宁养模式下居家临终癌症患者家庭照顾者积极体验的质性研究
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摘要
目的探讨宁养模式下居家临终癌症患者家庭照顾者积极体验。方法 2018年5-8月,目的抽样法选取接受广东省某三级甲等医院宁养院居家宁养服务的临终癌症患者的家庭照顾者17名为研究对象,并对其进行半结构式深入访谈,将访谈资料转录后按照Colaizzi 7步法进行分析。结果宁养模式下居家临终癌症患者家庭照顾者的积极体验可归纳为4个主题,即:照顾中寻找角色意义,促进长期照顾;照顾经历中个人获益;照顾促进与他人关系的积极改变;以照顾者视角关注并思考相关社会现状。结论医护人员应重视评估居家临终关怀下癌症患者家庭照顾者的积极体验,发掘潜在积极特质,支持和协助其适应照顾角色,以促进个人成长与发展,使照顾者以更健康的身心状态承担照顾任务,提高照顾质量。
Objective To explore the positive experience of the family caregivers of terminal cancer patients receiving the home-based hospice care. Methods From May to August 2018,17 family caregivers of terminal cancer patients receiving home-based hospice care services in the hospital were selected by the purposive sampling method,and semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted.The interviews were transcribed and analyzed according to Colaizzi's 7-step method.Results The positive experience of family caregivers of terminal cancer patients receiving home-based hospice care could be summarized as the following four themes:the role of caregivers was identified to promote the long-term care;caregivers gained personal benefits from care experiences;care experiences promoted positive change in relationships with others;care experiences helped caregivers to focus on the relevant social status.Conclusions Medical staff should pay attention to evaluate the positive experience of family caregivers, identify potential positive traits of caregivers, and guide them through adapting to the role of caregiver, in order to improve the quality of care,and ultimately achieve the life-and-death satisfaction of patients.
Objective To explore the positive experience of the family caregivers of terminal cancer patients receiving the home-based hospice care. Methods From May to August 2018,17 family caregivers of terminal cancer patients receiving home-based hospice care services in the hospital were selected by the purposive sampling method,and semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted.The interviews were transcribed and analyzed according to Colaizzi's 7-step method.Results The positive experience of family caregivers of terminal cancer patients receiving home-based hospice care could be summarized as the following four themes:the role of caregivers was identified to promote the long-term care;caregivers gained personal benefits from care experiences;care experiences promoted positive change in relationships with others;care experiences helped caregivers to focus on the relevant social status.Conclusions Medical staff should pay attention to evaluate the positive experience of family caregivers, identify potential positive traits of caregivers, and guide them through adapting to the role of caregiver, in order to improve the quality of care,and ultimately achieve the life-and-death satisfaction of patients.
引文
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[3] GOTZE H,BRAHLER E,GANSERA L,et al.Psychological distress and quality of life of palliative cancer patients and their caring relatives during home care[J].Support Care Cancer,2014,22(10):2775-2782.
[4] 高明霞,朱丽娅,宋欢,等.上消化道肿瘤术后出院患者主要照顾者照护体验的质性研究[J].解放军护理杂志,2017,34(7):18-21.
[5] COLAIZZI P.Psychological research as the phenomenologist views it//Existential phenomenological alternatives for psychology[M].New York:Oxford University Press,1978:487.
[6] LAUREN K,ANDREW S.Motivation and experiences of role transition in spousal caregivers of people with multiple sclerosis[J].Int J Ther Rehabil,2018,25(8):405-413.
[7] 王京娥,康宗林,黎莹,等.基督教与儒释道文化中的临终反向关怀思想[J].医学与哲学,2018,39(1):30-32,58.
[8] EISENBERG N,LENNON R,ROTH K.Prosocial development:a longitudinal study[J].Dev Psychol,1983,19(19):846-855.