赣江上游太平江流域景观格局演变及驱动因素分析
|
摘要
基于GIS和RS,以赣江上游太平江流域1995年、2005年和2015年的三期遥感影像为基础进行解译.利用景观类型变化率、开发度,以及景观格局动态度分析了近20年来太平江流域景观格局时空变化和驱动因素.得出的结果是:(1) 1995—2015年,太平江流域主要的景观类型为林地,2015年已经占流域总面积的67%.草地面积一直缩减,水域和其它用地占地面积小,变化率较大,开发度相对稳定.建设用地在2005—2015年的动态度和开发度高达80%,变化显著.(2)景观类型中,草地和建设用地的斑块数量逐步增长,林地和其它用地的斑块数量急剧下降.只有局部区域景观格局呈现多样性和丰富性,主要表现在建设用地、耕地和草地相连接的区域.景观水平中,斑块数量和斑块密度增加,香浓多样性指数和香浓均匀度指数均呈现下降趋势,分别从1.33和0.67下降到1.22和0.63.(3)经济因素是太平江流域景观格局变化的主要影响因子.
Based on GIS and RS, this paper interprets three remote sensing images of the Taiping river basin in the upper reaches of Ganjiang River in 1995, 2005 and 2015. Based on the change rate and development degree of landscape type and the dynamic degree of landscape pattern, the temporal and spatial changes and driving factors of the landscape pattern in the Taiping river basin in the past 20 years were analyzed. The results are as follows:(1) From 1995 to 2015, the main landscape type of the Taiping river basin was forest land, accounting for 67 % of the region in 2015; The grassland area has been reduced; the water area and other land use area were small, the rate of change was large, but the development degree was relatively stable;Both the dynamic degree and development degree of the construction land in the basin during in 2005—2015 were 80 %, which is a significant change.(2) Among all the landscape types, the number of path in grassland and construction land has been gradually increased, and the number of forest land and other land uses has been fallen sharply; In landscape level, the number of path and path density are increasing; the landscape pattern of local area is diverse and rich, mainly in the area where construction land, cultivated land and grassland are connected. The Shannon diversity index and the fragrance uniformity index show a downward trend, which decreased from 1.33 to 1.22, and 0.67 to 0.63.(3) Economic factors are the main influencing factors for the change of landscape pattern in the Taiping river basin.
Based on GIS and RS, this paper interprets three remote sensing images of the Taiping river basin in the upper reaches of Ganjiang River in 1995, 2005 and 2015. Based on the change rate and development degree of landscape type and the dynamic degree of landscape pattern, the temporal and spatial changes and driving factors of the landscape pattern in the Taiping river basin in the past 20 years were analyzed. The results are as follows:(1) From 1995 to 2015, the main landscape type of the Taiping river basin was forest land, accounting for 67 % of the region in 2015; The grassland area has been reduced; the water area and other land use area were small, the rate of change was large, but the development degree was relatively stable;Both the dynamic degree and development degree of the construction land in the basin during in 2005—2015 were 80 %, which is a significant change.(2) Among all the landscape types, the number of path in grassland and construction land has been gradually increased, and the number of forest land and other land uses has been fallen sharply; In landscape level, the number of path and path density are increasing; the landscape pattern of local area is diverse and rich, mainly in the area where construction land, cultivated land and grassland are connected. The Shannon diversity index and the fragrance uniformity index show a downward trend, which decreased from 1.33 to 1.22, and 0.67 to 0.63.(3) Economic factors are the main influencing factors for the change of landscape pattern in the Taiping river basin.
引文
[1]王芳,谢小平,陈芝聪.太湖流域景观空间格局动态演变[J].应用生态学报,2017(11):3720-3730.
[2]李新国,刘彬,海米提,等.开都河流域下游绿洲景观格局变化分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014(3):174-180.
[3]Khan R,Jhariya D C.Land use land cover change detection using remote sensing and geographic information system in raipur municipal corporation area,chhattisgarh[J].SSARSC International Journal of Geo Science and Geo Informatics,2016,3(1):1-4.
[4]王芳,陈芝聪,谢小平.太湖流域建设用地与耕地景观时空演变及驱动力[J].生态学报,38(9):3300-3310.
[5]Boori M S,Vo觩enílek V,Choudhary K.Land use/cover disturbance due to tourism in Jeseniky Mountain,Czech Republic:A remote sensing and GIS based approach[J].The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space science,2015,18(1):17-26.
[6]陈萍,李崇巍,王中良,等.天津于桥水库流域典型景观类型时空演变分析[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(1):227-236.
[7]Rawat J S,Kumar M.Monitoring land use/cover change using remote sensing and GIS techniques:A case study of Hawalbagh block,district Almora,Uttarakhand,India[J].The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science,2015,18(1):77-84.
[8]哈孜亚.乌鲁木齐市景观格局变化及驱动力分析[J].生态科学,2018,37(1):62-70.
[9]Liu Y,Huo X,Liu Y,et al.Analyzing monthly average streamflow extremes in the upperürümqi River based on a GPD model[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,74(6):4885-4895.
[10]刘小生,杨一洋,陈毅.都昌县土地覆被变化时空特征与预测研究[J].江西理工大学学报,2014,35(1):6-14.
[11]刘英,岳辉,王腾龙.1990-2015年红碱淖地区土地利用/土地覆盖与景观格局的时空演变[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(5):224-230.
[12]魏伟,石培基,周俊菊,等.近20多年来石羊河流域景观格局演变特征[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(2):156-161.
[13]任嘉衍,刘慧敏,丁圣彦,等.伊河流域景观格局变化及其驱动机制[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(8):2611-2620.
[14]张少伟,杨勤科,任宗萍,等.江西省赣南地区土地利用动态分析[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(2):53-56.
[15]李恒凯,刘小生,李博,等.红壤区植被覆盖变化及与地貌因子关系---以赣南地区为例[J].地理科学,2014,34(1):103-109.
[16]崔玉环,王杰,姚梦园.基于面向对象分类的冬小麦种植面积遥感监测---以淮北市临涣矿区为例[J].安徽农业大学学报,2017,44(6)1078-1083.
[17]Hegazy I R,Kaloop M R.Monitoring urban growth and land use change detection with GIS and remote sensing techniques in Daqahlia governorate Egypt[J].International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment,2015,4(1):117-124.
[18]吴娇,李恒凯,雷军.东江源区植被覆盖时空演变遥感监测与分析[J].江西理工大学学报,2017,38(1):29-36.
[19]Feinstein A R,Cicchetti D V.High agreement but low Kappa:I.The problems of two paradoxes[J].Journal of Clinical Epidemiology,1990,43(6):543-549.
[20]Fleiss J L,Cohen J,Everitt B S.Large sample standard errors of kappa and weighted kappa[J].Psychological Bulletin,1969,72(5):323.
[21]李丽娟,杨俊伟,姜德娟,等.20世纪90年代无定河流域土地利用的时空变化[J].地理研究,2005,24(4):527-534.
[22]L iu J,Kuang W,Zhang Z,et al.Spatiotemporal characteristics,patterns,and causes of land-use changes in China since the late1980s[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2014,24(2):195-210.
[23]陈国建,张晓萍,张平仓,等.基于RS和GIS的六道沟流域土地利用动态变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(2):95-100.
[24]Bhatt G D,Kushwaha,S P S,Nandy S,et al.Analysis of fragmentation and disturbance regimes in south Gujarat forests,India[J].Tropical Ecology,2015,56(3):275-288.
[25]郭红,龚文峰,李雁,等.基于RS和GIS的松花江流域植被覆盖动态变化研究[J].地理信息世界,2009,7(3):60-65.
[26]鲁燕飞,彭芳,万韵,等.基于GIS和RS的赣江上游流域土地利用动态趋势分析[J].生态学报,2014,34(12):3224-3233.
[27]刘纪远,匡文慧,张增祥,等.20世纪80年代末以来中国土地利用变化的基本特征与空间格局[J].地理学报,2014,69(1):3-14.
[28]Beuchle R,Grecchi R C,Shimabukuro Y E,et al.Land cover changes in the Brazilian Cerrado and Caatinga biomes from 1990 to 2010based on a systematic remote sensing sampling approach[J].Applied Geography,2015,58:116-127.
[29]李磊,李艳红.20年间艾比湖流域植被覆盖度景观格局变化[J].干旱环境监测,2013,27(4):154-159.
[30]鲁韦坤,杨树华.滇池流域景观格局变化研究[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2006,28(增刊1):211-218.
[31]张莹,蔡海生,钟滨,等.南昌市城区土地利用与景观格局的时空变化及驱动因素[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(4):237-241.
[32]吴琳娜,杨胜天,刘晓燕,等.1976年以来北洛河流域土地利用变化对人类活动程度的响应[J].地理学报,2014,69(1):54-63.
[33]哈孜亚.乌鲁木齐市景观格局变化及驱动力分析[J].生态科学,2018,37(1):62-70.
[34]冷新生,主编.《赣州年鉴》[Z].赣州:中国统计出版社,2015年.
[35]张涛,张颖,杨力鹏,等.内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市1990-2010年景观格局变化及驱动力分析[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(2):217-222.
[2]李新国,刘彬,海米提,等.开都河流域下游绿洲景观格局变化分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014(3):174-180.
[3]Khan R,Jhariya D C.Land use land cover change detection using remote sensing and geographic information system in raipur municipal corporation area,chhattisgarh[J].SSARSC International Journal of Geo Science and Geo Informatics,2016,3(1):1-4.
[4]王芳,陈芝聪,谢小平.太湖流域建设用地与耕地景观时空演变及驱动力[J].生态学报,38(9):3300-3310.
[5]Boori M S,Vo觩enílek V,Choudhary K.Land use/cover disturbance due to tourism in Jeseniky Mountain,Czech Republic:A remote sensing and GIS based approach[J].The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space science,2015,18(1):17-26.
[6]陈萍,李崇巍,王中良,等.天津于桥水库流域典型景观类型时空演变分析[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(1):227-236.
[7]Rawat J S,Kumar M.Monitoring land use/cover change using remote sensing and GIS techniques:A case study of Hawalbagh block,district Almora,Uttarakhand,India[J].The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science,2015,18(1):77-84.
[8]哈孜亚.乌鲁木齐市景观格局变化及驱动力分析[J].生态科学,2018,37(1):62-70.
[9]Liu Y,Huo X,Liu Y,et al.Analyzing monthly average streamflow extremes in the upperürümqi River based on a GPD model[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,74(6):4885-4895.
[10]刘小生,杨一洋,陈毅.都昌县土地覆被变化时空特征与预测研究[J].江西理工大学学报,2014,35(1):6-14.
[11]刘英,岳辉,王腾龙.1990-2015年红碱淖地区土地利用/土地覆盖与景观格局的时空演变[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(5):224-230.
[12]魏伟,石培基,周俊菊,等.近20多年来石羊河流域景观格局演变特征[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(2):156-161.
[13]任嘉衍,刘慧敏,丁圣彦,等.伊河流域景观格局变化及其驱动机制[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(8):2611-2620.
[14]张少伟,杨勤科,任宗萍,等.江西省赣南地区土地利用动态分析[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(2):53-56.
[15]李恒凯,刘小生,李博,等.红壤区植被覆盖变化及与地貌因子关系---以赣南地区为例[J].地理科学,2014,34(1):103-109.
[16]崔玉环,王杰,姚梦园.基于面向对象分类的冬小麦种植面积遥感监测---以淮北市临涣矿区为例[J].安徽农业大学学报,2017,44(6)1078-1083.
[17]Hegazy I R,Kaloop M R.Monitoring urban growth and land use change detection with GIS and remote sensing techniques in Daqahlia governorate Egypt[J].International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment,2015,4(1):117-124.
[18]吴娇,李恒凯,雷军.东江源区植被覆盖时空演变遥感监测与分析[J].江西理工大学学报,2017,38(1):29-36.
[19]Feinstein A R,Cicchetti D V.High agreement but low Kappa:I.The problems of two paradoxes[J].Journal of Clinical Epidemiology,1990,43(6):543-549.
[20]Fleiss J L,Cohen J,Everitt B S.Large sample standard errors of kappa and weighted kappa[J].Psychological Bulletin,1969,72(5):323.
[21]李丽娟,杨俊伟,姜德娟,等.20世纪90年代无定河流域土地利用的时空变化[J].地理研究,2005,24(4):527-534.
[22]L iu J,Kuang W,Zhang Z,et al.Spatiotemporal characteristics,patterns,and causes of land-use changes in China since the late1980s[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2014,24(2):195-210.
[23]陈国建,张晓萍,张平仓,等.基于RS和GIS的六道沟流域土地利用动态变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(2):95-100.
[24]Bhatt G D,Kushwaha,S P S,Nandy S,et al.Analysis of fragmentation and disturbance regimes in south Gujarat forests,India[J].Tropical Ecology,2015,56(3):275-288.
[25]郭红,龚文峰,李雁,等.基于RS和GIS的松花江流域植被覆盖动态变化研究[J].地理信息世界,2009,7(3):60-65.
[26]鲁燕飞,彭芳,万韵,等.基于GIS和RS的赣江上游流域土地利用动态趋势分析[J].生态学报,2014,34(12):3224-3233.
[27]刘纪远,匡文慧,张增祥,等.20世纪80年代末以来中国土地利用变化的基本特征与空间格局[J].地理学报,2014,69(1):3-14.
[28]Beuchle R,Grecchi R C,Shimabukuro Y E,et al.Land cover changes in the Brazilian Cerrado and Caatinga biomes from 1990 to 2010based on a systematic remote sensing sampling approach[J].Applied Geography,2015,58:116-127.
[29]李磊,李艳红.20年间艾比湖流域植被覆盖度景观格局变化[J].干旱环境监测,2013,27(4):154-159.
[30]鲁韦坤,杨树华.滇池流域景观格局变化研究[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2006,28(增刊1):211-218.
[31]张莹,蔡海生,钟滨,等.南昌市城区土地利用与景观格局的时空变化及驱动因素[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(4):237-241.
[32]吴琳娜,杨胜天,刘晓燕,等.1976年以来北洛河流域土地利用变化对人类活动程度的响应[J].地理学报,2014,69(1):54-63.
[33]哈孜亚.乌鲁木齐市景观格局变化及驱动力分析[J].生态科学,2018,37(1):62-70.
[34]冷新生,主编.《赣州年鉴》[Z].赣州:中国统计出版社,2015年.
[35]张涛,张颖,杨力鹏,等.内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市1990-2010年景观格局变化及驱动力分析[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(2):217-222.