昆明地区典型乔木主要挥发性有机物释放规律
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摘要
采用顶空活体采样法,于2011-04—2011-05采用电子鼻对昆明地区圆柏和雪松2种乔木植物挥发性有机物(BVOCS,包括α-蒎烯和异戊二烯)进行采集和实时分析,同时对天气情况、气温和湿度等参数进行观测。研究结果表明:2种乔木的BVOCS释放量明显不同,但均以排放异戊二烯为主;2种乔木BVOCS释放均具有显著的小时变化规律,在圆柏释放BVOCS时刻变化曲线上,4月均表现为"两峰两谷型",5月均表现为"三峰两谷型";雪松释放BVOCS的时刻变化曲线表现为"两峰一谷型",而最高值均出现在中午;2种乔木对典型BVOCS的释放均具有显著的日间变化,4月的变化趋势比5月的明显;BVOCS的释放与气温的变化规律一致,其中温度在24～35℃、相对湿度在45%～60%时,BVOCs释放量最大,且4月时较5月时大;2种乔木BVOCS释放量与温度显著正相关,α-蒎烯和异戊二烯的释放量与相对湿度的相关性,前者为正相关,后者为负相关,温度的相关性较湿度大。
The emissions regularities of Biogenic Volatile organic compounds(BVOCS:α-pinene and isoprene)for the primary landscape trees(Sabina Chinensis and Cedar)in Kunming were researched by headspace sampling method and were analyzed by Electronic Nose instantly.The dynamic emission characteristics of BVOCS were investigated for the two tree species from 2011-04 to 2011-05.Meanwhile,the influences of parameters such as climatic conditions, temperature and relative humidity on BVOCS released by the trees were studied.The results show that the emissions of BVOCS vary with the tree species,but both landscape trees mainly emit isoprene.The BVOCS emissions have significant change rule with the change of time.Sabina Chinensis concentration presents "two peaks two vales" in April and "three peaks two vales" in May;Cedar concentration presents "two peaks one vale" in April and in May,and the highest peaks of them both appear at noon.The diurnal variations in the emissions of BVOCS are very obvious.The emissions of BVOCS are relatively in accordance with the variation of temperature.The maximum emissions of the BVOCS for the two tree species appear at 24-35℃,and relative humidity of 45%-60%,and their emissions in April are greater than that in May.BVOCS emissions of the two tree species are positively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with relative humidity;the former was better than the latter.
The emissions regularities of Biogenic Volatile organic compounds(BVOCS:α-pinene and isoprene)for the primary landscape trees(Sabina Chinensis and Cedar)in Kunming were researched by headspace sampling method and were analyzed by Electronic Nose instantly.The dynamic emission characteristics of BVOCS were investigated for the two tree species from 2011-04 to 2011-05.Meanwhile,the influences of parameters such as climatic conditions, temperature and relative humidity on BVOCS released by the trees were studied.The results show that the emissions of BVOCS vary with the tree species,but both landscape trees mainly emit isoprene.The BVOCS emissions have significant change rule with the change of time.Sabina Chinensis concentration presents "two peaks two vales" in April and "three peaks two vales" in May;Cedar concentration presents "two peaks one vale" in April and in May,and the highest peaks of them both appear at noon.The diurnal variations in the emissions of BVOCS are very obvious.The emissions of BVOCS are relatively in accordance with the variation of temperature.The maximum emissions of the BVOCS for the two tree species appear at 24-35℃,and relative humidity of 45%-60%,and their emissions in April are greater than that in May.BVOCS emissions of the two tree species are positively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with relative humidity;the former was better than the latter.
引文
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[15]郭霞,田森林,宁平,等.电子鼻测定苯系物的方法研究[J].化工自动化及仪表,2011,38(7):802-806.GUO Xia,TIAN Senlin,NING Ping,et al.Benzenes determination with electronic nose[J].Control and Instruments in Chemical Industry,2011,38(7):802-806.
[16]李娟,王成,彭镇华,等.侧柏春季挥发物浓度日变化规律及其影响因子研究[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(1):82-90.LI Juan,WANG Cheng,PENG Zhenhua,et al.The diurnal variation and influence factors of VOC of Platycladus orientalis in spring[J].Forest Research,2011,24(1):82-90.
[17]Kim J C.Factors controlling natural VOC emissions in a southeastern US pine forest[J].Atmosphere Environment,2001,35:3279-3292.
[18]郄光发,王成,彭镇华.森林生物挥发性有机物释放速率研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(6):1151-1155.QIE Guangfa,WANG Cheng,PENG Zhenhua.Research advances on BVOCS emission from forest[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2005,16(6):1151-1155.
[2]谢扬飚,邵敏,陆思华,等.北京市园林绿地植被挥发性有机物排放的估算[J].中国环境科学,2007,27(4):498-502.XIE Yangyang,SHAO Min,LU Sihua,et al.The estimation of volatile organic compounds emission from landscape plants in Beijing[J].China Environmental Science,2007,27(4):498-502.
[3]盖苗苗,周春玲,曲宁,等.雪松的挥发性物质成分及抑菌效益研究[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(7):311-313.GAI Miaomiao,ZHOU Chunling,QU Ning,et al.The study of volatile substances from Cedar and its antibacterial benefit[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2010,26(7):311-313.
[4]吕慧.4种花卉的次生代谢物质及抑菌作用的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学林学院,2010:10-25.LüHui.Secondary metabolites from4flowering Plants and their antimicrobial role[D].Harbin:Northeast Forestry University.College of Forestry,2010:10-25.
[5]张玉洁,庞小兵,牟玉静.北京市植物排放的异戊二烯对大气中甲醛的贡献[J].环境科学,2009,30(4):976-981.ZHANG Yujie,PANG Xiaobing,MU Yujing.Contribution of isoprene emitted from vegetable to atmospheric formaldehyde in the ambient air of Beijing City[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(4):976-981.
[6]Penuelas J,Staudt M.BVOCs and global change[J].Tren Plant Sci,2010,15:133-144.
[7]黄爱葵,李楠.植物源挥发性有机物的生态意义[J].亚热带植物科学,2011,40(3):81-86.HUANG Aikui,LI Nan.The ecological significance of botanical volatile organic compounds[J].Subtropical Plant Science,2011,40(3):81-86.
[8]梁珍海,刘海燕,陈霞,等.南京紫金山不同植物群落中VOCs的组成[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2011,25(1):34-38.LIANG Zhenhai,LIU Haiyan,CHEN Xia,et al.Analysis of compositions and changes of VOCs in different plantcommunities of Zijinshan Mountain in Nanjing[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Science Edition,2011,25(1):34-38.
[9]李娟.侧柏和油松挥发物动态变化规律研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,2009:15-25.LI Juan.The VOCS emission of two tree species of Platycladus orientalis and Pinus tabulaeformis in urban environment[D].Beijing:Academy of Chinese Forestry Science.Research Institute of Forestry,2009:15-25.
[10]高岩.北京市绿化树木挥发性有机物释放动态及其对人体健康的影响[D].北京:北京林业大学生物中心,2005:10-20.GAO Yan.Releasing variation and effects on human health of volatile organic compounds from landscape trees in Beijing[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University.Biological Center of Forest Plant,2005:10-20.
[11]唐孝炎,张远航,邵敏.大气环境化学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:70-80.TANG Xiaoyan,ZHANG Yuanhang,SHAO Min.Environmental chemistry of atmosphere[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006:70-80.
[12]Atkinson R,Arey J.Gas-phase troposphere chemistry of biogenic volatile organic compounds:A review[J].Atmospheric Environment,2003,37:197-219.
[13]Benjamin M T,Winer A M.Estimating the ozone-forming potential of urban trees and shrubs[J].Atmospheric Environment,1998,32:53-68.
[14]佘金明,钟明,梁逸曾,等.药对桂枝—白术及其单味药中挥发油成分GC-MS的比较分析[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,42(1):22-27.SHE Jinming,ZHONG Ming,LIANG Yizeng,et al.Comparative analysis of volatile constituents in herbal pair Ramulus Cinnamomi-Atractylodes macrocephala and its signal herb by GC-MS[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2011,42(1):22-27.
[15]郭霞,田森林,宁平,等.电子鼻测定苯系物的方法研究[J].化工自动化及仪表,2011,38(7):802-806.GUO Xia,TIAN Senlin,NING Ping,et al.Benzenes determination with electronic nose[J].Control and Instruments in Chemical Industry,2011,38(7):802-806.
[16]李娟,王成,彭镇华,等.侧柏春季挥发物浓度日变化规律及其影响因子研究[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(1):82-90.LI Juan,WANG Cheng,PENG Zhenhua,et al.The diurnal variation and influence factors of VOC of Platycladus orientalis in spring[J].Forest Research,2011,24(1):82-90.
[17]Kim J C.Factors controlling natural VOC emissions in a southeastern US pine forest[J].Atmosphere Environment,2001,35:3279-3292.
[18]郄光发,王成,彭镇华.森林生物挥发性有机物释放速率研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(6):1151-1155.QIE Guangfa,WANG Cheng,PENG Zhenhua.Research advances on BVOCS emission from forest[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2005,16(6):1151-1155.