事故车辆影响下的城市道路交通仿真研究
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摘要
为研究事故车辆影响下城市道路交通的特征,构建考虑车辆抢道行为的元胞自动机交通流模型,研究给定冲突区域长度下不同进车率和不同事故持续时间对城市道路交通流的影响。研究结果表明:事故车辆会诱发交通瓶颈,对城市交通产生显著干扰并形成拥堵带,且拥堵带向事故车辆上游传递。不同事故持续时间下交通流演化存在差异,道路平均车流量、车流平均密度随着事故持续时间的增加而增加,车辆平均速度随之减小。当道路中车辆较少(p_(in)=0. 3)且事故持续时间达到15 min时,交通处于严重拥堵状态;当道路中车辆较多(p_(in)=0. 5)、事故持续时间达到5 min时,交通即处于严重拥堵状态。研究结果可为优化城市交通事故处理机制提供依据。
In order to study the characteristics of urban road traffic under the effect of accident vehicle,a traffic flow model of cellular automata considering the behavior of vehicle cutting in was established,and the influence of different probabilities of vehicle entering into road per unit time step( p_(in)) and different accident duration on the traffic flow of urban road under given length of conflict area was studied. The results showed that the accident vehicle would cause the traffic bottleneck and produce obvious disturbance on the urban traffic,then the congestion zone formed and spread toward upstream of the accident vehicle. The evolution of traffic flow under different accident duration were different,,the average vehicle flow rate of road and the average density of vehicle flow increased with the increase of accident duration,then the average speed decreased.When the vehicles on the road were less( p_(in)= 0. 3) and the accident duration reached 15 minutes,the traffic was in the severe congestion status,while when the vehicles on the road were more( p_(in)= 0. 5) and the accident duration reached 5 minutes,the traffic was then in the severe congestion status. The results can provide the basis for optimizing the handling mechanism of urban traffic accidents.
In order to study the characteristics of urban road traffic under the effect of accident vehicle,a traffic flow model of cellular automata considering the behavior of vehicle cutting in was established,and the influence of different probabilities of vehicle entering into road per unit time step( p_(in)) and different accident duration on the traffic flow of urban road under given length of conflict area was studied. The results showed that the accident vehicle would cause the traffic bottleneck and produce obvious disturbance on the urban traffic,then the congestion zone formed and spread toward upstream of the accident vehicle. The evolution of traffic flow under different accident duration were different,,the average vehicle flow rate of road and the average density of vehicle flow increased with the increase of accident duration,then the average speed decreased.When the vehicles on the road were less( p_(in)= 0. 3) and the accident duration reached 15 minutes,the traffic was in the severe congestion status,while when the vehicles on the road were more( p_(in)= 0. 5) and the accident duration reached 5 minutes,the traffic was then in the severe congestion status. The results can provide the basis for optimizing the handling mechanism of urban traffic accidents.
引文
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[2]陈春.道路交通事故的影响因素研究——基于结构方程模型的实证研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2014,10(5):110-116.CHENG Chun. Research on influencing factors of road traffic accidents-empirical study based on structural equation model[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2014,10(5):110-116.
[3] BAYKAL-GRSOY M,XIAO W,OZBAY K. Modeling traffic flow interrupted by incidents[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,2009,195(1):127-138.
[4] LI X A,LAM WHK,SHAO H,et al. Dynamic modelling of traffic incident impacts on network reliability[J]. Transport Metrica A Transport Science,2015,11(9):1-31.
[5] LONG J C,GAO Z Y,ZHAO X M. Urban traffic jam simulation based on the cell transmission model[J]. Networks and Spatial Economics,2011,11(1):43-64.
[6]张敖木翰,高自友.突发事故下交通拥堵控制策略设计[J].系统工程理论与实践,2013,33(5):1307-1317.ZHANG Aomuhan,GAO Ziyou. Incident-based traffic congestion control strategies design[J]. System Engineering-Theory&Practice,2013,33(5):1307-1317.
[7]杨育捷,张幸幸,李思嘉.交通事故影响下路段排队长度模型[J].河南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,36(4):37-41.YANG Yujie,ZHANG Xingxing,LI Sijia. Simulation of pedestrian head Impact on vehicle bonnet in traffic accident[J]. Journal of Henan University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2015,36(4):37-41.
[8]姚红光,李智忠,林彦.突发交通事故下城市道路交通网络的延误扩散临界研究[J].系统管理学报,2017,26(4):663-669.YAO Hongguang,LI Zhizhong,LIN Yan. Critical boundary of delay spread on urban road traffic network under disruptive traffic accidents[J]. Journal of System&Management,2017,26(4):663-669.
[9] BENTALAEB K,LAKOUARI N,MARZOUG R,et al. Simulation study of traffic car accidents in single-lane highway[J]. Physica A:Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2014, 413(11):473-480.
[10]钱勇生,曾俊伟,杜加伟,等.考虑意外事件对交通流影响的元胞自动机交通流模型[J].物理学报,2011,60(6):103-112.QIAN Yongsheng,ZENG Junwei,DU Jiawei,et al. Cellular automaton traffic flow model considering influence of accidents[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2011,60(6):103-112.
[11]陈淑燕,于永波,舒航,等.基于元胞自动机的交通事故影响下车辆的跟驰行为分析[J].大连交通大学学报,2014,35(4):5-8.CHEN Shuyan,YU Yongbo,SHU Hang,et al. Analysis of vehicle-following behavior under traffic accidents based on cellular automata[J]. Journal of Dalian Jiao tong University,2014,35(4):5-8.
[12]罗霞,何彪,高源,等.交叉口交通事故处置用车辆协同控制模型[J].中国安全科学学报. 2017,27(9):92-97.LUO Xia,HE Biao,GAO Yuan,et al. Cooperative vehicle control model for dealing with traffic accident at intersections[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2017,27(9):92-97.
[13]孔琳鹏.事故条件下城市快速路系统车流演化机理仿真建模与优化控制[D].北京:北京交通大学,2015.
[14] KONG L P,LI X G,LAM WILLIAM H K. Traffic dynamics around weaving section influenced by accident:Cellular automata approach[J]. International Journal of Modern Physics C, 2015, 26(3):1550026.
[15] OKETCH T G. New modeling approach for mixed-traffic streams with nonmotorized vehicles[J]. Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2000,1705:61-69.