间隙冲击导致联轴器叉头断裂的数值模拟及实验验证
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摘要
由于设计、安装以及磨损等因素导致中厚板轧机主传动系统存在不同间隙,在咬钢冲击或打滑条件下,各轴段在间隙内发生重复碰撞,造成振幅增加。针对某钢厂现役中厚板轧机联轴器叉头断裂事故,将轧机的主传动系统简化成4自由度非线性扭振模型,在MATLAB中建立轧机主传动系统的仿真模型,采用数值计算方法得到轧机在间隙冲击下各轴段的扭矩曲线以及对扭矩放大系数的影响,并通过采集连接轴的应变数据,得到应变曲线。研究结果给出了轧制过程中联轴器叉头断裂事故的原因之一,由间隙产生的冲击改变了系统的加载方式,轧辊咬入钢坯的速度越高,扭振响应越严重。
The main drive system of plate mill has different clearances due to some factors of design,installation and wear,the repeated collisions occurs in the gaps under the condition of biting steel impact or slipping for each shaft section,and the amplitude is increased.For the fracture accident of coupling fork head of the existing plate mill in a steel mill,the main drive system of rolling mill was simplified into a four-degree-of-freedom nonlinear torsional vibration model,and a simulation model of the main drive system of rolling mill was established by MATLAB. Then,the torque curve of each shaft section under the gap impact and the influence on the torque amplification factor were obtained by the numerical calculation method for the rolling mill,and the strain curve was obtained by collecting the strain data of coupling shaft. The result shows that one of the reasons for the fracture accident of coupling fork head during the rolling process is that the impact generated by the gap changes the loading mode of system,and the higher the speed of roller biting into billet is,the more severe the torsional vibration response is.
The main drive system of plate mill has different clearances due to some factors of design,installation and wear,the repeated collisions occurs in the gaps under the condition of biting steel impact or slipping for each shaft section,and the amplitude is increased.For the fracture accident of coupling fork head of the existing plate mill in a steel mill,the main drive system of rolling mill was simplified into a four-degree-of-freedom nonlinear torsional vibration model,and a simulation model of the main drive system of rolling mill was established by MATLAB. Then,the torque curve of each shaft section under the gap impact and the influence on the torque amplification factor were obtained by the numerical calculation method for the rolling mill,and the strain curve was obtained by collecting the strain data of coupling shaft. The result shows that one of the reasons for the fracture accident of coupling fork head during the rolling process is that the impact generated by the gap changes the loading mode of system,and the higher the speed of roller biting into billet is,the more severe the torsional vibration response is.
引文
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[2]魏志恒,徐海,朱辰,等. F4轧机工作辊垂扭耦合振动仿真与分析[J].锻压技术,2016,41(11):93-97.Wei Z H,Xu H,Zhu C,et al. Simulation and analysis on the coupling vibration of working roll for mill F4[J]. Forging&Stamping Technology,2016,41(11):93-97.
[3]黄永强.机械振动理论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1996.Huang Y Q. Theory of Mechanical Vibration[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,1996.
[4]陈昌明,陈莹莹,李真,等.初轧机主传动系统的扭转振动[J].金属学报,1985,21(5):105-115.Chen C M,Chen Y Y,Li Z,et al. Torsional vibration in blooming mill drive system[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica,1985,21(5):105-115.
[5]申延智,刘宏民,熊杰,等.厚板轧机含间隙主传动系统混沌动力学分析[J].工程力学,2010,27(7):232-236.Shen Y Z,Liu H M,Xiong J,et al. Analysis of chaotic behavior of the main drive system with clearance of a heavy plate mill[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(7):232-236.
[6]吴炳胜,牛培.基于Adams的冷轧机工作辊振动分析与仿真[J].锻压技术,2015,40(11):159-163.Wu B S,Niu P. Analysis and simulation of work rolls in cold rolling mill based on Adams[J]. Forging&Stamping Technology,2015,40(11):159-163.
[7]李明轩,苏小平.轧机传动系统关键零部件疲劳仿真方法研究[J].机械设计与制造,2015,(5):215-219.Li M X,Su X P. A research on fatigue simulation method for the key parts of mill drive transmissing system[J]. Machinery Design&Manufacture,2015,(5):215-219.
[8]邹家祥.轧钢机现代设计理论[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1991.Zou J X. Modern Design Theory of Rolling Mill[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1991.
[9]杨致政,倪新宇,李守华,等.轧机接轴扭矩动态测试信号分析及评价[J].中国测试技术,2005,31(1):21-23.Yang Z Z,Ni X Y,Li S H,et al. Analysis and evaluation of the axle torsion signal of rolling mill base on dynamic test[J]. China Measurement Technology,2005,31(1):21-23.
[10] Wang J F,Lionel M Cartright. Torsional vibration model in and dynamic simulation of a rolling stand power transmission system[J]. Iron and Steel Engineer,1999,(6):17-21.
[11]闫晓强,曹曦,刘丽娜,等.轧机主传动系统异常振动仿真研究[J].系统仿真学报,2009,21(11):3439-3442,3459.Yan X Q,Cao X,Liu L N,et al. Simulation research on exceptional vibration of mill main drive system[J]. Journal of System Simulation,2009,21(11):3439-3442,3459.
[12]李宝童,吴运新,隆志力.上、下辊分别驱动的四辊轧机主传动系统扭振研究[J].重型机械,2006,(6):17-21.Li B T,Wu Y X,Long Z L. Torsional research of the main drive system of hot strip continuous rolling mill[J]. Heavy Machinery,2006,(6):17-21.