Sb对A356合金组织和力学性能的影响及变质机理
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摘要
研究了Sb含量对A356合金组织和力学性能的影响,并利用热分析、液淬试验对Sb变质机理进行了分析。结果表明,Sb变质A356合金的最佳含量为0.4%,此时共晶Si由粗大的板条状变为细小的纤维状。由于Sb的变质作用,A356合金的力学性能尤其是伸长率得以显著提高,合金的铸态伸长率最高可达11.3%,相比于未变质合金提高了79%。结果表明,Sb能够有效地降低共晶组织的形核温度,提高其形核过冷度,降低共晶组织的形核率。
The effects of Sb additions on the microstructure and tensile properties of A356 alloy were investigated systematically,and thermal analysis and quenching experiments were carried out to explore the modification mechanism of Sb on Al-Si alloys.Microstructure observations show that with 0.4% Sb addition,coarse plate-like eutectic silicon phase can be converted into fibrous structure.Tensile tests show that the mechanical properties(especially the elongation)of A356 alloys are improved greatly.The maximum elongation value reaches 11.3% under as-cast condition,which is 79% higher than that of the unmodified alloy.Thermal analysis and quenching structure observation reveal that the nucleation temperature of eutectic Si phase is continuously decreased with Sb additions,therefore the nucleation undercooling can be increased to decrease nucleation rate of eutectic Si phase.
The effects of Sb additions on the microstructure and tensile properties of A356 alloy were investigated systematically,and thermal analysis and quenching experiments were carried out to explore the modification mechanism of Sb on Al-Si alloys.Microstructure observations show that with 0.4% Sb addition,coarse plate-like eutectic silicon phase can be converted into fibrous structure.Tensile tests show that the mechanical properties(especially the elongation)of A356 alloys are improved greatly.The maximum elongation value reaches 11.3% under as-cast condition,which is 79% higher than that of the unmodified alloy.Thermal analysis and quenching structure observation reveal that the nucleation temperature of eutectic Si phase is continuously decreased with Sb additions,therefore the nucleation undercooling can be increased to decrease nucleation rate of eutectic Si phase.
引文
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[3]LIU D,ATKINSON H V,KAPRANOS P,et al.Microstructural evolution and tensile mechanical properties of thixoformed high performance aluminium alloys[J].Mater.Sci.Eng.,2003,A361:213-224.
[4]孙霞飞,怯喜周,王研,等.原位颗粒增强A357复合材料的制备及组织力学性能[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2016,36(9):981-984.
[5]LI B,WANG H W,JIE J C,et al.Effects of yttrium and heat treatment on the microstructure and tensile properties of Al-7.5Si-0.5Mg alloy[J].Mater.Des.,2011,32:1 617-1 622.
[6]RAO A K P,DAS K,MURTY B S,et al.On the modification and segregation behavior of Sb in Al-7Si alloy during solidification[J].J.Mater.Lett.,2008,62:2 013-2 016.
[7]LI B,WANG H W,JIE J C,et al.Microstructure evolution and modification mechanism of the ytterbium modified Al-7.5%Si-0.45%Mg alloys[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2011,509:3 387-3 392.
[8]KNUUTINEN A,NOGITA K,MCDONALD SD,et al.Modification of Al-Si alloys with Ba,Ca,Y and Yb[J].J.Light Met,,2001(1):229-240.
[9]KHAN S,ELLIOTT R.Effect of antimony on the growth kinetics of aluminium-silicon eutectic alloys[J].J.Mater.Sci.,1994,29:736-741.
[10]UZUN O,YIYlMAZ F,KLEMEN U,et al.Sb effect on micro structural and mechanical properties of rapidly solidified Al-12Si alloy[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2011,509:21-26.
[11]董光明,廖恒成,孙国雄,等.Sb在Al-Si合金中的变质行为[J].铸造,2008,57(3):211-214.
[12]BIAN X F,WANG W M,QIN J Y.Liquid structure of Al-12.5%Si alloy modified by antimony[J].Mater.Charact.,2001,46:25-29.
[13]FATAHALLA N,HAFIZ M,ABDULKHALEK M.Effect of microstructure on the mechanical properties and fracture of commercial hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy modified with Na,Sb and Sr[J].J.Mater.Sci.,1999,34:3 555-3 564.
[14]BIAN X F,CHEN J H,LIU X F,et al.The effect of magnesium on the antimony modification of Al-Si alloys[J].JOM,1997,49:35-36.
[15]OURDJINI A,YILMAZ F,HAMED Q S,et al.Microstructure and mechanical-properties of directionally solidified Al-Si alloys with and without antimony[J].Mater.Sci.Technol.,1992(8):774-776.
[16]BOONTEIN S,SRISUKHUMBOVORNCHAI N,KAJORNCHAIYAKUL J,et al.Reduction in secondary dendrite arm spacing in cast aluminium alloy A356by Sb addition[J].Int.J.Cast Met.Res.,2013,24:108-112.
[17]LI J H,SUETSUGU S,TSUNEKAWA Y,et al.Refinement of eutectic Si phase in Al-5Si Alloys with Yb additions[J].Metall.Mater.Trans,2013,A44:669-681.
[18]MAKHLOUF M M,GUTHY H V.The aluminum-silicon eutectic reaction:mechanisms and crystallography[J].J.Light Met.,2001(1):199-218.
[19]NOGITA K,YASUDA H,YOSHIYA M,et al.The role of trace element segregation in the eutectic modification of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2010,489:415-420.
[20]MCDONALD S D,NOGITA K,DAHLE A K.Eutectic nucleation in Al-Si alloys[J].Acta Mater.,2004,52:4 273-4 280.
[21]HO C R,CANTOR B.Modification of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys[J].J.Mater.Sci.,1995,30:1 912-1 920.