不同悬浮填料处理化粪池尾水的差异性及影响分析
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摘要
为探究不同悬浮填料处理化粪池尾水效果的差异性与影响,选取6种悬浮填料生物膜反应器,对某高校教师公寓化粪池尾水进行处理,检测填料表面的微生物附着情况及填料流化状态,分析COD_(Cr)、NH_3-N、TP的去除效果。结果表明,6种悬浮填料表面附着的微生物膜内均镜检到固着型微生物,生物膜生长良好。虽然所有填料的除磷效果不佳,但它们均能降低有机物浓度及C/N比值,可适应人工湿地后续处理。K型填料的总有效面积、流化程度均大于多面空心球填料、蛇皮丝悬浮球填料,但K1填料流化剧烈,生物膜附着弱,生化处理性能差,COD_(Cr),和NH_3-N的去除率仅为56.79%和30.15%;K3填料和多面空心球Ⅰ填料流化程度较好,COD_(Cr)的去除率分别为69.05%和67.26%,NH_3-N的去除率分别为44.00%和35.66%;其他3种填料流化程度较差,污染物去除效果不佳,COD_(Cr)和NH_3-N的去除率均值为63.56%和26.28%。由结果可知,悬浮填料的处理效果不仅受填料总有效表面积及容积负荷的影响,还受到流化程度的影响,流化程度直接影响了表面膜的更新和微生物的附着生长。
In order to explore the differences and influence of different suspended packings in the treatment of tail water from septic tank, biofilm reactors with six types of suspended packings were selected for the treatment of effluent from septic tanks of a university faculty apartment. Microorganisms attaching on packing surface and fluidization states of packings were observed, and removal efficiencies of COD_(Cr), NH_3-N, TP were determined. Results showed that sessile microorganism was found on the surface of all packings, indicating that the biofilm on packings grew well. Althogh all packings showed poor removal for phosphorous, they could effectively reduce organic concentration and C/N ratio, making the effluent suitable for the following treatment by artificial wetland. The total effective area and fluidization degree of K-Type packings were larger than those of multi-plane-hollow-sphere packings and snack-skin-filamentsuspension-ball packings. However, the fluidization of K1 packing was severe, leading to the weak biofilm adhesion as well as its poor biotreatment performance. Its removal rates for COD_(Cr) and NH_3-N were only 56. 79% and 30. 15%,respectively. The fluidization of K3 packing and multi-plane-hollow-sphere I packing were better,their removal rates were 69. 05% and 67. 26% for COD_(Cr),44. 00% and35. 66% for NH_3-N, respectively. The other three types of packings had poor fluidization degrees. Their average removal rates for COD_(Cr) and NH_3-N were 63. 56% and 26. 28%, respectively. The treatment effect of suspended packing is not only affected by total effective surface area and volume loading, but also by fluidization degree, which directly influences renewal of the surface biofilm on packings and adhesion growth of the microorganisms.
In order to explore the differences and influence of different suspended packings in the treatment of tail water from septic tank, biofilm reactors with six types of suspended packings were selected for the treatment of effluent from septic tanks of a university faculty apartment. Microorganisms attaching on packing surface and fluidization states of packings were observed, and removal efficiencies of COD_(Cr), NH_3-N, TP were determined. Results showed that sessile microorganism was found on the surface of all packings, indicating that the biofilm on packings grew well. Althogh all packings showed poor removal for phosphorous, they could effectively reduce organic concentration and C/N ratio, making the effluent suitable for the following treatment by artificial wetland. The total effective area and fluidization degree of K-Type packings were larger than those of multi-plane-hollow-sphere packings and snack-skin-filamentsuspension-ball packings. However, the fluidization of K1 packing was severe, leading to the weak biofilm adhesion as well as its poor biotreatment performance. Its removal rates for COD_(Cr) and NH_3-N were only 56. 79% and 30. 15%,respectively. The fluidization of K3 packing and multi-plane-hollow-sphere I packing were better,their removal rates were 69. 05% and 67. 26% for COD_(Cr),44. 00% and35. 66% for NH_3-N, respectively. The other three types of packings had poor fluidization degrees. Their average removal rates for COD_(Cr) and NH_3-N were 63. 56% and 26. 28%, respectively. The treatment effect of suspended packing is not only affected by total effective surface area and volume loading, but also by fluidization degree, which directly influences renewal of the surface biofilm on packings and adhesion growth of the microorganisms.
引文
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[2]王红燕,李杰,王亚娥,等.化粪池污水处理能力研究及其评价[J].兰州交通大学学报,2009,28(1):118-120,124.
[3]陈伟华,陈同辉,陈洪斌,等.悬浮填料生物膜反应器处理黑水的启动挂膜[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(2):566-572.
[4]许龙.关于悬浮填料生物接触氧化池设计的探讨[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(24):1-4.
[5]邹士洋,吕建斌,张建平,等.冲厕海水SBBR处理工艺中悬浮填料的选型[J].净水技术,2013,32(1):79-82.
[6]曹文平,张君,宫秀学,等.复合式竹丝填料生物反应器处理化粪池出水[J].中国给水排水,2010,26(3):106-108.
[7]魏宏斌,邹平,陈良才,等.悬浮填料生物膜法处理医院综合污水[J].净水技术,2008,27(3):73-75.
[8]陈同辉,陈伟华,陈洪斌,等.悬浮填料用于黑水处理的生物硝化反硝化性能研究[J].水处理技术,2017,43(2):107-111.
[9]王涛,贺玉萍,任艳龙.悬浮填料氧化沟小试系统的除磷途径探究[J].环境工程,2015,33(s1):162-164.
[10]周建平,郑国兴.悬浮填料在微污染原水生物预处理中的应用[J].净水技术,2005,24(5):48-51.