特高压直流接地极周边地表电位分布计算与敏感性参数研究
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摘要
特高压直流输电工程单极大地运行时产生的地表电位分布对交流系统存在不利影响,为确保其安全稳定运行。文中对特高压直流接地极周边实际的土壤分布情况进行建模,采用行波法与镜像法对周边地表电位的分布进行计算。在MATLAB编写计算程序,比较水平分层和复合高山土壤模型地表电位分布规律;同时通过改变复合高山土壤模型参数,分析研究影响地表电位的敏感性参数。研究表明,以复合高山土壤模型计算地表电位后得到的电流分布基本与实测电流值相符;在距离直流接地极较近的复合高山土壤模型中浅层土壤厚度与电阻率、高山电阻率对地表电位的影响最为敏感,深层土壤电阻率影响次之,直流接地极埋深、高山宽度影响最小。
The distribution of earth surface potential(ESP) caused by the UHVDC project with the monopole ground return mode has negative impact on the AC system. In order to ensure safe and stable operation of the AC system,this paper modeled the actual distribution of soil around the UHVDC grounding electrode,and employs the traveling wave method and the image method to calculate the earth surface potential. The calculation program is coded with MAT-LAB to compare the regularities of ESP distribution in the horizontal double-layer model and the compound alpine soil model. The sensitive parameters affecting ESP are analyzed through changing the parameters of the compound alpine soil model. Results show that the current distribution via using the compound alpine soil model to calculate ESP is ba-sically consistent with the measured current value. And in the compound alpine soil model,the thickness and resistiv-ity of shallow soil and the alpine resistivity are more sensitive to ESP near the DC grounding electrode than the deep soil resistivity,and the buried depth of the DC grounding electrode and the alpine width are slightly sensitive.
The distribution of earth surface potential(ESP) caused by the UHVDC project with the monopole ground return mode has negative impact on the AC system. In order to ensure safe and stable operation of the AC system,this paper modeled the actual distribution of soil around the UHVDC grounding electrode,and employs the traveling wave method and the image method to calculate the earth surface potential. The calculation program is coded with MAT-LAB to compare the regularities of ESP distribution in the horizontal double-layer model and the compound alpine soil model. The sensitive parameters affecting ESP are analyzed through changing the parameters of the compound alpine soil model. Results show that the current distribution via using the compound alpine soil model to calculate ESP is ba-sically consistent with the measured current value. And in the compound alpine soil model,the thickness and resistiv-ity of shallow soil and the alpine resistivity are more sensitive to ESP near the DC grounding electrode than the deep soil resistivity,and the buried depth of the DC grounding electrode and the alpine width are slightly sensitive.
引文
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[14]王泽忠,谭瑞娟,刘连光,等.特高压变压器直流偏磁计算及无功功率特性分析[J].高压电器,2017,53(2):101-107.WANG Zezhong,TAN Ruijuan,LIU Lianguang,et al.DCbias calculation and characteristics analysis of reactive power for the UHV transformer[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017,53(2):101-107.
[15]郭满生,梅桂华,张喜乐,等.直流偏磁条件下单相三柱电力变压器的损耗计算[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(7):67-71.GUO Mansheng,MEI Guihua,ZHANG Xile,et al.Calculation of losses in single phase three limb transformer under DC-biasing[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(7):67-71.
[16]白保东,赵晓旋,陈德志,等.基于J-A模型对直流偏磁条件下变压器励磁电流的模拟及实验研究[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(s2):162-166.BAI Baodong,ZHAO Xiaoxuan,CHEN Dezhi,et al.Simulation and experiment research on transformer excitation current under DC magnetic bias based on J-A model[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(s2):162-166.
[17]刘渝根,冷迪,田资,等.基于Ansys Maxwell的750 kV自耦变压器直流偏磁仿真[J].高电压技术,2013,39(1):218-225.LIU Yugen,LENG Di,TIAN Zi,et al.DC bias simlation of750 kV autotransformer based on Ansys Maxwell[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(1):218-225.
[18]肖华.特高压直流输电引起的变压器直流偏磁问题的研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010.XIAO Hua.Research on transformer DC bias caused by UHVDC transmission[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2010.
[19]严垚淼.特高压直流单极运行时地表电位变化产生的偏磁电流对交流变压器的影响研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2016.YAN Yaomiao.Reserch on the influence of DC bias induce by the change of ESP on AC transformer in monopolar of UHVDC system operation[D].Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2016.
[20]马俊杰.考虑大地构造的直流输电接地极电位分布[D].北京:华北电力大学,2012.MA Junjie.Ground potential distribution of HVDC ground electrode considering tectonics[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2012.
[21]徐黄渤,吴广宁,曹晓斌,等.高压直流输电接地极溢流特性[J].电网技术,2013,37(4):1174-1179.XU Huangbo,WU Guangning,CAO Xiaobin,et al.Current overflow characteristics of earth electrodes for HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):1174-1179.
[2]叶廷路.葛南直流输电系统的运行与控制[J].电网技术,1994,18(1):20-25.YE Tinglu.Operation and control of Ge-nan HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,1994,18(1):20-25.
[3]解广润.电力系统接地技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,1996:27-25.XIE Guangrun.Power system grounding technology[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,1996:27-25.
[4]苑舜,王天施.电力变压器直流偏磁研究综述[J].高压电器,2010,46(3):83-87.YUAN Shun,WANG Tianshi.Summary of the research on transformer DC magnetic bias[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2010,46(3):83-87.
[5]MELIOPOULOS A P S,CHRISTOFORIDIS G.Effects of DC ground electrode on converter transformer[J].IEEEPower Delivery,1989,4(2):995-1002
[6]KAPPENMAN J G,NORR S R,SWEEZY G A,et al.GICmitigation:A neutral blocking/bypass device to prevent the flow of GIC in power systems[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery,1991,6(3):1271-1281
[7]王佳音,白保东,刘宏亮,等.直流偏磁对变压器振动噪声的影响[J].电工技术学报,2015,43(8):56-61.WANG Jiayin,BAI Baodong,LIU Hongliang,et al.Research on vibration and noise of transformers under DCbias[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,43(8):56-61.
[8]李泓志,崔翔,刘东升,等.直流偏磁对三相电力变压器的影响[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(5):88-96.LI Hongzhi,CUI Xiang,LIU Dongsheng,et al.Influence on three-phase power transformer by DC bias excitation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(5):88-96.
[9]陈德智,黄振华,刘杰,等.水平分层土壤中点电流源电流场的计算[J].高电压技术,2008,34(7):1379-1382.CHEN Dezhi,HUANG Zhenhua,LIU Jie,et al.Calculation of current field due to a point source in multi-layer soil[J].High Volt age Engineering,2008,34(7):1379-1382.
[10]刘力,孙结中.等值复数镜像法在多层土壤接地计算中的应用[J].高电压技术,1998,24(3):57-60.LIU Li,SUN Jiezhong.Application of equivalent complex image method in multi-lay er soils grounding calculation[J].High Volt age Engineering,1998,24(3):57-60.
[11]刘连光,马成廉.基于有限元方法的直流输电接地极多层土壤地电位分布计算[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(18):1-5.LIU Lianguang,MA Chenglian.Calculation of multi-layer soil earth surface potential distribution of HVDC due to finite element method[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(18):1-5
[12]郝治国,余洋,张保会,等.高压直流输电单极大地方式运行时地表电位分布规律[J].电力自动化设备,2009,29(6):10-14.HAO Zhiguo,YU Yang,ZHANG Baohui,et al.The distribution law of surface potential in HVDC monopole ground operation[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2009,29(6):10-14.
[13]李晓萍,文习山.三相五柱变压器直流偏磁计算研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(1):127-131.LI Xiaoping,WEN Xishan.DC bias computation study on three-phase five limbs transformer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(1):127-131.
[14]王泽忠,谭瑞娟,刘连光,等.特高压变压器直流偏磁计算及无功功率特性分析[J].高压电器,2017,53(2):101-107.WANG Zezhong,TAN Ruijuan,LIU Lianguang,et al.DCbias calculation and characteristics analysis of reactive power for the UHV transformer[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017,53(2):101-107.
[15]郭满生,梅桂华,张喜乐,等.直流偏磁条件下单相三柱电力变压器的损耗计算[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(7):67-71.GUO Mansheng,MEI Guihua,ZHANG Xile,et al.Calculation of losses in single phase three limb transformer under DC-biasing[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(7):67-71.
[16]白保东,赵晓旋,陈德志,等.基于J-A模型对直流偏磁条件下变压器励磁电流的模拟及实验研究[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(s2):162-166.BAI Baodong,ZHAO Xiaoxuan,CHEN Dezhi,et al.Simulation and experiment research on transformer excitation current under DC magnetic bias based on J-A model[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(s2):162-166.
[17]刘渝根,冷迪,田资,等.基于Ansys Maxwell的750 kV自耦变压器直流偏磁仿真[J].高电压技术,2013,39(1):218-225.LIU Yugen,LENG Di,TIAN Zi,et al.DC bias simlation of750 kV autotransformer based on Ansys Maxwell[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(1):218-225.
[18]肖华.特高压直流输电引起的变压器直流偏磁问题的研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010.XIAO Hua.Research on transformer DC bias caused by UHVDC transmission[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2010.
[19]严垚淼.特高压直流单极运行时地表电位变化产生的偏磁电流对交流变压器的影响研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2016.YAN Yaomiao.Reserch on the influence of DC bias induce by the change of ESP on AC transformer in monopolar of UHVDC system operation[D].Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2016.
[20]马俊杰.考虑大地构造的直流输电接地极电位分布[D].北京:华北电力大学,2012.MA Junjie.Ground potential distribution of HVDC ground electrode considering tectonics[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2012.
[21]徐黄渤,吴广宁,曹晓斌,等.高压直流输电接地极溢流特性[J].电网技术,2013,37(4):1174-1179.XU Huangbo,WU Guangning,CAO Xiaobin,et al.Current overflow characteristics of earth electrodes for HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):1174-1179.