双视场无盲点全景成像仪
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摘要
折返式全景成像技术作为一种新型的成像技术是光学设计领域近十几年的研究热点,但该技术有一个重大缺陷——在镜头的正前方存在观测盲区。本文设计了一种拥有双观测模式的新型全景成像仪。相比于传统的折返式全景成像仪,该仪器可以同时对前向视场360°×(0°~55°)和环形视场360°×(55°~95°)进行观测。其中,前向视场很好地补充了折返式光学系统的中央观测盲区,并增加了CCD探测器的面积利用率。该成像仪光学系统由前置透镜组、全景环形透镜和中继转像系统三部分组成。所有的透镜表面均为球面,具有易加工、低成本的特点。最后针对这种光学系统设计了对应的机械结构,从而为以后成像仪的加工、装调服务。该成像仪设计为折返式全景成像技术提供了一个新思路。
Aiming at the well known drawback of the catadioptric panoramic imaging technology,which has an observation blind area in front of the optical system,a new panoramic imager which has dual observation modes was designed in this paper.Compared with the traditional catadioptric panoramic imager,the instrument proposed could observe the forward 360°×(0°-55°) field of view and ring 360°×(55°-95°) field of view simultaneously.The forward field of view was a good complement to the central observation blind spot in ring field of view,which increased the utilization of CCD detector.The imaging instrument optical system consisted of a front lens group,apanoramic annular lens and a relay imaging system,and all surfaces of the optical system were spherical.The me-chanical structure of the new optical system was designed as well.This paper provides a new design method for the catadioptric panoramic imaging technology.
Aiming at the well known drawback of the catadioptric panoramic imaging technology,which has an observation blind area in front of the optical system,a new panoramic imager which has dual observation modes was designed in this paper.Compared with the traditional catadioptric panoramic imager,the instrument proposed could observe the forward 360°×(0°-55°) field of view and ring 360°×(55°-95°) field of view simultaneously.The forward field of view was a good complement to the central observation blind spot in ring field of view,which increased the utilization of CCD detector.The imaging instrument optical system consisted of a front lens group,apanoramic annular lens and a relay imaging system,and all surfaces of the optical system were spherical.The me-chanical structure of the new optical system was designed as well.This paper provides a new design method for the catadioptric panoramic imaging technology.
引文
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[12]张磊,刘东,师途,等.光学自由曲面面形检测技术[J].中国光学,2017,10(3):283-299.ZHANG L,LIU D,SHI T,et al..Optical freeform surfaces testing technologies[J].Chinese Optics,2017,10(3):283-299.(in Chinese)
[13]王孝坤.大口径离轴凸非球面系统拼接检验技术[J].中国光学,2016,9(1):130-136.WANG X K.Measurement of large off-axis convex asphere by systemic stitching testing method[J].Chinese Optics,2016,9(1):130-136.(in Chinese)
[14]POWELL L.Panoramic lens[J].Applied Optics,1994,33(1):7356-7361.
[15]MARTYNOV V N,JAKUSHENKOVA T I,URUSOVA M V.New constructions of panoramic annular lenses:design principle and output characteristics analysis[J].SPIE,2008,7100:71000.
[16]ZHOU X D,BAI J,WANG CH,et al..Comparison of two panoramic front unit arrangements in design of a super wide angle panoramic annular lens[J].Applied Optics,2016,55(12):3219-3225.
[17]田志辉,苗静,毛新越,等.LED显示屏相机采集的渐晕校正[J].发光学报,2016,37(8):1008-1013.TIAN ZH H,MIAO J,MAO X Y,et al..Calibration of camera vignetting surface on LED display screen[J].Chinese Journal of Luminescence,2016,37(8):1008-1013.(in Chinese)
[18]夏春秋,钟兴,刘春雨,等.高分辨率4f传像系统分辨率的影响因素分析[J].光学精密工程,2016,24(7):1573-1581.XIA CH Q,ZHONG X,LIU CH Y,et al..Analysis of influence factors of resolution in highresolution 4fimaging system[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2016,24(7):1573-1581.(in Chinese)
[2]白剑,牛爽,杨国光,等.全景光学环带凝视成像技术[J].红外与激光工程,2006,35(3):331-335.BAI J,NIE SH,YANG G G,et al..Panoramic optical annular staring imaging technology[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2006,35(3):331-335.(in Chinese)
[3]白剑,黄治,侯西云.单光学系统全景环带立体成像技术[J].红外与激光工程,2012,41(12):3342-3348.BAI J,HUANG ZH,HOU X Y.Design of panoramic stereo imaging with single optical system[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2012,41(12):3342-3348.(in Chinese)
[4]李明磊,高欣圆,李广云,等.地面三维激光扫描仪与外架数码相机间安置参数的高精度标定[J].光学精密工程,2016,24(9):2158-2166.LI M L,GAO X Y,LI G Y,et al..High accuracy calibration of installation parameters between 3D terrestrial laser scanner and external-installed digital camera[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2016,24(9):2158-2166.(in Chinese)
[5]LU L J,HU X Y,SHENG C Y.Optimization method for ultra-wide-angle and panoramic optical systems[J].Applied Optics,2012,51(17):3776-3786.
[6]李劲松,冯科.高分辨PAL成像系统的设计研究[J].光子学报,2014,43(10):1022002.LI J S,FENG K.Research on design of high resolution PAL-based panoramic imaging system[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2014,43(10):1022002.(in Chinese)
[7]HE Y,WANG L X,CAI Y.Monocular catadioptric panoramic depth estimation via causticsbased virtual scene transition[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America A,2016,33(9):1872-1879.
[8]PERNECHELE C.Hyper hemispheric lens[J].Optics Express,2016,24(5):5014-5019.
[9]薛庆生.星载多谱段双视场紫外大气探测仪[J].光学精密工程,2016,24(9):2101-2108.XUE Q SH.Spaceborne multiband UV atmospheric sounder with two fields[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2016,24(9):2101-2108.(in Chinese)
[10]WANG J H,LIANG Y CH,XU M.Design of panoramic lens based on ogive and aspheric surface[J].Optics Express,2015,23(15):19489-19499.
[11]LUO Y J,BAI J,ZHOU X D,et al..Non-blind area PAL system design based on dichroic filter[J].Optics Express,2016,24(5):4913-4923.
[12]张磊,刘东,师途,等.光学自由曲面面形检测技术[J].中国光学,2017,10(3):283-299.ZHANG L,LIU D,SHI T,et al..Optical freeform surfaces testing technologies[J].Chinese Optics,2017,10(3):283-299.(in Chinese)
[13]王孝坤.大口径离轴凸非球面系统拼接检验技术[J].中国光学,2016,9(1):130-136.WANG X K.Measurement of large off-axis convex asphere by systemic stitching testing method[J].Chinese Optics,2016,9(1):130-136.(in Chinese)
[14]POWELL L.Panoramic lens[J].Applied Optics,1994,33(1):7356-7361.
[15]MARTYNOV V N,JAKUSHENKOVA T I,URUSOVA M V.New constructions of panoramic annular lenses:design principle and output characteristics analysis[J].SPIE,2008,7100:71000.
[16]ZHOU X D,BAI J,WANG CH,et al..Comparison of two panoramic front unit arrangements in design of a super wide angle panoramic annular lens[J].Applied Optics,2016,55(12):3219-3225.
[17]田志辉,苗静,毛新越,等.LED显示屏相机采集的渐晕校正[J].发光学报,2016,37(8):1008-1013.TIAN ZH H,MIAO J,MAO X Y,et al..Calibration of camera vignetting surface on LED display screen[J].Chinese Journal of Luminescence,2016,37(8):1008-1013.(in Chinese)
[18]夏春秋,钟兴,刘春雨,等.高分辨率4f传像系统分辨率的影响因素分析[J].光学精密工程,2016,24(7):1573-1581.XIA CH Q,ZHONG X,LIU CH Y,et al..Analysis of influence factors of resolution in highresolution 4fimaging system[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2016,24(7):1573-1581.(in Chinese)