摘要
基于GIS和RS,以赣江上游太平江流域1995年、2005年和2015年的三期遥感影像为基础进行解译.利用景观类型变化率、开发度,以及景观格局动态度分析了近20年来太平江流域景观格局时空变化和驱动因素.得出的结果是:(1) 1995—2015年,太平江流域主要的景观类型为林地,2015年已经占流域总面积的67%.草地面积一直缩减,水域和其它用地占地面积小,变化率较大,开发度相对稳定.建设用地在2005—2015年的动态度和开发度高达80%,变化显著.(2)景观类型中,草地和建设用地的斑块数量逐步增长,林地和其它用地的斑块数量急剧下降.只有局部区域景观格局呈现多样性和丰富性,主要表现在建设用地、耕地和草地相连接的区域.景观水平中,斑块数量和斑块密度增加,香浓多样性指数和香浓均匀度指数均呈现下降趋势,分别从1.33和0.67下降到1.22和0.63.(3)经济因素是太平江流域景观格局变化的主要影响因子.
Based on GIS and RS, this paper interprets three remote sensing images of the Taiping river basin in the upper reaches of Ganjiang River in 1995, 2005 and 2015. Based on the change rate and development degree of landscape type and the dynamic degree of landscape pattern, the temporal and spatial changes and driving factors of the landscape pattern in the Taiping river basin in the past 20 years were analyzed. The results are as follows:(1) From 1995 to 2015, the main landscape type of the Taiping river basin was forest land, accounting for 67 % of the region in 2015; The grassland area has been reduced; the water area and other land use area were small, the rate of change was large, but the development degree was relatively stable;Both the dynamic degree and development degree of the construction land in the basin during in 2005—2015 were 80 %, which is a significant change.(2) Among all the landscape types, the number of path in grassland and construction land has been gradually increased, and the number of forest land and other land uses has been fallen sharply; In landscape level, the number of path and path density are increasing; the landscape pattern of local area is diverse and rich, mainly in the area where construction land, cultivated land and grassland are connected. The Shannon diversity index and the fragrance uniformity index show a downward trend, which decreased from 1.33 to 1.22, and 0.67 to 0.63.(3) Economic factors are the main influencing factors for the change of landscape pattern in the Taiping river basin.
引文
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