油茶壳基活性炭的微波制备及其对U(Ⅵ)的吸附
|
摘要
以油茶壳为原料,氯化锌为活化剂,采用微波活化制备油茶壳基活性炭。通过测定活性炭的碘吸附值,探究了氯化锌活化剂质量浓度、微波辐照时间、活化剂浸渍时间对所制备活性炭吸附性能的影响;并将制得的最优活性炭进行铀吸附实验,通过扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)、能谱分析(energy dispersive spectrometer,EDS)、傅里叶红外光谱分析(Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,FTIR)对油茶壳基活性炭进行表征,探讨其吸附铀的机理。实验结果表明:采用700 W的微波功率,当氯化锌活化剂质量浓度为300 g/L,活化剂浸渍时间为24 h,微波辐照时间为90 s时,所制得油茶壳基活性炭碘吸附值为769.9 mg/g;在溶液pH=6、初始铀质量浓度为5 mg/L、油茶壳基活性炭投加量为1 g/L、吸附时间为6 h时,油茶壳基活性炭对铀的吸附率为98.75%,铀的吸附量为4.94 mg/g。油茶壳基活性炭对U(Ⅵ)的吸附是一种以物理吸附、活性炭表面的-COOH、-OH等官能团与铀酰离子的络合作用并存的吸附方式。
Using Camellia oleifera shell as main materials,zinc chloride as activator,activated carbon from Camellia oleifera shell by microwave radiation was prepared.The effects of zinc chloride activator concentration,microwave irradiation time and soaking time of activator on the adsorption properties of activated carbon were investigated by measuring the iodine adsorption value of activated carbon. And the optimum activated carbon was used for adsorption experiments of U( Ⅵ). In addition,scanning electron microscope( SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer( EDS) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FTIR)were used to characterize the adsorption mechanism of U( Ⅵ) by Camellia oleifera shell activated carbon.The results showed that,using 700 W microwave power,the iodine adsorption value of Camellia oleifera shell activated carbon was 769.9 mg/g when the concentration of zinc chloride activator was 300 g/L,the soaking time of activator was 24 h,and the microwave irradiation time was 1 min 30 s.When the pH of solution was 6,the initial concentration of U( Ⅵ) was 5 mg/L,the dosage of Camellia oleifera shell activated carbon was 1 g/L and the adsorption time was 6 h,the adsorption rate of Camellia oleifera shell activated carbon on U( Ⅵ) was 98.75% and the adsorption amount of U( Ⅵ) was 4.94 mg/g.The adsorption of Camellia oleifera shell activated carbon on U( Ⅵ) was a kind of adsorption mode in which the physical adsorption and complexation of uranyl ions with functional groups such as-COOH and-OH on the surface of activated carbon coexisted.
Using Camellia oleifera shell as main materials,zinc chloride as activator,activated carbon from Camellia oleifera shell by microwave radiation was prepared.The effects of zinc chloride activator concentration,microwave irradiation time and soaking time of activator on the adsorption properties of activated carbon were investigated by measuring the iodine adsorption value of activated carbon. And the optimum activated carbon was used for adsorption experiments of U( Ⅵ). In addition,scanning electron microscope( SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer( EDS) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FTIR)were used to characterize the adsorption mechanism of U( Ⅵ) by Camellia oleifera shell activated carbon.The results showed that,using 700 W microwave power,the iodine adsorption value of Camellia oleifera shell activated carbon was 769.9 mg/g when the concentration of zinc chloride activator was 300 g/L,the soaking time of activator was 24 h,and the microwave irradiation time was 1 min 30 s.When the pH of solution was 6,the initial concentration of U( Ⅵ) was 5 mg/L,the dosage of Camellia oleifera shell activated carbon was 1 g/L and the adsorption time was 6 h,the adsorption rate of Camellia oleifera shell activated carbon on U( Ⅵ) was 98.75% and the adsorption amount of U( Ⅵ) was 4.94 mg/g.The adsorption of Camellia oleifera shell activated carbon on U( Ⅵ) was a kind of adsorption mode in which the physical adsorption and complexation of uranyl ions with functional groups such as-COOH and-OH on the surface of activated carbon coexisted.
引文
[1]田力.2018核能行业展望[J].电器工业,2018(1):39-43.
[2]喻清,丁德馨,李登科,等.固定化活性炭吸附铀(Ⅵ)试验[J].金属矿山,2016(2):172-175.
[3]张琼.煤基制备活性炭及其吸附性能研究[J].山西化工,2018,38(2):25-26;29.
[4]BAGHERIFAM S,LAKZIAN A,AHMADI S J,et al.Uranium removal from aqueous solutions by wood powder and wheat straw[J].Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry,2010,283(2):289-296.
[5]肖益群,周彦同,夏良树,等.改性稻秆吸附铀(Ⅵ)的特性研究[J].核化学与放射化学,2015,37(1):52-56.
[6]郑伟娜,夏良树,王晓,等.谷壳对铀(Ⅵ)的吸附性能及机理研究[J].原子能科学技术,2011,45(5):534-540.
[7]喻清,丁德馨,李登科,等.固定化黑曲霉活性炭吸附铀的机理[J].中国有色金属学报,2016,26(4):936-945.
[8]HONG K,CHO M,KIM S O.Atomic layer deposition encapsulated activated carbon electrodes for high voltage stable supercapacitors[J].Acs applied materials&interfaces,2015,7(3):1899-1906.
[9]YANG K,PENG J,SRINIVASAKANNAN C,et al.Preparation of high surface area activated carbon from coconut shells using microwaveheating[J].Bioresource technology,2010,101(15):6163-6169.
[10]李婷,李欣桐.山竹壳基生物质活性炭的制备及其吸附性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2018,46(2):213-216.
[11]赵丽媛,吕剑明,李庆利,等.活性炭制备及应用研究进展[J].科学技术与工程,2008,8(11):2914-2919.
[12]蔡晓旭.废弃蘑菇培养基活性炭的制备吸附及再生研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2015.
[13]彭禹,张后虎,蔡邦成,等.微波辐照制备花生壳活性炭研究[J].环境工程,2015,33(5):42-47.
[14]LIU Y L,YUAN L Y,YUAN Y L,et al.A high efficient sorption of U(Ⅵ)from aqueous solution using aminofunctionalized sba-15[J].Journal of radio analytical and nuclear chemistry,2012,292(2):803-810.
[15]WANG X,XIA L S,TAN K X,et al.Studies on adsorption of uranium(Ⅵ)from aqueous solution by wheat straw[J].Environmental progress&sustainable energy,2012,31(4):566-576.
[2]喻清,丁德馨,李登科,等.固定化活性炭吸附铀(Ⅵ)试验[J].金属矿山,2016(2):172-175.
[3]张琼.煤基制备活性炭及其吸附性能研究[J].山西化工,2018,38(2):25-26;29.
[4]BAGHERIFAM S,LAKZIAN A,AHMADI S J,et al.Uranium removal from aqueous solutions by wood powder and wheat straw[J].Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry,2010,283(2):289-296.
[5]肖益群,周彦同,夏良树,等.改性稻秆吸附铀(Ⅵ)的特性研究[J].核化学与放射化学,2015,37(1):52-56.
[6]郑伟娜,夏良树,王晓,等.谷壳对铀(Ⅵ)的吸附性能及机理研究[J].原子能科学技术,2011,45(5):534-540.
[7]喻清,丁德馨,李登科,等.固定化黑曲霉活性炭吸附铀的机理[J].中国有色金属学报,2016,26(4):936-945.
[8]HONG K,CHO M,KIM S O.Atomic layer deposition encapsulated activated carbon electrodes for high voltage stable supercapacitors[J].Acs applied materials&interfaces,2015,7(3):1899-1906.
[9]YANG K,PENG J,SRINIVASAKANNAN C,et al.Preparation of high surface area activated carbon from coconut shells using microwaveheating[J].Bioresource technology,2010,101(15):6163-6169.
[10]李婷,李欣桐.山竹壳基生物质活性炭的制备及其吸附性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2018,46(2):213-216.
[11]赵丽媛,吕剑明,李庆利,等.活性炭制备及应用研究进展[J].科学技术与工程,2008,8(11):2914-2919.
[12]蔡晓旭.废弃蘑菇培养基活性炭的制备吸附及再生研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2015.
[13]彭禹,张后虎,蔡邦成,等.微波辐照制备花生壳活性炭研究[J].环境工程,2015,33(5):42-47.
[14]LIU Y L,YUAN L Y,YUAN Y L,et al.A high efficient sorption of U(Ⅵ)from aqueous solution using aminofunctionalized sba-15[J].Journal of radio analytical and nuclear chemistry,2012,292(2):803-810.
[15]WANG X,XIA L S,TAN K X,et al.Studies on adsorption of uranium(Ⅵ)from aqueous solution by wheat straw[J].Environmental progress&sustainable energy,2012,31(4):566-576.