位涡倾向分布与台风Megi(2010)移动的关系及其影响因子
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摘要
结合数值试验结果对台风Megi(2010)不同半径内的位涡倾向(potential vorticity tendency,PVT)质心位置变化与台风移动的关系进行了探讨,并对PVT方程中不同因子影响PVT质心位置的作用范围进行了研究。结果表明,较小台风半径内的正PVT质心位置变化与台风移动具有较好对应关系,可指示"Megi"转向,较大台风半径内的PVT分布变化虽不直接指示"Megi"转向,但可反映对应区域内大气动力、热力状况发生了有利于"Megi"转向的调整。PVT质心移动受位涡水平平流项的影响较大,受垂直平流项和非绝热加热项的影响相对较小,PVT方程中与台风内部对流活动有关的垂直平流项和非绝热加热项可对"Megi"中心附近PVT分布产生影响,而与台风水平环流有关的水平平流项除可对较小台风半径内PVT分布造成影响外,还可将台风位涡向外输送,是导致不同半径内PVT质心位置差异的主要原因。
Relationship between changes of(potential vorticity tendency,PVT)centroid positions in different radii and the movement of Typhoon Megi was analyzed by numerical experiment, and the impact radius of PVT equation factors on PVT centroids positions was also discussed.The results show that within smaller radius, changes of the positive PVT centroid position are in accordance with Megi's movement and are able to indicate the recurving of Megi.However,within larger radius, though the positive PVT centroid does not indicate the movement and turning of Megi directly,it reflects that the adjustment of atmospheric dynamical and thermal conditions in the corresponding area are favorable for Megi's steering.PVT centroid movement is mainly affected by the horizontal advection,and is less affected by vertical advection and diabatic heating.The influences of vertical advection and diabatic heating related to thermal convection of Megi on PVT distribution are mainly concentrated near typhoon center.However,horizontal advection related to typhoon horizontal circulation can not only affect the PVT distribution within small radius,but also transport typhoon potential vorticity to farther area along northeast direction,which is the main reason for the difference of positive PVT centroid positions within different radii.
Relationship between changes of(potential vorticity tendency,PVT)centroid positions in different radii and the movement of Typhoon Megi was analyzed by numerical experiment, and the impact radius of PVT equation factors on PVT centroids positions was also discussed.The results show that within smaller radius, changes of the positive PVT centroid position are in accordance with Megi's movement and are able to indicate the recurving of Megi.However,within larger radius, though the positive PVT centroid does not indicate the movement and turning of Megi directly,it reflects that the adjustment of atmospheric dynamical and thermal conditions in the corresponding area are favorable for Megi's steering.PVT centroid movement is mainly affected by the horizontal advection,and is less affected by vertical advection and diabatic heating.The influences of vertical advection and diabatic heating related to thermal convection of Megi on PVT distribution are mainly concentrated near typhoon center.However,horizontal advection related to typhoon horizontal circulation can not only affect the PVT distribution within small radius,but also transport typhoon potential vorticity to farther area along northeast direction,which is the main reason for the difference of positive PVT centroid positions within different radii.
引文
毕鑫鑫,陈光华,周伟灿,2018.超强台风“天鹅”(2015)路径突变过程机理研究[J].大气科学,42(1):227-238.Bi X X,Chen G H,Zhou W C,2018.A mechanism study on the sudden track change of super Typhoon Goni(2015)[J].Chin J Atmos Sci,42(1):227-238(in Chinese).
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陈联寿,徐祥德,解以扬,等,1997.台风异常运动及其外区热力不稳定非对称结构的影响效应[J].大气科学,21(1):83-90.Chen L S,Xu X D,Xie Y Y,et al,1997.The effect of tropical cyclone asymmetric thermodynamic structure on its unusual motion[J].Sci Atmos Sin,21(1):83-90(in Chinese).
陈涛,毕宝贵,2004.环境气流及非绝热加热对热带气旋结构和移动的影响[J].热带气象学报,20(5):530-536.Chen T,Bi B G,2004.The impact of basic flow and diabatic heating on motion and structure of tropical cyclone[J].J Trop Meteor,20(5):530-536(in Chinese).
费建芳,李波,黄小刚,等,2011.位涡反演理论在台风领域中的应用研究进展[J].大气科学学报,34(5):621-626.Fei J F,Li B,Huang X G,et al,2011.Advances in application of potential vorticity inversion theory in typhoon research[J].Trans Atmos Sci,34(5):621-626(in Chinese).
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黎惠金,黄明策,覃昌柳,2016.台风“尤特”的等熵位涡分析[J].高原气象,35(3):777-787.Li H J,Huang M C,Qin C L,2016.Isentropic potential vorticity analysis of typhoon"Utor"[J].Plateau Meteor,35(3):777-787(in Chinese).
刘科成,1989.Abby(8305)台风路径的动力诊断分析[J].大气科学,13(1):108-112.Liu K C,1989.A dynamical diagnosis and analysis of Typhoon Abby's movement[J].Sci Atmos Sin,13(1):108-112(in Chinese).
罗哲贤,陈联寿,1995.台湾岛地形对台风移动路径的作用[J].大气科学,19(6):701-706.Luo Z X,Chen L S,1995.Effect of the orography of Taiwan Island on typhoon tracks[J].Sci Atmos Sin,19(6):701-706(in Chinese).
邵颖斌,沈新勇,刘佳,等.2014.台风“鲇鱼”路径突变前后等熵位涡非对称结构的对比分析[J].热带气象学报,30(2):261-269.Shao Y B,Shen X Y,Liu J,et al,2014.Contrastive research on the asymmetric isentropic potential vorticity structure before and after the sudden track change of Typhoon Megi[J].J Trop Meteor,30(2):261-269(in Chinese).
寿绍文,2010.位涡理论及其应用[J].气象,36(3):9-18.Shou S W,2010.Theory and application of potential vorticity[J].Meteor Mon,36(3):9-18(in Chinese).
陶祖钰,郑永光,2012.位温、等熵位涡与锋和对流层顶的分析方法[J].气象,38(1):17-27.Tao Z Y,Zheng Y G,2012.Analysis methods on potential temperature,isentropic potential vorticity,front and tropopause[J].Meteor Mon,38(1):17-27(in Chinese).
王雨星,钟中,孙源,等,2017.两种边界层参数化方案模拟热带气旋Megi(2010)路径差异的机理分析[J].地球物理学报,60(7):2545-2555.Wang Y X,Zhong Z,Sun Y,et al,2017.The mechanism analysis of the track deviation of tropical cyclone Megi(2010)simulated with two planetary boundary layer schemes[J].Chin J Geophys,60(7):2545-2555(in Chinese).
袁敏,平凡,李国平,2018.位涡倾向在Muifa台风路径转折中的应用[J].大气科学,42(2):281-291.Yuan M,Ping F,Li G P,2018.Application of potential vorticity tendency in track recurvature study of Typhoon Muifa[J].Chin J Atmos Sci,42(2):281-291(in Chinese).
Archambault H M,Keyser D,Bosart L F,et al,2015.A composite perspective of the extratropical flow response to recurving western North Pacific tropical cyclones[J].Mon Wea Rev,143(4):1122-1141.
Carr L E III,Elsberry R L,1995.Monsoonal interactions leading to sudden tropical cyclone track changes[J].Mon Wea Rev,123(2):265-289.
Chan J C L,Ko F M F,Lei Y M,2002.Relationship between potential vorticity tendency and tropical cyclone motion[J].J Atmos Sci,59(8):1317-1336.
Dong K Q,Neumann C J,1983.On the relative motion of binary tropical cyclones[J].Mon Wea Rev,111(5):945-953.
Frank W M,1977.The structure and energetics of the tropical cyclone I.storm structure[J].Mon Wea Rev,105(9):1119-1135.
Grell G A,Devenyi D,2002.A generalized approach to parameterizing convection combining ensemble and data assimilation techniques[J].Geophys Res Lett,29(14):1693-1696.
Hong S Y,Dudhia J,Chen S H,2004.A revised approach to ice microphysical processes for the bulk parameterization of clouds and precipitation[J].Mon Wea Rev,132(1):103-120.
Janjic Z I,2001.Nonsingular implementation of the Mellor-Yamada leyel 2.5 scheme in the NCEP Meso Model[Z].NCEP Office Note No.437.
Kawamura R,Ogasawara T,2006.On the role of typhoons in generating PJ teleconnection patterns over the Western North Pacific in late summer[J].Sola,2:37-40.
Kunz A,Sprenger M,Wernli H,2015.Climatology of potential vorticity streamers and associated isentropic transport pathways across PV gradient barriers[J].J Geophys Res,120(9):3802-3821.
Mellor G L,Yamada T,1982.Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems[J].Rev Geophys,20(4):851-875.
Shapiro L J,Franklin J L,1995.Potential vorticity in hurricane Gloria[J].Mon Wea Rev,123(5):1465-1475.
Shi W L,Fei J F,Huang X G,et al,2014.A numerical study on the combined effect of midlatitude and low-latitude systems on the abrupt track deflection of Typhoon Megi(2010)[J].Mon Wea Rev,142(7):2483-2501.
Sun Y,Zhong Z,Lu W,et al,2014.Why are tropical cyclone tracks over the Western North Pacific sensitive to the cumulus parameterization scheme in regional climate modeling?A case study for Megi(2010)[J].Mon Wea Rev,142(3):1240-1249.
Sun Y,Zhong Z,Lu W,2015.Sensitivity of tropical cyclone feedback on the intensity of the Western Pacific subtropical high to microphysics schemes[J].J Atmos Sci,72(4):1346-1368.
Torn R D,Davis C A,2012.The influence of shallow convection on tropical cyclone track forecasts[J].Mon Wea Rev,140(7):2188-2197.
Wu L G,Wang B,2000.A potential vorticity tendency diagnostic approach for tropical cyclone motion[J].Mon Wea Rev,128(6):1899-1911.
Yamada K,Kawamura R,2007.Dynamical link between typhoon activity and the PJ teleconnection pattern from early summer to autumn as revealed by the JRA-25 reanalysis[J].SOLA,3:65-68.
陈联寿,孟智勇,2001.我国热带气旋研究十年进展[J].大气科学,25(3):420-432.Chen L S,Meng Z Y,2001.An overview on tropical cyclone research progress in China during the past ten years[J].Chin J Atmos Sci,25(3):420-432(in Chinese).
陈联寿,徐祥德,解以扬,等,1997.台风异常运动及其外区热力不稳定非对称结构的影响效应[J].大气科学,21(1):83-90.Chen L S,Xu X D,Xie Y Y,et al,1997.The effect of tropical cyclone asymmetric thermodynamic structure on its unusual motion[J].Sci Atmos Sin,21(1):83-90(in Chinese).
陈涛,毕宝贵,2004.环境气流及非绝热加热对热带气旋结构和移动的影响[J].热带气象学报,20(5):530-536.Chen T,Bi B G,2004.The impact of basic flow and diabatic heating on motion and structure of tropical cyclone[J].J Trop Meteor,20(5):530-536(in Chinese).
费建芳,李波,黄小刚,等,2011.位涡反演理论在台风领域中的应用研究进展[J].大气科学学报,34(5):621-626.Fei J F,Li B,Huang X G,et al,2011.Advances in application of potential vorticity inversion theory in typhoon research[J].Trans Atmos Sci,34(5):621-626(in Chinese).
何丽华,孔凡超,李江波,等,2007.影响河北两次相似路径台风的湿位涡对比分析[J].气象,33(4):65-70.He L H,Kong F C,Li J B,et al,2007.Analysis of wet potential vorticity of two similar typhoons affecting Hebei Province[J].Meteor Mon,33(4):65-70(in Chinese).
黎惠金,黄明策,覃昌柳,2016.台风“尤特”的等熵位涡分析[J].高原气象,35(3):777-787.Li H J,Huang M C,Qin C L,2016.Isentropic potential vorticity analysis of typhoon"Utor"[J].Plateau Meteor,35(3):777-787(in Chinese).
刘科成,1989.Abby(8305)台风路径的动力诊断分析[J].大气科学,13(1):108-112.Liu K C,1989.A dynamical diagnosis and analysis of Typhoon Abby's movement[J].Sci Atmos Sin,13(1):108-112(in Chinese).
罗哲贤,陈联寿,1995.台湾岛地形对台风移动路径的作用[J].大气科学,19(6):701-706.Luo Z X,Chen L S,1995.Effect of the orography of Taiwan Island on typhoon tracks[J].Sci Atmos Sin,19(6):701-706(in Chinese).
邵颖斌,沈新勇,刘佳,等.2014.台风“鲇鱼”路径突变前后等熵位涡非对称结构的对比分析[J].热带气象学报,30(2):261-269.Shao Y B,Shen X Y,Liu J,et al,2014.Contrastive research on the asymmetric isentropic potential vorticity structure before and after the sudden track change of Typhoon Megi[J].J Trop Meteor,30(2):261-269(in Chinese).
寿绍文,2010.位涡理论及其应用[J].气象,36(3):9-18.Shou S W,2010.Theory and application of potential vorticity[J].Meteor Mon,36(3):9-18(in Chinese).
陶祖钰,郑永光,2012.位温、等熵位涡与锋和对流层顶的分析方法[J].气象,38(1):17-27.Tao Z Y,Zheng Y G,2012.Analysis methods on potential temperature,isentropic potential vorticity,front and tropopause[J].Meteor Mon,38(1):17-27(in Chinese).
王雨星,钟中,孙源,等,2017.两种边界层参数化方案模拟热带气旋Megi(2010)路径差异的机理分析[J].地球物理学报,60(7):2545-2555.Wang Y X,Zhong Z,Sun Y,et al,2017.The mechanism analysis of the track deviation of tropical cyclone Megi(2010)simulated with two planetary boundary layer schemes[J].Chin J Geophys,60(7):2545-2555(in Chinese).
袁敏,平凡,李国平,2018.位涡倾向在Muifa台风路径转折中的应用[J].大气科学,42(2):281-291.Yuan M,Ping F,Li G P,2018.Application of potential vorticity tendency in track recurvature study of Typhoon Muifa[J].Chin J Atmos Sci,42(2):281-291(in Chinese).
Archambault H M,Keyser D,Bosart L F,et al,2015.A composite perspective of the extratropical flow response to recurving western North Pacific tropical cyclones[J].Mon Wea Rev,143(4):1122-1141.
Carr L E III,Elsberry R L,1995.Monsoonal interactions leading to sudden tropical cyclone track changes[J].Mon Wea Rev,123(2):265-289.
Chan J C L,Ko F M F,Lei Y M,2002.Relationship between potential vorticity tendency and tropical cyclone motion[J].J Atmos Sci,59(8):1317-1336.
Dong K Q,Neumann C J,1983.On the relative motion of binary tropical cyclones[J].Mon Wea Rev,111(5):945-953.
Frank W M,1977.The structure and energetics of the tropical cyclone I.storm structure[J].Mon Wea Rev,105(9):1119-1135.
Grell G A,Devenyi D,2002.A generalized approach to parameterizing convection combining ensemble and data assimilation techniques[J].Geophys Res Lett,29(14):1693-1696.
Hong S Y,Dudhia J,Chen S H,2004.A revised approach to ice microphysical processes for the bulk parameterization of clouds and precipitation[J].Mon Wea Rev,132(1):103-120.
Janjic Z I,2001.Nonsingular implementation of the Mellor-Yamada leyel 2.5 scheme in the NCEP Meso Model[Z].NCEP Office Note No.437.
Kawamura R,Ogasawara T,2006.On the role of typhoons in generating PJ teleconnection patterns over the Western North Pacific in late summer[J].Sola,2:37-40.
Kunz A,Sprenger M,Wernli H,2015.Climatology of potential vorticity streamers and associated isentropic transport pathways across PV gradient barriers[J].J Geophys Res,120(9):3802-3821.
Mellor G L,Yamada T,1982.Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems[J].Rev Geophys,20(4):851-875.
Shapiro L J,Franklin J L,1995.Potential vorticity in hurricane Gloria[J].Mon Wea Rev,123(5):1465-1475.
Shi W L,Fei J F,Huang X G,et al,2014.A numerical study on the combined effect of midlatitude and low-latitude systems on the abrupt track deflection of Typhoon Megi(2010)[J].Mon Wea Rev,142(7):2483-2501.
Sun Y,Zhong Z,Lu W,et al,2014.Why are tropical cyclone tracks over the Western North Pacific sensitive to the cumulus parameterization scheme in regional climate modeling?A case study for Megi(2010)[J].Mon Wea Rev,142(3):1240-1249.
Sun Y,Zhong Z,Lu W,2015.Sensitivity of tropical cyclone feedback on the intensity of the Western Pacific subtropical high to microphysics schemes[J].J Atmos Sci,72(4):1346-1368.
Torn R D,Davis C A,2012.The influence of shallow convection on tropical cyclone track forecasts[J].Mon Wea Rev,140(7):2188-2197.
Wu L G,Wang B,2000.A potential vorticity tendency diagnostic approach for tropical cyclone motion[J].Mon Wea Rev,128(6):1899-1911.
Yamada K,Kawamura R,2007.Dynamical link between typhoon activity and the PJ teleconnection pattern from early summer to autumn as revealed by the JRA-25 reanalysis[J].SOLA,3:65-68.