孕晚期妊娠特有压力的调查研究
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摘要
目的探究孕晚期妊娠特有压力的水平及特点。方法对2011年3月至2012年3月收治的符合纳入标准的2 189例孕晚期孕妇进行前瞻性分析。采用一般情况调查表及妊娠压力量表评估孕晚期孕妇妊娠特有压力水平及特点。一般情况调查表内容包括年龄、受教育年限、职业、月人均收入、户口属性、既往史、孕产史;不良习惯吸烟和饮酒。妊娠压力量表包括4个等级,即完全没有压力(0分)、轻度压力(0. 001～1. 000分)、中度压力(1. 001～2. 000分)和重度压力(2. 001～3. 000分)。结果本研究共发放2 189份问卷,回收2 189份,回收率100%;本研究量表具有较高的信度(r=0. 72,P <0. 01);患者无压力、轻度压力、中度压力及重度压力分别占8. 8%(193/2 189)、71. 2%(1 558/2 189)、16. 4%(359/2 189)及3. 6%(79/2 189),以轻度压力水平为主;担心婴儿能否安全分娩为患者最主要压力源,占39. 5%。结论孕晚期妊娠特有压力水平处于轻度,其最主要压力源是担心婴儿能否安全分娩。
Objective To investigate the levels and characteristics of pregnancy-specific stress in third trimester.Methods A total of 2189 pregnant women in third trimester who admitted in our hospital from March 2011 to March 2013 were enrolled in the study. The general situation questionnaire and the pregnancy stress rating scale were used to assess the levels and characteristics of pregnancy specific stress of the pregnant women in third trimester,and the general situation questionnaire included age,education background,occupation,income per capita,permanent residence attribute,past history,pregnancy history,smoking and drinking,and the pregnancy stress rating scale included four grades,ie. whiout stress completely( 0 point),mild stress( 0,001 ～ 1. 000 point),moderate stress( 1. 001 ～ 2. 000 points) and severe stress( 2. 001～ 3. 000 points). Results A total of 2189 questionnaires were issued and 2189 were recovered,with recovery rate being100%. The scale of this study had high reliability( r = 0. 72,P < 0. 01). The pregnant women without stress,with mild stress,moderate stress and severe stress accounted for 8. 8%( 193/2,189),71. 2%( 1,558/2,189),16. 4%( 359/2,189) and3. 6%( 79/2,189),respectively,mainly in mild stress levels. The most main stress source was to worry about the safety of infants,which accounted for 39. 5%. Conclusion In pregnant women at late pregnancy,the levels of specific stress are mild,and the most main stress source is concerned about the safe delivery of infants.
Objective To investigate the levels and characteristics of pregnancy-specific stress in third trimester.Methods A total of 2189 pregnant women in third trimester who admitted in our hospital from March 2011 to March 2013 were enrolled in the study. The general situation questionnaire and the pregnancy stress rating scale were used to assess the levels and characteristics of pregnancy specific stress of the pregnant women in third trimester,and the general situation questionnaire included age,education background,occupation,income per capita,permanent residence attribute,past history,pregnancy history,smoking and drinking,and the pregnancy stress rating scale included four grades,ie. whiout stress completely( 0 point),mild stress( 0,001 ～ 1. 000 point),moderate stress( 1. 001 ～ 2. 000 points) and severe stress( 2. 001～ 3. 000 points). Results A total of 2189 questionnaires were issued and 2189 were recovered,with recovery rate being100%. The scale of this study had high reliability( r = 0. 72,P < 0. 01). The pregnant women without stress,with mild stress,moderate stress and severe stress accounted for 8. 8%( 193/2,189),71. 2%( 1,558/2,189),16. 4%( 359/2,189) and3. 6%( 79/2,189),respectively,mainly in mild stress levels. The most main stress source was to worry about the safety of infants,which accounted for 39. 5%. Conclusion In pregnant women at late pregnancy,the levels of specific stress are mild,and the most main stress source is concerned about the safe delivery of infants.
引文
1付明华.子宫孕晚期妊娠压力对初产妇母儿免疫功能的影响.齐鲁护理杂志,2015,8:31-33.
2零恒莉,凌静,雪丽霜,等.体外受精胚胎移植孕妇妊娠压力及相关因素的调查与分析.护理研究,2015,9:3351-3353.
3周海燕,李国鹏,厉萍,等.孕妇妊娠感知压力与睡眠质量的关系---心理困扰的中介作用.中国心理卫生杂志,2016,30:896-900.
4徐美春,吕玲,高冬霞,等.心理压力、妊娠压力和慢性高血压及三者结合对子痫前期风险发病的评估.医学综述,2015,6:2302-2303.
5林昕,徐淑秀,李金芝,等.妊娠期压力的危害及其影响因素.蚌埠医学院学报,2015,5:554-557.
6李金芝,白洁,蒋玉敏.孕妇自我管理水平对妊娠压力的影响.齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2016,37:2952-2953.
7陈金芳,迟会,刘丹,等.高龄双胎孕妇妊娠压力水平调查及其影响因素分析.中国护理管理,2017,17:325-330.
8 Christian LM.Effects of stress and depression on inflammatory immune parameters in pregnancy.Am J Obstet Gynecol,2014,211:275-277.
9韦月颜,陶真兰,程虹,等.妊娠晚期孕妇心理健康状况调查及与分娩方式的相关性研究.中国妇幼健康研究,2015,26:679-681,688.
10王葳,尹晓辉,王晓霞,等.孕妇心理压力状况及影响因素分析.中国妇幼健康研究,2017,28:252-255.
11宋玉萍,李宛谕.社会支持与产前情绪对产妇产后抑郁的影响.中国健康心理学杂志,2014,22:909-911.
12 Fan F,Zou Y,Tian H,et al.Effects of maternal anxiety and depression during pregnancy in Chinese womenon children’s heart rate and blood pressure response to stress.J Hum Hypertens,2016,30:171-176.
13陈艳红,邢孟琴.孕晚期孕妇心理压力状况调查及其影响因素的研究.中国临床研究,2015,28:973-976.
14周彩虹,李乐之.长沙市妊娠晚期孕妇心理压力与社会支持状况的相关性研究.中国现代医学杂志,2014,24:109-112.
15曾晓琴,刘品佳,吴燕燕.GDM孕妇妊娠压力、应对方式与心理健康的相关分析.中国妇产科临床杂志,2014,15:213-215.
2零恒莉,凌静,雪丽霜,等.体外受精胚胎移植孕妇妊娠压力及相关因素的调查与分析.护理研究,2015,9:3351-3353.
3周海燕,李国鹏,厉萍,等.孕妇妊娠感知压力与睡眠质量的关系---心理困扰的中介作用.中国心理卫生杂志,2016,30:896-900.
4徐美春,吕玲,高冬霞,等.心理压力、妊娠压力和慢性高血压及三者结合对子痫前期风险发病的评估.医学综述,2015,6:2302-2303.
5林昕,徐淑秀,李金芝,等.妊娠期压力的危害及其影响因素.蚌埠医学院学报,2015,5:554-557.
6李金芝,白洁,蒋玉敏.孕妇自我管理水平对妊娠压力的影响.齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2016,37:2952-2953.
7陈金芳,迟会,刘丹,等.高龄双胎孕妇妊娠压力水平调查及其影响因素分析.中国护理管理,2017,17:325-330.
8 Christian LM.Effects of stress and depression on inflammatory immune parameters in pregnancy.Am J Obstet Gynecol,2014,211:275-277.
9韦月颜,陶真兰,程虹,等.妊娠晚期孕妇心理健康状况调查及与分娩方式的相关性研究.中国妇幼健康研究,2015,26:679-681,688.
10王葳,尹晓辉,王晓霞,等.孕妇心理压力状况及影响因素分析.中国妇幼健康研究,2017,28:252-255.
11宋玉萍,李宛谕.社会支持与产前情绪对产妇产后抑郁的影响.中国健康心理学杂志,2014,22:909-911.
12 Fan F,Zou Y,Tian H,et al.Effects of maternal anxiety and depression during pregnancy in Chinese womenon children’s heart rate and blood pressure response to stress.J Hum Hypertens,2016,30:171-176.
13陈艳红,邢孟琴.孕晚期孕妇心理压力状况调查及其影响因素的研究.中国临床研究,2015,28:973-976.
14周彩虹,李乐之.长沙市妊娠晚期孕妇心理压力与社会支持状况的相关性研究.中国现代医学杂志,2014,24:109-112.
15曾晓琴,刘品佳,吴燕燕.GDM孕妇妊娠压力、应对方式与心理健康的相关分析.中国妇产科临床杂志,2014,15:213-215.