秀珍菇菌糠制备生物炭及理化性质研究
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摘要
为开发秀珍菇菌糠生态化循环高效利用关键技术,特开展秀珍菇菌糠生物炭制备工艺研究;并利用扫描电镜、元素分析仪等对生物炭的理化性质进行初步分析。结果表明,秀珍菇菌糠生物炭均一性较差,表面孔隙结构随着温度的升高而增多;秀珍菇菌糠水热法制备生物炭的产率约为45%～55%,且随着反应时间的增加或反应温度的升高产率降低,其C元素和O元素的变化趋势与反应温度、水热时间相关性显著,温度越高、时间越长,C元素含量越高,O元素含量越低。热解法制备生物炭的产率约30%,且随着反应温度升高而下降明显,其C元素含量呈现先降低后升高趋势。因此,利用秀珍菇菌糠制备生物炭具有可行性,可作为食用菌菌糠生态化循环利用的解决方案。
The preparation technology of biochar was investigated,by using the spent pleurotusgeesteranus substrate(SPGS)as raw material,with a view to developing the technology of ecologicalrecycling and efficient utilization of spent mushroom substrate.The physicochemical properties ofbiochar were analyzed with the scanning electron microscopy and the elemental analyzer.The resultsshow that homogeneity of the biochar is fairly poor and the surface pore structure increases with theincrease of temperature.Yield of the hydrochar is about 45%-55%,decreasing with the increase ofreaction time or temperature.The variation trend of C and O elements is significantly correlated withreaction temperature and time,the higher the temperature and the longer the time,the higher contentof C and the lower content of O.Yield of the pyrolytic biochar is about 30%,decreasing obviouslywith the increase of temperature,with the content of C element decreasing first and then increasing.Itcan be concluded that it is feasible to prepare biochar SPGS,which can be used as a reference technology to solve the ecological recycling of edible fungi.
The preparation technology of biochar was investigated,by using the spent pleurotusgeesteranus substrate(SPGS)as raw material,with a view to developing the technology of ecologicalrecycling and efficient utilization of spent mushroom substrate.The physicochemical properties ofbiochar were analyzed with the scanning electron microscopy and the elemental analyzer.The resultsshow that homogeneity of the biochar is fairly poor and the surface pore structure increases with theincrease of temperature.Yield of the hydrochar is about 45%-55%,decreasing with the increase ofreaction time or temperature.The variation trend of C and O elements is significantly correlated withreaction temperature and time,the higher the temperature and the longer the time,the higher contentof C and the lower content of O.Yield of the pyrolytic biochar is about 30%,decreasing obviouslywith the increase of temperature,with the content of C element decreasing first and then increasing.Itcan be concluded that it is feasible to prepare biochar SPGS,which can be used as a reference technology to solve the ecological recycling of edible fungi.
引文
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[18]ZADRAZIL F,PUNIYA A K.Studies on the effect of particle size on solid-state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse into animal feed using white-rot fungi[J].Bioresource Technology,1995,54(1):85.
[2]MUSSATTO S I,DRAGONE G,ROBERTO I C.Brewers’spent grain:generation,characteristics and potential applications[J].Journal of Cereal Science,2006,43(1):1.
[3]陆亚珍,王恒昌,申远航,等.杏鲍菇菌糠的营养价值评价及其在羊日粮中的应用效果[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(3):117.
[4]MMANYWA M,MSHANDATE A.Co-production of Coprinus cinereus(Schaeff.)S.Gray.s.lato mushrooms and biogas from palm oil wastes in Tanzania[J].British Food Journal,2017,17(3):1.
[5]TRIVEDI A,VERMA A R,KAUR S,et al.Sustainable bio-energy production models for eradicating open field burning of paddy straw in Punjab,India[J].Energy,2017,127:310.
[6]WYMAN C E.What is(and is not)vital to advancing cellulosic ethanol[J].Trends in Biotechnology,2007,25(4):153.
[7]ASADA C,ASAKAWA A,SASAKI C,et al.Characterization of the steam-exploded spent shiitake mushroom medium and its efficient conversion to ethanol[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(21):10052.
[8]郭晓娟,徐勇军,尹辉斌,等.食用菌菌糠热解制油实验研究[J].节能技术,2017,35(3):210.
[9]HARITH N,ABDULLAH N,SABARATNAM V.Cultivation of Flammulina velutipes mushroom using various agroresidues as a fruiting substrate[J].Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira,2014,49(3):181.
[10]LI Z P,YU C X,HUANG J,et al.Cultivation of volvariella volvacea using spent mushroom substrates[J].Acta Edulis Fungi,2016,23(1):27.
[11]XU X J,GAO F,HE M X,et al.Green vegetable ultivation in substrate of phlebopus portentosus dregs[J].Tropical Agriculture Science Technology,2017,40(3):34.
[12]ATILA F,TUZEL Y,FEMANDEZ J A,et al.The effect of some agro-industrial wastes on yield,nutritional characteristics and antioxidant activities of Hericium erinaceus isolates[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2018,238:246.
[13]FRIEDMAN M.Chemistry,nutrition,and health-promoting properties of Hericium erinaceus(Lion’s Mane)mushroom fruiting bodies and mycelia and their bioactive compounds[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2015,63(32):7108.
[14]PAVAN F A,LIMA I S,LIMA E′C,et al.Use of ponkan mandarin peels as biosorbent for toxic metals uptake from aqueous solutions[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,137(1):527.
[15]CHERGUI A,KERBACHI R,JUNTER G A.Biosorption of hexacyanoferrate(iii)complex anion to dead biomass of the basidiomycete pleurotus mutilus:biosorbent characterization and batch experiments[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2009,147(2):150.
[16]彭涛,余水静,程素.食用菌菌糠综合利用研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2016(9):78.
[17]ZHANG R H,DUAN Z Q,LI Z G.Use of spent mushroom substrate as growing media for tomato and cucumber seedlings[J].Pedosphere,2012,22(3):333.
[18]ZADRAZIL F,PUNIYA A K.Studies on the effect of particle size on solid-state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse into animal feed using white-rot fungi[J].Bioresource Technology,1995,54(1):85.