中华羊茅内生真菌共生体对多年生黑麦草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响
|
摘要
以青海和四川6个不同地理种群内生真菌侵染(E+)和未侵染的(E-)中华羊茅(Festuca sinensis)为材料,研究其对多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)品种维纳斯(Venus)和绅士(Esquire)种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:与对照相比, Venusl发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、种子活力指数、胚根长在种群99、141草粉处理下均显著下降(P<0.05), Esquire发芽势、发芽指数、种子活力指数在种群41和99草粉处理下均显著下降(P<0.05);同一地理种群84草粉处理Esquire,E+的发芽势和发芽指数显著低于E-(P<0.05),种群41草粉处理E+的总生物量显著低于E-(P<0.05);在相同处理下, Venusl品种的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、种子活力指数和胚芽长显著低于Esquire品种的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、种子活力指数和胚芽长,说明内生真菌能够影响黑麦草的萌发,且不同地理种群对其种子萌发作用不同,中华羊茅草粉对Venus的抑制作用更强,E+草粉的抑制作用强于E-。
The present study explored the effect of seeds germination and seedlings growth of perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne) culticars ‘Venus' and ‘Esquire' with 6 ecotypes of Festuca sinensis which endophyte infected(E+) and endophyte free(E-) were collected from Qinghai and Sichuan provinces.Results indicated that different ecotypes of F.sinensis powders significantly inhibited perennial ryegrass seed germination.Compare with control,‘Venus' significantly decreased seed germination rate,germination energy,germination index,seed vigor index and radicle length under the treatment of ecotype 99 and 141(P<0.05),‘Esquire' significantly(P<0.05) decreased germination energy,germination index,seed vigor index under the treatment of ecotype 41 and 99;In E-treatment group,the germination energy and germination index of ‘Esquire' under ecotype 84 significantly(P<0.05) lower than E-treatment.In E-treatment group,the total biomass of perennial ryegrass under ecotype 41 significantly(P<0.05) lower than E-treatment;Within same treatment,the seed germination rate,germination energy,germination index,seed vigor index and plumule length of ‘Venus' were significantly lower than ‘Esquire',which indicated that endophyte could affect the germination of ryegrass,and different ecotypes had different effects on seed germination.The inhibition of F.sinensis powder to ‘Venus' was stronger than ‘Esquire' and the E+ treatment inhibition was stronger than E-treatment.
The present study explored the effect of seeds germination and seedlings growth of perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne) culticars ‘Venus' and ‘Esquire' with 6 ecotypes of Festuca sinensis which endophyte infected(E+) and endophyte free(E-) were collected from Qinghai and Sichuan provinces.Results indicated that different ecotypes of F.sinensis powders significantly inhibited perennial ryegrass seed germination.Compare with control,‘Venus' significantly decreased seed germination rate,germination energy,germination index,seed vigor index and radicle length under the treatment of ecotype 99 and 141(P<0.05),‘Esquire' significantly(P<0.05) decreased germination energy,germination index,seed vigor index under the treatment of ecotype 41 and 99;In E-treatment group,the germination energy and germination index of ‘Esquire' under ecotype 84 significantly(P<0.05) lower than E-treatment.In E-treatment group,the total biomass of perennial ryegrass under ecotype 41 significantly(P<0.05) lower than E-treatment;Within same treatment,the seed germination rate,germination energy,germination index,seed vigor index and plumule length of ‘Venus' were significantly lower than ‘Esquire',which indicated that endophyte could affect the germination of ryegrass,and different ecotypes had different effects on seed germination.The inhibition of F.sinensis powder to ‘Venus' was stronger than ‘Esquire' and the E+ treatment inhibition was stronger than E-treatment.
引文
[1] Easton H S.Grasses and Neotyphodium endophytes:co-adaptation and adaptive breeding[J].Euphytica,2007,154(3):295-306.
[2] Brundrett M C.Mycorrhizal associations and other means of nutrition of vascular plants:understanding the global diversity of host plants by resolving conflicting information and developing reliable means of diagnosis[J].Plant & Soil,2009,320(1-2):37-77.
[3] Rodriguez R J,Jr J F W,Arnold A E,et al.Fungal endophytes:diversity and functional roles[J].New Phytologist,2009,182(2):314.
[4] Siegel M R,Latch G C M,Johnson M C.Fungal endophytes of grasses[J].Annual review of phytopathology,1987,25(1):293-315.
[5] 南志标,李春杰.禾草-内生真菌共生体在草地农业系统中的作用[J].生态学报,2004,24(3):605-616.
[6] Clay K.The ecology and evolution of endophytes[J].Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,1993,44(1-4):39-64.
[7] Clay K,Schardl C.Evolutionary origins and ecological co-nsequences of endophyte symbiosis with grasses[J].the american naturalist,2002,160(4):99-127.
[8] 南志标.内生真菌对布顿大麦草生长的影响[J].草业科学,1996(1):16-18.
[9] Latch G C M,Hunt W F,Musgrave D R.Endophytic fungi affect growth of perennial ryegrass.[J].New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research,1985,28(1):165-168.
[10] 李春杰.醉马草-内生真菌共生体生物学与生态学特性的研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2005.
[11] Li C J,Zhang X X,Li F,et al.Disease and pests resistance of endophyte infected and non-infected drunken horse grass[C]//Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Fungal Endophytes of Grasses.Dunedin,New Zealand:New Zealand Grassland Association,2007:111-114.
[12] Zhang X X,Li C J,Nan Z B.Effects of cadmium stress on growth and anti-oxidative systems in Achnatherum inebrians symbiotic with Neotyphodium gansuense[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,175(1):703-709.
[13] 张兴旭.醉马草-内生真菌共生体对胁迫的响应及其次生代谢产物活性的研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2012.
[14] 金文进,李春杰,南志标.中华羊茅内生真菌Neotyphodium sp.生物学与生理学特性的研究[J].菌物学报,2009,28(3):363-369.
[15] Panaccione D G,Tapper B A,Lane G A,et al.Biochemical outcome of blocking the ergot alkaloid pathway of a grass endophyte.[J].Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry,2003,51(22):6429-6437.
[16] Clay K,Schardl C.Evolutionary origins and ecological consequences of endophyte symbiosis with grasses[J].The American Naturalist,2002,160(S4):S99.
[17] Romani M,Piano E,Pecetti L.Collection and preliminary evaluation of native turfgrass accessions in Italy.[J].Genetic Resources & Crop Evolution,2002,49(4):341-349.
[18] Lamp C A,Forbes S J,Cade J W.Grasses of temperate Anstralia-A Field Guide.Inkata Press and CH Jerram & Assoeiates Science Publishers.2001.
[19] Prestidge R A,Thom E R,Marshall S L,et al.Influence of Acremonium lolii infection in perennial ryegrass on germination,emergence,survival,and growth of white clover[J].New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research,1992,35(2):225-234
[20] Sutherland B L,Hume D E,Tapper B A.Allelopathic effects of endophytea nfected perennial ryegrass extracts on white clover seedlings[J].New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research,1999,42(1):19-26.
[21] Springer T L.Allelopathic Effects on Germination and Seedling Growth of Clovers by Endophyte-Free and -Infected Tall Fescue[J].Crop Science,1996,36(6):1639-1642.
[22] Bush L P,Wilkinson H H,Schardl C L.Bioprotective Alkaloids of Grass-Fungal Endophyte Symbioses[J].Plant Physiology,1997,114(1):1.
[23] 旷宇.中华羊茅-内生真菌共生体的筛选与鉴定[D].兰州:兰州大学,2016.
[24] 徐冉,续荣治.用荞麦秸秆粉防除杂草的初步研究[J].植物保护,2002,28(5):24-26.
[25] 汪建军,麻安卫,汪治刚,等.不同温度和PEG处理对中华羊茅种子萌发的影响[J].草业学报,2016,25(4):73-80.
[26] 钟松,王文妮,周连玉,等.中华羊茅内生真菌发酵液对种子萌发特性的影响[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(5):736-739.
[27] Kfm R,Leonforte A,Cunningham P J,et al.Incidence of ryegrass endophyte (Neotyphodium lolii) and diversity of associated alkaloid concentrations among naturalised populations of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,2000,51(5):569-578.
[28] Prestidge R A,Thom E R,Marshall S L,et al.Influence of Acremonium lolii infection in perennial ryegrass on germination,emergence,survival,and growth of white clover[J].New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research,1992,35(2):225-234.
[2] Brundrett M C.Mycorrhizal associations and other means of nutrition of vascular plants:understanding the global diversity of host plants by resolving conflicting information and developing reliable means of diagnosis[J].Plant & Soil,2009,320(1-2):37-77.
[3] Rodriguez R J,Jr J F W,Arnold A E,et al.Fungal endophytes:diversity and functional roles[J].New Phytologist,2009,182(2):314.
[4] Siegel M R,Latch G C M,Johnson M C.Fungal endophytes of grasses[J].Annual review of phytopathology,1987,25(1):293-315.
[5] 南志标,李春杰.禾草-内生真菌共生体在草地农业系统中的作用[J].生态学报,2004,24(3):605-616.
[6] Clay K.The ecology and evolution of endophytes[J].Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,1993,44(1-4):39-64.
[7] Clay K,Schardl C.Evolutionary origins and ecological co-nsequences of endophyte symbiosis with grasses[J].the american naturalist,2002,160(4):99-127.
[8] 南志标.内生真菌对布顿大麦草生长的影响[J].草业科学,1996(1):16-18.
[9] Latch G C M,Hunt W F,Musgrave D R.Endophytic fungi affect growth of perennial ryegrass.[J].New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research,1985,28(1):165-168.
[10] 李春杰.醉马草-内生真菌共生体生物学与生态学特性的研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2005.
[11] Li C J,Zhang X X,Li F,et al.Disease and pests resistance of endophyte infected and non-infected drunken horse grass[C]//Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Fungal Endophytes of Grasses.Dunedin,New Zealand:New Zealand Grassland Association,2007:111-114.
[12] Zhang X X,Li C J,Nan Z B.Effects of cadmium stress on growth and anti-oxidative systems in Achnatherum inebrians symbiotic with Neotyphodium gansuense[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,175(1):703-709.
[13] 张兴旭.醉马草-内生真菌共生体对胁迫的响应及其次生代谢产物活性的研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2012.
[14] 金文进,李春杰,南志标.中华羊茅内生真菌Neotyphodium sp.生物学与生理学特性的研究[J].菌物学报,2009,28(3):363-369.
[15] Panaccione D G,Tapper B A,Lane G A,et al.Biochemical outcome of blocking the ergot alkaloid pathway of a grass endophyte.[J].Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry,2003,51(22):6429-6437.
[16] Clay K,Schardl C.Evolutionary origins and ecological consequences of endophyte symbiosis with grasses[J].The American Naturalist,2002,160(S4):S99.
[17] Romani M,Piano E,Pecetti L.Collection and preliminary evaluation of native turfgrass accessions in Italy.[J].Genetic Resources & Crop Evolution,2002,49(4):341-349.
[18] Lamp C A,Forbes S J,Cade J W.Grasses of temperate Anstralia-A Field Guide.Inkata Press and CH Jerram & Assoeiates Science Publishers.2001.
[19] Prestidge R A,Thom E R,Marshall S L,et al.Influence of Acremonium lolii infection in perennial ryegrass on germination,emergence,survival,and growth of white clover[J].New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research,1992,35(2):225-234
[20] Sutherland B L,Hume D E,Tapper B A.Allelopathic effects of endophytea nfected perennial ryegrass extracts on white clover seedlings[J].New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research,1999,42(1):19-26.
[21] Springer T L.Allelopathic Effects on Germination and Seedling Growth of Clovers by Endophyte-Free and -Infected Tall Fescue[J].Crop Science,1996,36(6):1639-1642.
[22] Bush L P,Wilkinson H H,Schardl C L.Bioprotective Alkaloids of Grass-Fungal Endophyte Symbioses[J].Plant Physiology,1997,114(1):1.
[23] 旷宇.中华羊茅-内生真菌共生体的筛选与鉴定[D].兰州:兰州大学,2016.
[24] 徐冉,续荣治.用荞麦秸秆粉防除杂草的初步研究[J].植物保护,2002,28(5):24-26.
[25] 汪建军,麻安卫,汪治刚,等.不同温度和PEG处理对中华羊茅种子萌发的影响[J].草业学报,2016,25(4):73-80.
[26] 钟松,王文妮,周连玉,等.中华羊茅内生真菌发酵液对种子萌发特性的影响[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(5):736-739.
[27] Kfm R,Leonforte A,Cunningham P J,et al.Incidence of ryegrass endophyte (Neotyphodium lolii) and diversity of associated alkaloid concentrations among naturalised populations of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,2000,51(5):569-578.
[28] Prestidge R A,Thom E R,Marshall S L,et al.Influence of Acremonium lolii infection in perennial ryegrass on germination,emergence,survival,and growth of white clover[J].New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research,1992,35(2):225-234.