期毛乌素沙地的空间变化[J].第四纪研究,2013,33(2):243-251.
[7] Wang T,Han P,Wu S,et al.Deserts and Aeolian Desertification in China[M].Beijing,China:Science Press,2011.
[8]靳建辉,李志忠.小冰期福建海岸沙丘的沉积环境[J].中国沙漠,2017,37(6):1111-1120.
[9]贾建军,高抒,薛允传.图解法与矩法沉积物粒度参数的对比[J].海洋与湖沼,2002,33(6):577-582.
[10]刘志杰,公衍芬,周松望,等.海洋沉积物粒度参数3种计算方法的对比研究[J].海洋学报,2013,35(3):179-188.
[11]李保生,靳鹤龄,吕海燕,等.150 ka以来毛乌素沙漠的堆积与变迁过程[J].中国科学(D辑),1998(1):85-90.
[12]邹学勇,朱久江,董光荣,等.风沙流结构中起跃沙粒垂直初速度分布函数[J].科学通报,1992,37(23):2175-2177.
[13]牛光明.近5000 a来柴达木盆地东南缘风成沉积记录的冬季风演化[D].兰州:兰州大学,2009:31-39.
[14]刘进峰,乔彦松,郭正堂.风尘堆积全岩和石英粒度变化对风化成壤强度的指示[C]//中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2007学术论文汇编,2008:270-276.
[15]鲁瑞洁,王亚军,张登山.毛乌素沙地15 ka以来气候变化及沙漠演化研究[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(2):273-277.
[16]何忠,周杰,赖忠平,等.石英光释光测年揭示的晚第四纪毛乌素沙地演化[J].第四纪研究,2009,29(4):744-754.
[17]高尚玉,王贵勇,哈斯,等.末次冰期以来中国季风区西北边缘沙漠演化研究[J].第四纪研究,2001,21(1):66-71.
[18]陈渭南,高尚玉,邵亚军,等.毛乌素沙地全新世孢粉组合与气候变迁[J].中国历史地理论丛,1993(1):39-54.
[19]高尚玉,陈渭南,靳鹤龄,等.全新世中国季风区西北缘沙漠演化初步研究[J].中国科学(B辑:化学生命科学地学),1993,23(2):202-208.
[20]董光荣,陈惠忠.150 ka以来中国北方沙漠,沙地演化和气候变化[J].中国科学(B辑:化学生命科学地学),1995,25(12):1303-1312.
[21]尚可政,董光荣,王式功,等.我国北方沙区气候变化对全球变暖的响应[J].中国沙漠,2001,21(4):387-392.
[22]杨帆,靳鹤龄,李孝泽,等.中晚全新世毛乌素沙地东南部气候变化过程[J].中国沙漠,2017,37(3):431-438.