土壤物理特性对胡萝卜机械拔取过程的影响
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摘要
胡萝卜是我国主要的蔬菜品种,分析胡萝卜拔取规律,可以为胡萝卜拔取式联合收获机械的研制提供支持。该文采用自主研制的数控式蔬菜拔取力测量试验台,对收获期典型品种胡萝卜进行拔取试验,统计试验数据并进行回归分析,研究预测土壤物性参数(土壤含水率、硬度及容重)与胡萝卜拔取力及拔取动态过程之间的关系。研究发现土壤含水率在20%～30%时,随着土壤含水率的提高、土壤硬度的降低和土壤容重的降低,胡萝卜的机械拔取力值会降低,但土壤对胡萝卜的拔取阻碍时间延长。
Carrot is an important vegetable in our country. The rule on carrot pulling was analyzed to support development of carrot pulling combine harvester. Pulling test on typical carrot of harvest was carried out by the self-developed numerical control test bench of vegetable pulling force. Test data were analyzed using regression to study predicts relationship between soil physical parameters( soil moisture content,hardness,bulk density) and carrot pulling processforce. Results showed that soil hardness and bulk density will decrease with increase of soil moisture when soil moisture was between 20% and 30%. Also mechanical pulling force of carrot decreases,and resistance time of soil on carrot pulling prolongs with increase of soil moisture.
Carrot is an important vegetable in our country. The rule on carrot pulling was analyzed to support development of carrot pulling combine harvester. Pulling test on typical carrot of harvest was carried out by the self-developed numerical control test bench of vegetable pulling force. Test data were analyzed using regression to study predicts relationship between soil physical parameters( soil moisture content,hardness,bulk density) and carrot pulling processforce. Results showed that soil hardness and bulk density will decrease with increase of soil moisture when soil moisture was between 20% and 30%. Also mechanical pulling force of carrot decreases,and resistance time of soil on carrot pulling prolongs with increase of soil moisture.
引文
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[10] Cokca E,Erol O,Armangil F. Effects of compaction moisture content on the shear strength of an understand clay[J]. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2004(22):285-297.
[11]刘小光,赵红华,冀晓东,等.油松和落叶松根与土界面摩擦特性[J].摩擦学学报,2012,32(6):550-556.LIU Xiaoguang, ZHAO Honghua, JI Xiaodong, et al. Friction characteristics of root-soil interface of pinus tabulaeformis and larix gmelinii[J]. Tribology,2012,32(6):550-556.
[2]韩霞,陈海涛,顿国强,等.胡萝卜收获机械化研究的现状分析[J].农机化研究,2015(7):259-263.HAN Xia,CHEN Haitao,DUN Guoqiang,et al. Analysis on situation of carrot mechanized harvesting technology[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research,2015(7):259-263.
[3]付威,陈海涛,王业成.萝卜收获机的设计及关键部件仿真优化[J].农机化研究,2008(11):101-103.FU Wei, CHEN Haitao, WANG Yecheng. The design of radish harvester and simulation optimization of key parts[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research,2008(11):101-103.
[4]周祖锷.农业物料学[M].北京:农业出版社,1994.
[5]金鑫,杜新武,王世光,等.胡萝卜收获机根茎分离装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(3),82-89.JIN Xin,DU Xinwu,WANG Shiguang,et al. Design and experiment of stems cutting device for carrot harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(3),82-89.
[6]王家胜,尚书旗.自走式双行胡萝卜联合收获机的研制及试验[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(12):38-43.WANG Jiasheng,SHANG Shuqi. Development and experiment of double-row self-propelled carrots combine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(12):38-43.
[7] Golacki,KA. A quick method to determine the mechanical condition of carrot roots[J]. Acta Horticulturae,1998(421):259-263.
[8]倪九派,高明,魏朝富,等.土壤含水率对浅层滑坡体不同层次土壤抗剪强度的影响[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(6):48-50.NI Jiupai,GAO Ming,WEI Chaofu,et al. Effects of soil water content on soil shearing strength to different soil layer of shallow landslide[J]. Journal of Soil And Water Conservation,2009,23(6):48-50.
[9]陈红星,李法虎,郝仕玲,等.土壤含水率与土壤碱度对土壤抗剪强度的影响[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(2):21-25.Chen Hongxing,Li Fahu,Hao Shiling,et al. Effects of soil water content and soil sodicity on soil shearing strength[J]. Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2007,23(2):21-25.
[10] Cokca E,Erol O,Armangil F. Effects of compaction moisture content on the shear strength of an understand clay[J]. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2004(22):285-297.
[11]刘小光,赵红华,冀晓东,等.油松和落叶松根与土界面摩擦特性[J].摩擦学学报,2012,32(6):550-556.LIU Xiaoguang, ZHAO Honghua, JI Xiaodong, et al. Friction characteristics of root-soil interface of pinus tabulaeformis and larix gmelinii[J]. Tribology,2012,32(6):550-556.