吉祥草叶斑病菌的生物学特性及室内防治药剂筛选
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摘要
为吉祥草叶斑病的综合防治提供科学依据,测定了吉祥草叶斑病菌细极链格孢(Alternaria tenuissima)的生物学特性及筛选适合的防治药剂。结果表明,PDA为最适培养基,病原菌生长适温为28℃,致死温度为45℃;在p H值为4~10的范围内均能生长,最适p H值为5;碳源和氮源以葡萄糖和硝酸铵较适宜;光照条件以12/12 h(光/暗)为佳。在供试的5种药剂中,10%苯醚甲环唑对病原菌抑菌效果最好,在推荐使用浓度1.00 mg/L下,相对抑菌率达到100%,而45%的石硫合剂抑菌效果最差,在推荐使用浓度6.67 mg/L下,其抑菌率仅为49.7%。
In order to provide scientific basis for the disease control,the biological characteristics and suitable pesticides for Reineckea carnea leaf spot pathogen Alternaria tenuissima were investigated. The results indicated that the pathogen mycelium were grown well in PDA under28 ℃,and the lethal temperature was 45 ℃. Although the mycelium could grow between p H 4. 0 to 10. 0,p H = 5. 0 was appropriate. Dextrose and NH4NO3 were the suitable carbon and nitrogen resource respectively. The light-dark alternation( 12 /12h) was benefit for mycelial growth. Among the 5 tested pesticides,the most effective agent was 10 % difenoconazole,the relative inhibition rate reached 100 % under the recommended concentration 1. 00 mg / L. Lime sulfur was the least effective agent,and the relative inhibition rate was only 49. 7 % under the recommended concentration 6. 67 mg / L.
In order to provide scientific basis for the disease control,the biological characteristics and suitable pesticides for Reineckea carnea leaf spot pathogen Alternaria tenuissima were investigated. The results indicated that the pathogen mycelium were grown well in PDA under28 ℃,and the lethal temperature was 45 ℃. Although the mycelium could grow between p H 4. 0 to 10. 0,p H = 5. 0 was appropriate. Dextrose and NH4NO3 were the suitable carbon and nitrogen resource respectively. The light-dark alternation( 12 /12h) was benefit for mycelial growth. Among the 5 tested pesticides,the most effective agent was 10 % difenoconazole,the relative inhibition rate reached 100 % under the recommended concentration 1. 00 mg / L. Lime sulfur was the least effective agent,and the relative inhibition rate was only 49. 7 % under the recommended concentration 6. 67 mg / L.
引文
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[2]巫小宏,陈道军,宁培洋,等.吉祥草病虫害及防治技术[J].中国现代药物应用,2009,3(17):203-204.
[3]周欣,刘海,赵超,等.吉祥草化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2008(23):445-447.
[4]湖南少数民族办公室.湘西苗药汇编[M].长沙:岳麓书社,1990:455.
[5]方中达.植病研究方法(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1998.
[6]傅本重,杨敏,李国元,等.滇楸叶斑病病原菌的生物学特性及室内药剂筛选[J].华中农业大学学报(自然科学版),2013,32(6):65-69.
[7]江明,黄俊斌,郑莉,等.杂交狗牙根叶枯病病原鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].植物保护学报,2005,32(3):276-278.
[8]王志坤,谭万忠,张克诚,等.茶树云纹叶枯病病原鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].河南农业科学学报,2008(4):67-69.
[9]罗臻,张敬泽,胡东维,等.大麦叶枯病菌的生物学特性[J].植物保护学报,2008,35(5):469-470.
[10]练启仙,桑维钧,杨茂发.砂仁叶斑病病原菌鉴定及杀菌剂筛选[J].湖北农业科学,2009,48(9):2149-2150
[11]傅本重,王政又,伍建榕,等.美人蕉叶斑病病原菌的生物学特性及抑菌药剂筛选[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(31):27-31.
[12]王志霞,王斌,赵思峰,等.新疆红枣叶斑病菌生物学特性及室内药剂筛选研究[J].北方园艺,2003(8):132-135.
[13]M.D.Wu,G.Q.Li,D.H.Jiang.First Report of Pestalotiopsis microspora Causing Leaf Blight of Reineckea carnea in Central China[J].Plant Disease,2009,93(6):667.
[14]匙明强,王焱,叶建仁,等.水杉赤枯病病原形态及分子鉴定[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2013,37(5):75-80.
[15]刘昱锋,张铮,马银峰.三叶木通叶斑病病原菌鉴定[J].植物保护,2013,39(2):57-62.
[16]周小燕,张斌,耿坤,等.柑橘煤污病病原菌的研究[J].菌物学报,2013,32(4):758-763.
[17]罗宽,戴良英,廖晓兰,等.杂交稻种子带菌及保活剂处理与生活力的关系[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,28(4):317-319.