均匀设计法优化香水柠檬果皮绿色素提取工艺
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摘要
目的探讨均匀设计法优化香水柠檬果皮绿色素提取工艺并观察其稳定性。方法选取市售香水柠檬,利用甲醇、乙醇和水作为提取溶剂,以筛选最佳的提取溶剂。用均匀设计法优化提取方案,提取并测定提取液中的绿色素吸光度,分析不同提取方案的提取结果。对最佳提取方案获得的绿色素进行稳定性探究。结果乙醇的提取效果最佳。最佳提取工艺为提取时间210 min,提取温度30℃,液料比为5∶1(m L/g),乙醇体积分数为90%,在此条件下获得的提取液吸光度均值为(4. 67±0. 37)。山梨酸钾、氯化钠、日光灯照射和阳光照射处理对提取液吸光度影响较大,柠檬酸、维生素C和避光处理对绿色素的吸光度影响不显著。结论该提取工艺能获得含量较高的绿色素,但所提取绿色素的稳定性易受食品添加剂和保存条件的影响,避光保存可避免绿色素降解。
Objective To study the extraction process of the green pigment from Citrus Limon( L.) Burm. F. peel by homogeneous design method and its stability. Methods The best extractant of green pigment from Citrus Limon Burm. F. peel was selected from methanol,ethanol and water which was sold in the market. Extraction process were optimized by homogeneous design method. The results of different extraction process were tested by measuring the absorbance of green pigment to optimize the best one. Then the stability of green pigment extracted under the optimal process were analyzed. Results The results showed that ethanol was suitable for extracting green pigment of Citrus Limon( L.) Burm. F. peel and the optimum extractions were 210 min,temperature of 30 ℃,ratio of liquid to material as 5∶ 1( m L/g),ethanol concentration of 90%. Under the optimum extraction condition,the average absorbance of green pigment extracted was( 4. 67 ± 0. 37). The absorbance of green pigment extracted was obviously influenced by potassium sorbate,sodium chloride,fluorescent lamp irradiation and sunlight irradiation,while there was no significantly influenced on the stability of green pigment extracted by the citric acid,vitamin C and photophobic treatment. Conclusion The high green pigment yield can be obtained by our optimum extraction process,the stability of the extracted liquid is easily affected by food additives and storage conditions,and the degration can be prevented by keeping it away from light.
Objective To study the extraction process of the green pigment from Citrus Limon( L.) Burm. F. peel by homogeneous design method and its stability. Methods The best extractant of green pigment from Citrus Limon Burm. F. peel was selected from methanol,ethanol and water which was sold in the market. Extraction process were optimized by homogeneous design method. The results of different extraction process were tested by measuring the absorbance of green pigment to optimize the best one. Then the stability of green pigment extracted under the optimal process were analyzed. Results The results showed that ethanol was suitable for extracting green pigment of Citrus Limon( L.) Burm. F. peel and the optimum extractions were 210 min,temperature of 30 ℃,ratio of liquid to material as 5∶ 1( m L/g),ethanol concentration of 90%. Under the optimum extraction condition,the average absorbance of green pigment extracted was( 4. 67 ± 0. 37). The absorbance of green pigment extracted was obviously influenced by potassium sorbate,sodium chloride,fluorescent lamp irradiation and sunlight irradiation,while there was no significantly influenced on the stability of green pigment extracted by the citric acid,vitamin C and photophobic treatment. Conclusion The high green pigment yield can be obtained by our optimum extraction process,the stability of the extracted liquid is easily affected by food additives and storage conditions,and the degration can be prevented by keeping it away from light.
引文
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[3]刘义武,王碧.柠檬营养成分与综合利用研究进展[J].内江师范学院学报,2012,27(8):46-51.
[4]章斌,秦轶,邓其海,等.柠檬果皮精油的应用研究进展[J].食品研究与开发,2013,34(21):119-122.
[5]谢林,张泗淮,王平先.柠檬酒的研制[J].酿酒科技,2002(2):94.
[6]王毅,刘学文,伍学明,等.柠檬果醋醋酸发酵工艺的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2011,32(1):75-78.
[7]范兰娣.冻干柠檬片生产工艺的研究[J].食品科技,2009,34(5):54-56.
[8]邵海,龚钢明.植物精油在药理和农药方面的研究进展[J].中国野生植物资源,2008,27(5):5-9.
[9]刘学文,徐汉虹,鞠荣,等.植物精油在农药领域中的研究进展[J].香精香料化妆品,2004(2):36-39.
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[11]方开泰.均匀设计及其应用[J].数理统计与管理,1994,13(3):57-63.