城市多模式交通网络的复杂网络特性与鲁棒性研究
|
摘要
为深入分析城市多模式交通网络的复杂特性,促进多模式交通的协同发展。采用原始映射法构建了包括小汽车网络、地面公交网络和轨道交通网络三者叠加而成的城市多模式交通网络模型。结合城市交通网络的实际运行情况,综合考虑客流量和运行时间的影响因素,对传统加权方式进行改进,方便建立更加准确、贴近现实的城市多模式加权交通网络模型。利用复杂网络的分析方法,应用Pajek和Ucinet这2种网络分析软件,对哈尔滨市多模式加权交通网络及3个单一模式子网络的复杂网络特性进行实证对比分析。提出城市多模式交通网络鲁棒性分析指标,对比研究交通网络受到攻击时的稳定性。结果表明,相比单一模式的子网络,叠加后的城市多模式交通网络聚类系数增加,节点间紧密度有所增强,具有典型的小世界特性,表现出对随机攻击的鲁棒性和对蓄意攻击的脆弱性。
In order to deeply analyze complex characteristics of urban multi-mode traffic network, promote coordinated development of multi-mode traffic. An original mapping method is use to develop a model of urban multi-mode traffic network, which consists of three parts: car network, ground bus network, and rail transit network. Combined with actual operation of urban traffic network, influencing factors of passenger flow and running time are comprehensively considered. A traditional weighting method is improved to develop a more accurate and realistic model of a weighted complex network for urban multi-mode traffic. Analysis methods of complex network are used. Software as Pajek and Ucinet is applied to compare complex characteristics of multi-mode traffic networks with three single-mode sub-networks. A robustness analysis index of urban multi-mode traffic network is proposed to comparatively study stability of the traffic network under attack. Analysis results show that, compared with three single-mode sub-networks, clustering coefficient of urban multi-mode traffic network increases, and its tightness between nodes is enhanced. The complex network for urban multi-mode traffic has typical small world property. It is robust to random attacks and vulnerable to deliberate attacks.
In order to deeply analyze complex characteristics of urban multi-mode traffic network, promote coordinated development of multi-mode traffic. An original mapping method is use to develop a model of urban multi-mode traffic network, which consists of three parts: car network, ground bus network, and rail transit network. Combined with actual operation of urban traffic network, influencing factors of passenger flow and running time are comprehensively considered. A traditional weighting method is improved to develop a more accurate and realistic model of a weighted complex network for urban multi-mode traffic. Analysis methods of complex network are used. Software as Pajek and Ucinet is applied to compare complex characteristics of multi-mode traffic networks with three single-mode sub-networks. A robustness analysis index of urban multi-mode traffic network is proposed to comparatively study stability of the traffic network under attack. Analysis results show that, compared with three single-mode sub-networks, clustering coefficient of urban multi-mode traffic network increases, and its tightness between nodes is enhanced. The complex network for urban multi-mode traffic has typical small world property. It is robust to random attacks and vulnerable to deliberate attacks.
引文
[1] 汪涛,许乐,张继,等.城市公交网络的拓扑结构及其演化模型研究[J].公路交通科技,2009,26(11):108-112. WANG Tao, XU Le, ZHANG Ji, et al. Research on topological structure and evolution model of urban transit network[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2009,26(11):108-112.(in Chinese)
[2] 卫振林,甘杨杰,赵鹏.城市复合交通网络的若干特性研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2015,15(1):106-111. WEI Zhenlin, GAN Yangjie, ZHAO Peng. Characteristic research of urban complex traffic network[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2015,15(1):106-111. (in Chinese)
[3] 孙凤英,张志锋.基于复杂网络的地铁-地面公交网络特性分析[J].森林工程,2015,31(4):119-122. SUN Fengying, ZHANG Zhifeng. Analysis on the subway-ground bus network properties based on the complex network[J]. Forest engineering, 2015,31(4):119-122.(in Chinese)
[4] 徐良杰,刘翔禾.基于复杂网络的中小城市公交网络特性分析[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2016,40(6):943-948. XU Liangjie, LIU Xianghe. The characteristic analysis of transit network in small cities based on the complex network theory[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Transportation Science & Engineering)(in Chinese)
[5] 黄爱玲.公交客流加权复杂网络结构及动力学行为研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014. HANG Ailing. Study on structure and dynamic behaviors in weighted complex public transit network based on passenger flow[D]. Beijing :Beijing Jiaotong University, 2014. (in Chinese)
[6] 郑健琛,陈建宇,龙燕君.距离加权公交换乘复杂网络最短路算法研究[J].城市交通,2012,10(6):86-89. ZHENG Jianchen, CHEN Jianyu, Long Yanjun. Shortest path algorithm based on the weighted distance in complex bus transfer network[J]. Urban Transport of China,2012,10(6):86-89. (in Chinese)
[7] SOH.H, LIM S, ZHANG T, et al. Weighted complex network analysis of travel routes on the Singapore public transportation system[J]. Physica A: Statistic Mechanics and its Applications,2010,389(24):5852-5863.
[8] 郑啸,陈建平,邵佳丽,等.基于复杂网络理论的北京公交网络拓扑性质分析[J].物理学报,2012,61(19):95-105. ZHENG Xiao, CHEN Jianping, SHAO Jiali, et al. Analysis on topological properties of Beijing urban public transit based on complex network theory[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012,61(19):95-105. (in Chinese)
[9] 吴信才,杨林,周顺平,等.支持多模式的复合交通网络模型研究[J].武汉大学学报,2008(4):341-346. WU Xincai, YANG Lin, ZHOU Shunping, et al. Multimodal Supported Composite Transportation Network Model[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2008(4):341-346. (in Chinese)
[10] 张铁岩,宋瑞,郑锂,等.基于复杂网络理论的国内地铁网络特性分析[J].交通信息与安全,2012,30(5):50-54. ZHANG Tieyan, SONG Rui, ZHENG Li, et al. Analysis of domestic subway network characteristics based on complex network theory[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2012,30(5):50-54. (in Chinese)
[11] 于晓桦,晏克非,牟振华,等.基于多级网络的多模式交通配流研究[J].交通信息与安全,2018,36(1):103-110,128. YU Xiaohua, YAN Kefei, MU Zhenhua, et al. A study of multimodal traffic assignment based on a multi-level network[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2018,36(1):103-110,128. (in Chinese)
[12] BARRAT A, BARTHELEMY M, PASTOR-SATORRAS R, et al. The architecture of complex weighted networks[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2004,101(11):3747-3752.
[13] 赵鹏.基于复杂网络理论的多方式城市交通网络的协同研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014. ZHAO Peng. Collaborative study on multi-modal urban traffic network based on complex network theory-urban road traffic network and urban rail transit network[D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2014. (in Chinese)
[14] EUBANK S, GUCLU H, KUMAR V S A, et al. Modeling disease outbreaks in realistic urban social networks[J]. Nature, 2004,429(6988):180-184.
[15] 周晓炯.南京市区公交地铁加权复合网络模型及鲁棒性分析[D].南京:南京邮电大学,2016. ZHOU Xiaojiong. The analysis of weighted composite network model and robustness of Nanjing bus and subway network[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2016. (in Chinese)
[16] LATORA V, MARCHIORI M. Efficient behavior of small-world networks[J]. Physical review letters,2001,87(19):198701.
[17] 杜斐,黄宏伟,张东明.上海轨道交通网络的复杂网络特性及鲁棒性研究[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2016,49(5):701-707. DU Fei, HUANG Hongwei, ZHANG Dongming. Analysis of characteristic of complex network and robustness in Shanghai metro network[J]. Engineering Journal of Wuhan University, 2016,49(5):701-707. (in Chinese)
[18] WATTS D J, STROGATZ S H. Collective dynamics of ‘small-world′networks[J]. Nature,1998,393(6684):440.
[2] 卫振林,甘杨杰,赵鹏.城市复合交通网络的若干特性研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2015,15(1):106-111. WEI Zhenlin, GAN Yangjie, ZHAO Peng. Characteristic research of urban complex traffic network[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2015,15(1):106-111. (in Chinese)
[3] 孙凤英,张志锋.基于复杂网络的地铁-地面公交网络特性分析[J].森林工程,2015,31(4):119-122. SUN Fengying, ZHANG Zhifeng. Analysis on the subway-ground bus network properties based on the complex network[J]. Forest engineering, 2015,31(4):119-122.(in Chinese)
[4] 徐良杰,刘翔禾.基于复杂网络的中小城市公交网络特性分析[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2016,40(6):943-948. XU Liangjie, LIU Xianghe. The characteristic analysis of transit network in small cities based on the complex network theory[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Transportation Science & Engineering)(in Chinese)
[5] 黄爱玲.公交客流加权复杂网络结构及动力学行为研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014. HANG Ailing. Study on structure and dynamic behaviors in weighted complex public transit network based on passenger flow[D]. Beijing :Beijing Jiaotong University, 2014. (in Chinese)
[6] 郑健琛,陈建宇,龙燕君.距离加权公交换乘复杂网络最短路算法研究[J].城市交通,2012,10(6):86-89. ZHENG Jianchen, CHEN Jianyu, Long Yanjun. Shortest path algorithm based on the weighted distance in complex bus transfer network[J]. Urban Transport of China,2012,10(6):86-89. (in Chinese)
[7] SOH.H, LIM S, ZHANG T, et al. Weighted complex network analysis of travel routes on the Singapore public transportation system[J]. Physica A: Statistic Mechanics and its Applications,2010,389(24):5852-5863.
[8] 郑啸,陈建平,邵佳丽,等.基于复杂网络理论的北京公交网络拓扑性质分析[J].物理学报,2012,61(19):95-105. ZHENG Xiao, CHEN Jianping, SHAO Jiali, et al. Analysis on topological properties of Beijing urban public transit based on complex network theory[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012,61(19):95-105. (in Chinese)
[9] 吴信才,杨林,周顺平,等.支持多模式的复合交通网络模型研究[J].武汉大学学报,2008(4):341-346. WU Xincai, YANG Lin, ZHOU Shunping, et al. Multimodal Supported Composite Transportation Network Model[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2008(4):341-346. (in Chinese)
[10] 张铁岩,宋瑞,郑锂,等.基于复杂网络理论的国内地铁网络特性分析[J].交通信息与安全,2012,30(5):50-54. ZHANG Tieyan, SONG Rui, ZHENG Li, et al. Analysis of domestic subway network characteristics based on complex network theory[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2012,30(5):50-54. (in Chinese)
[11] 于晓桦,晏克非,牟振华,等.基于多级网络的多模式交通配流研究[J].交通信息与安全,2018,36(1):103-110,128. YU Xiaohua, YAN Kefei, MU Zhenhua, et al. A study of multimodal traffic assignment based on a multi-level network[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2018,36(1):103-110,128. (in Chinese)
[12] BARRAT A, BARTHELEMY M, PASTOR-SATORRAS R, et al. The architecture of complex weighted networks[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2004,101(11):3747-3752.
[13] 赵鹏.基于复杂网络理论的多方式城市交通网络的协同研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014. ZHAO Peng. Collaborative study on multi-modal urban traffic network based on complex network theory-urban road traffic network and urban rail transit network[D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2014. (in Chinese)
[14] EUBANK S, GUCLU H, KUMAR V S A, et al. Modeling disease outbreaks in realistic urban social networks[J]. Nature, 2004,429(6988):180-184.
[15] 周晓炯.南京市区公交地铁加权复合网络模型及鲁棒性分析[D].南京:南京邮电大学,2016. ZHOU Xiaojiong. The analysis of weighted composite network model and robustness of Nanjing bus and subway network[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2016. (in Chinese)
[16] LATORA V, MARCHIORI M. Efficient behavior of small-world networks[J]. Physical review letters,2001,87(19):198701.
[17] 杜斐,黄宏伟,张东明.上海轨道交通网络的复杂网络特性及鲁棒性研究[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2016,49(5):701-707. DU Fei, HUANG Hongwei, ZHANG Dongming. Analysis of characteristic of complex network and robustness in Shanghai metro network[J]. Engineering Journal of Wuhan University, 2016,49(5):701-707. (in Chinese)
[18] WATTS D J, STROGATZ S H. Collective dynamics of ‘small-world′networks[J]. Nature,1998,393(6684):440.