磷渣基地聚合物胶凝材料固化微细粒铁尾矿
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摘要
用磷渣基地聚合物胶凝材料对65%的微细粒铁尾矿浆体进行固化处理,考察了胶凝材料掺量对尾矿固化体各项力学性能的影响,分析了尾矿固化体的微观结构.结果表明,尾矿固化体的力学性能受胶凝材料掺量影响显著,固化28 d后尾矿固化体的抗压强度在胶凝材料掺量为3%(w)时达0.2 MPa,掺量为14%(w)时大于3.0 MPa;不同胶凝材料掺量的尾矿固化体渗透系数均小于1×10~(-4)cm/s.胶凝材料水化产生的水化凝胶可将尾矿中的各组分胶结在一起形成具有一定承载力和水稳性的硬化体,磷渣基地聚合物胶凝材料可作为尾矿固化的一种潜在固结剂.
A concentration of 65% microfine grained iron ore tailings was immobilized with phosphorous slag based geopolymer materials. The effect of phosphorous slag based geopolymer materials content on the mechanical property of the immobilized sample was determined. Moreover, the microstructure of immobilized sample was analyzed. The results showed that phosphorous slag based geopolymer material played a significant role in the mechanical properties of the immobilized samples. The compressive strength of the sample immobilization for 28 d was 0.2 MPa when addition of geopolymer material 3%(w) and over 3.0 MPa when addition of geopolymer material 14%(w). The permeability coefficient of immobilized samples with various geopolymer material contents was less than 1×10~(-4) cm/s. The hydration products gel of phosphorous slag based geopolymer materials can consolidate with ore tailings components to become a certain bearing capacity and water stabilization whole. The phosphorous slag based geopolymer materials may be considered as a potential material to immobilize microfine grained iron ore tailings.
A concentration of 65% microfine grained iron ore tailings was immobilized with phosphorous slag based geopolymer materials. The effect of phosphorous slag based geopolymer materials content on the mechanical property of the immobilized sample was determined. Moreover, the microstructure of immobilized sample was analyzed. The results showed that phosphorous slag based geopolymer material played a significant role in the mechanical properties of the immobilized samples. The compressive strength of the sample immobilization for 28 d was 0.2 MPa when addition of geopolymer material 3%(w) and over 3.0 MPa when addition of geopolymer material 14%(w). The permeability coefficient of immobilized samples with various geopolymer material contents was less than 1×10~(-4) cm/s. The hydration products gel of phosphorous slag based geopolymer materials can consolidate with ore tailings components to become a certain bearing capacity and water stabilization whole. The phosphorous slag based geopolymer materials may be considered as a potential material to immobilize microfine grained iron ore tailings.
引文
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[13]陶志超,周新涛,罗中秋,等.含砷废渣水泥固化/稳定化技术研究进展[J].材料导报,2016,30(5):132-136.Tao Z C,Zhou X T,Luo Z Q,et al.Progress on the Solidification/Immobilization of Arsenic-bearing Waste Cement[J].Materials Review,2016,30(5):132-136.
[14]简家成,刘峥,杨宏斌,等.地聚物胶凝材料制备及应用研究现状[J].矿产综合利用,2014,(3):18-22.Jian J C,Liu Z,Yang H B,et al.Research on Preparation and Application Status of Geopolymers[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2014,(3):18-22.
[15]张书政,龚克诚.地聚合物[J].材料科学与工程学报,2003,21(3):430-436.Zhang S Z,Gong K C.Geopolymer[J].Journal of Materials Science&Engineering,2003,21(3):430-436.
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[20]罗中秋,周新涛,贾庆明,等.磷渣基地聚物材料固化砷钙渣的机理[J].硅酸盐学报,2015,43(5):699-704.Luo Z Q,Zhou X T,Jia Q M,et al.Solidification/Immobilization of Calcium Arsenate Waste Using Phosphorous Slag Based Geopolymers[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2015,43(5):699-704.
[21]范静斐,张召述,夏举佩.矿渣制备低温陶瓷复合材料的研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2010,29(6):1323-1328.Fan J F,Zhang Z S,Xia J P.Research of Preparing Low-temperature Ceramic Composite Materials by Slag[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2010,29(6):1323-1328.
[22]朱丽苹,张召述,夏举佩.化学添加剂对磷渣活性的激发效果研究[J].粉煤灰,2009,(6):11-14.Zhu L P,Zhang Z S,Xia J P.Study of Activation of Chemical Admixture to Phosphorus Slag[J].Coal Ash China,2009,(6):11-14.
[23]施惠生,夏明,郭晓潞.粉煤灰基地聚合物反应机理及各组分作用的研究进展[J].硅酸盐学报,2013,41(7):972-980.Shi H S,Xia M,Guo X L.Research Development on Mechanism of Fly Ash-based Geopolymer and Effect of Each Component[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2013,41(7):972-980.
[24]张文生,叶家元,王渊,等.低碱高强硅铝聚合材料的研究[J].中国材料进展,2010,29(9):13-18.Zhang W S,Ye J Y,Wang Y,et al.Study on Low Alkali Content and High Strength Geopolymer[J].Materials China,2010,29(9):13-18.
[25]Barbosa V F F,Mac Kenzie K J D,Thaumaturgo C.Synthesis and Characterisation of Materials Based on Inorganic Polymers of Alumina and Silica:Sodium Polysialate Polymers[J].Int.J.Inorg.Mater.,2000,2(4):309-317.
[26]吴蓬,吕宪俊,胡术刚,等.粒化高炉矿渣胶凝性能活化研究进展[J].金属矿山,2012,41(10):157-161.Wu P,Lv X J,Hu S G,et al.Study Progress of the Activation of Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Cementitious Material[J].Metal Mine,2012,41(10):157-161.
[27]Van Deventer J S J,Xu H.Geopolymerization of Aluminosilicates:Relevance to the Minerals Industry[J].Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Bulletin,2002,1:20-27.
[28]Silva F J,Thaumaturgo C.Fibre Reinforcement and Fracture Response in Geopolymeric Mortars[J].Fatigue Fract.Eng.Mater.Struct.,2003,26(2):167-172.
[29]Lecomte I,Liégeois M,Rulmont A,et al.Synthesis and Characterization of New Inorganic Polymeric Composites Based on Kaolin or White Clay and on Ground-granulated Blast Furnace Slag[J].J.Mater.Res.,2003,18(11):2571-2579.
[30]Davidovits J.Geopolymer Chemistry and Properties[J].Geopolymer,1988,88(1):25-48.
[2]唐宇,吴强,陈甲斌,等.提高我国尾矿资源综合利用效率的思考[J].金属材料与冶金工程,2012,40(3):59-64.Tang Y,Wu Q,Chen J B,et al.Reflections of Improving the Comprehensive Utilization Efficiency of the Tailings Resources in Our Country[J].Metal Materials and Metallurgy Engineering,2012,40(3):59-64.
[3]段蔚平,郭金峰,汪斌.我国金属矿山尾矿堆存技术及发展方向[J].金属矿山,2013,42(12):118-122.Duan W P,Guo J F,Wang B.Stacking Process of Metal Mine Tailings in China and Its Development Trend[J].Metal Mine,2013,42(12):118-122.
[4]吴宗之,梅国栋.尾矿库事故统计分析及溃坝成因研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(9):70-76.Wu Z Z,Mei G D.Statistical Analysis of Tailings Pond Accidents and Cause Analysis of Dam Failure[J].China Safety Science Journal,2014,24(9):70-76.
[5]郭敏,赵恒勤,赵军伟,等.矿山尾矿资源综合利用标准需求分析[J].矿产保护与利用,2015,(5):46-50.Guo M,Zhao H Q,Zhao J W,et al.The Analysis on the Demand of Standards for Multipurpose Utilization of Mine Tailings Resources[J].Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources,2015,(5):46-50.
[6]罗中秋,张召述,罗钧耀,等.大红山微细粒铁尾矿固化技术研究[J].安全与环境学报,2013,13(6):77-81.Luo Z Q,Zhang Z S,Luo J Y,et al.Approach to Solidifying Minute Granule Iron-ore Tailings from Dahongshan Mine[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2013,13(6):77-81.
[7]印万忠.尾矿堆存技术的最新进展[J].金属矿山,2016,(7):10-19.Yin W Z.Latest Progress of Tailings Stockpiling Technology[J].Metal Mine,2016,(7):10-19.
[8]吴鹏,胡建军,郭利杰,等.尾矿干式堆存技术发展现状与方向[J].中国矿业,2014,23(A1):203-206.Wu P,Hu J J,Guo L J,et al.Review of Actually and Development Trend of Dry-tailings Stacking[J].China Mining Magazine,2014,23(A1):203-206.
[9]Cacciuttolo C,Barrera S,Caldwell J,et al.Filtered Dry Stacked Tailings:Developments and New Trends[C]//Sergio B.Proceedings of the 2nd International Seminar on Tailings Management.Antofagasta:Online Proceedings,2014:364-388.
[10]满亮,周新涛,罗钧耀,等.矿渣基低温陶瓷胶凝材料固化铁尾矿基础研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2014,33(10):2701-2705.Man L,Zhou X T,Luo J Y,et al.Solidification of Iron Ore Tailings Using Slag Based Cementitious Materials[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2014,33(10):2701-2705.
[11]司常钧.拜耳法赤泥固化基础研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2013:10-11.Si C J.Study on the Solidification of Bayer Red Mud[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2013:10-11.
[12]孙东阳.湖北某铁尾矿干排沉降及固结试验研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2014:15.Sun D Y.Study on the Settlement and Solidification of Iron Tailings from Hubei[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2014:15.
[13]陶志超,周新涛,罗中秋,等.含砷废渣水泥固化/稳定化技术研究进展[J].材料导报,2016,30(5):132-136.Tao Z C,Zhou X T,Luo Z Q,et al.Progress on the Solidification/Immobilization of Arsenic-bearing Waste Cement[J].Materials Review,2016,30(5):132-136.
[14]简家成,刘峥,杨宏斌,等.地聚物胶凝材料制备及应用研究现状[J].矿产综合利用,2014,(3):18-22.Jian J C,Liu Z,Yang H B,et al.Research on Preparation and Application Status of Geopolymers[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2014,(3):18-22.
[15]张书政,龚克诚.地聚合物[J].材料科学与工程学报,2003,21(3):430-436.Zhang S Z,Gong K C.Geopolymer[J].Journal of Materials Science&Engineering,2003,21(3):430-436.
[16]马鸿文,杨静,任玉峰,等.矿物聚合材料:研究现状与发展前景[J].地学前缘,2002,9(4):397-407.Ma H W,Yang J,Ren Y F,et al.Mineral Polymer:Current Developments and Prospects[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2002,9(4):397-407.
[17]罗少慧,王永在.粉煤灰基矿物聚合材料研究进展[J].中国非金属矿工业导刊,2013,(2):16-19.Luo S H,Wang Y Z.Research Porgress of Fly Ash-based Geopolymers[J].China Non-Metallic Mining Industry Herald,2013,(2):16-19.
[18]Shi C,Fernandez-Jimenez A.Stabilization/Solidification of Hazardous and Radioactive Wastes with Alkali-activated Cements[J].J.Hazard.Mater.,2006,137(3):1656-1663.
[19]Pandey B,Kinrade S D,Catalan L J J.Effects of Carbonation on the Leachability and Compressive Strength of Cement-solidified and Geopolymer-solidified Synthetic Metal Wastes[J].J.Environ.Manage.,2012,101:59-67.
[20]罗中秋,周新涛,贾庆明,等.磷渣基地聚物材料固化砷钙渣的机理[J].硅酸盐学报,2015,43(5):699-704.Luo Z Q,Zhou X T,Jia Q M,et al.Solidification/Immobilization of Calcium Arsenate Waste Using Phosphorous Slag Based Geopolymers[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2015,43(5):699-704.
[21]范静斐,张召述,夏举佩.矿渣制备低温陶瓷复合材料的研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2010,29(6):1323-1328.Fan J F,Zhang Z S,Xia J P.Research of Preparing Low-temperature Ceramic Composite Materials by Slag[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2010,29(6):1323-1328.
[22]朱丽苹,张召述,夏举佩.化学添加剂对磷渣活性的激发效果研究[J].粉煤灰,2009,(6):11-14.Zhu L P,Zhang Z S,Xia J P.Study of Activation of Chemical Admixture to Phosphorus Slag[J].Coal Ash China,2009,(6):11-14.
[23]施惠生,夏明,郭晓潞.粉煤灰基地聚合物反应机理及各组分作用的研究进展[J].硅酸盐学报,2013,41(7):972-980.Shi H S,Xia M,Guo X L.Research Development on Mechanism of Fly Ash-based Geopolymer and Effect of Each Component[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2013,41(7):972-980.
[24]张文生,叶家元,王渊,等.低碱高强硅铝聚合材料的研究[J].中国材料进展,2010,29(9):13-18.Zhang W S,Ye J Y,Wang Y,et al.Study on Low Alkali Content and High Strength Geopolymer[J].Materials China,2010,29(9):13-18.
[25]Barbosa V F F,Mac Kenzie K J D,Thaumaturgo C.Synthesis and Characterisation of Materials Based on Inorganic Polymers of Alumina and Silica:Sodium Polysialate Polymers[J].Int.J.Inorg.Mater.,2000,2(4):309-317.
[26]吴蓬,吕宪俊,胡术刚,等.粒化高炉矿渣胶凝性能活化研究进展[J].金属矿山,2012,41(10):157-161.Wu P,Lv X J,Hu S G,et al.Study Progress of the Activation of Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Cementitious Material[J].Metal Mine,2012,41(10):157-161.
[27]Van Deventer J S J,Xu H.Geopolymerization of Aluminosilicates:Relevance to the Minerals Industry[J].Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Bulletin,2002,1:20-27.
[28]Silva F J,Thaumaturgo C.Fibre Reinforcement and Fracture Response in Geopolymeric Mortars[J].Fatigue Fract.Eng.Mater.Struct.,2003,26(2):167-172.
[29]Lecomte I,Liégeois M,Rulmont A,et al.Synthesis and Characterization of New Inorganic Polymeric Composites Based on Kaolin or White Clay and on Ground-granulated Blast Furnace Slag[J].J.Mater.Res.,2003,18(11):2571-2579.
[30]Davidovits J.Geopolymer Chemistry and Properties[J].Geopolymer,1988,88(1):25-48.