五轴联动机床运动轴位置信息高频率高精度实时采集
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摘要
高频率高精度的机床运动轴位置信息可用于精确地拟合出机床的加工轨迹,是机床动态误差监测、动态加工精度评估的基础。针对加工过程中机床运动轴位置信息高频率、高精度采集的难题,提出一种五轴联动机床运动轴位置信息高频率高精度实时采集方法。基于机床伺服系统位置环信号采集与分析获取高频原始位置信息,将高频原始位置信息转换为坐标值后进行线性误差补偿和考虑回转误差的齐次运动学变换,最终得到工件坐标系下刀位点坐标形式的高频率、高精度的机床运动轴位置信息。在一台配置西门子840Dsl系统的DMU 80P五轴数控机床上对采集方法进行验证,试验结果表明五轴同步采集频率达到1kHz;相对于机床静态定位精度,线性轴采集精度达到±2μm,旋转轴采集精度达到±0.0025°。
The high-frequency and high-precision machine tool motion axis location information can be used to fit the machining trajectory of the machine tool accurately, which is the foundation of dynamic error monitoring and dynamic machining accuracy evaluation. Aiming at the problem of acquiring high-frequency and high-precision machine tool motion axis location information, a method of high-frequency high-precision real-time acquisition for the motion axis of five-axis machine tool was put forward. This method based on gathering and analyzing the signal of the CNC servo system position loop for getting the high-frequency original position information. And then, compensate the linear errors and using homogeneous coordinates transformation which considers the rotary errors after the high-frequency original position information was transformed to coordinate values. The acquisition method was verified on a DMU 80 P five-axis machine tool with Sinumerik 840 Dsl system. The test indicates a conclusion that five-axis synchronous acquisition frequency reaches 1kHz, compared with the precision of the static location, linear axis acquisition precision reaches ±2μm and rotary axis acquisition precision reaches ±0.0025°.
The high-frequency and high-precision machine tool motion axis location information can be used to fit the machining trajectory of the machine tool accurately, which is the foundation of dynamic error monitoring and dynamic machining accuracy evaluation. Aiming at the problem of acquiring high-frequency and high-precision machine tool motion axis location information, a method of high-frequency high-precision real-time acquisition for the motion axis of five-axis machine tool was put forward. This method based on gathering and analyzing the signal of the CNC servo system position loop for getting the high-frequency original position information. And then, compensate the linear errors and using homogeneous coordinates transformation which considers the rotary errors after the high-frequency original position information was transformed to coordinate values. The acquisition method was verified on a DMU 80 P five-axis machine tool with Sinumerik 840 Dsl system. The test indicates a conclusion that five-axis synchronous acquisition frequency reaches 1kHz, compared with the precision of the static location, linear axis acquisition precision reaches ±2μm and rotary axis acquisition precision reaches ±0.0025°.
引文
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[3]WANG W,JIANG Z,TAO W J,et al.A new test part to identify performance of five-axis machine tool-Part I:geometrical and kinematic characteristics of S part[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2015,79(5-8):729-738.
[4]WANG W,JIANG Z,LI Q C,et al.A new test part to identify performance of five-axis machine tool-Part II validation of S part[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2015,79(5-8):739-756.
[5]JIANG Z,DING J X,SONG Z Y,et al.Modeling and simulation of surface morphology abnormality of‘S’test piece machined by five-axis CNC machine tool[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,85(9-12):2745-2759.
[6]FLORUSSEN G H J,SPAAN H A M.Dynamic R-test for rotary tables on 5-axis machine tools[J].Procedia CIRP,2012,1:536-539.
[7]ZHONG L,BI Q Z,HUANG N D,et al.Dynamic accuracy evaluation for five-axis machine tools using S trajectory deviation based on R-test measurement[J].International Journal of Machine Tools&Manufacture,2017,125:20-33.
[8]王帅,胡毅,何平,等.基于OPC技术实现西门子数控系统的数据采集[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2016(4):69-71.WANG Shuai,HU Yi,HE Ping,et al.The realization of data acquisition about Siemens CNC system based on OPC technology[J].Combination of Machine Tools and Automatic Processing Technology,2016(4):69-71.
[9]张高尉.基于西门子840D的数控机床生产过程状态监测系统研究[D].天津:天津大学,2014.ZHANG Gaowei.Research on production processing state monitor system for Siemens 840D NC machine tool[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2014.
[10]付林云.MES中数控车间数据采集系统的研究和应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2008.FU Linyun.Research and application of MES numerical control workshop data acquisition system[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2008.
[11]CONTE E G D,SCHüTZER K,ABACKERLI A J.Ahybrid monitoring-simulation system for contour error prediction on complex surfaces manufacturing[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2015,77(1-4):321-329.
[12]刘朝华,戴怡,石秀敏.SINUMERIK 810D/840D数控系统螺距误差补偿技术研究[J].机床与液压,2009,37(4):34-36.LIU Zhaohua,DAI Yi,SHI Xiumin.Study on pitch error compensation of SINUMERIK 8l0D/840D CNC system[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2009,37(4):34-36.
[13]刘朝华,戴怡,石秀敏.SINUMERIK 840D数控系统垂度误差补偿技术研究[J].机床与液压,2009,37(7):30-31.LIU Zhaohua,DAI Yi,SHI Xiumin.Study onsagerror compensation of SINUMERIK 840D CNC system[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2009,37(7):30-31.
[14]刘朝华,戴怡,石秀敏,等.西门子840D数控系统温度误差补偿的研究与应用[J].机床与液压,2009,37(9):12-13.LIU Zhaohua,DAI Yi,SHI Xiumin,et al.Study and application on temperature error compensation based on Siemens 840D CNC system[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2009,37(9):12-13.