红颈常室茧蜂雌性生殖系统及卵巢管形态学观察
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摘要
利用光学显微镜和透射电镜观察红颈常室茧蜂Peristenus spretus Chen et van Achterberg雌性生殖系统结构、卵巢发育和卵子发生、卵子超微结构,并对15℃和23℃饲养条件下不同日龄的雌蜂卵巢管长度、卵巢管内卵室大小与成熟度进行了比较,揭示了该茧蜂雌性生殖系统结构与特征。结果表明:1)红颈常室茧蜂生殖系统结构主要包括一对卵巢、2条输卵管、中输卵管等;2)雌成虫在羽化前期(1～3 d)卵巢内的成熟卵粒较少,卵巢管内含有大量的卵原细胞,卵子内充满了大量的脂滴,中后期(5～11 d)随着脂肪体的降解吸收,卵子内逐渐新生一些线粒体、高尔基体等细胞器,其内存在滋养细胞、卵母细胞,并且滋养细胞无细胞膜存在。3)同一温度不同日龄红颈常室茧蜂卵粒数、成熟卵子数均差异显著,23℃下红颈常室茧蜂每条卵巢管内的日均卵子数20.70粒,显著高于15℃的日均卵子数18.65粒。
The structure of female reproductive system, ovarian development, oogenesis, egg ultrastructure, and ovariole growth under different temperatures in Peristenus spretus Chen et van Achterberg were observed using optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that: 1) The reproductive system of P. spretus consisted of a pair of ovaries, two oviducts and a median oviduct. 2) In the newly emerged females(1―3 d), the ovary had fewer mature eggs and the ovarioles contained a large number of oogonia cells filled with rich lipid droplets. In middle-aged femals(5―11 d), mitochondria and Golgi gradually emerged with the degradation and absorption of fat bodies. These organelles contained oocyte and nurse cells without cell membrane. 3) The number of matured oocytes and eggs in different ages was significantly different, the total number of eggs in each ovariole was 20.7 at 23 ℃, significantly more than that(18.65) at 15 ℃.
The structure of female reproductive system, ovarian development, oogenesis, egg ultrastructure, and ovariole growth under different temperatures in Peristenus spretus Chen et van Achterberg were observed using optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that: 1) The reproductive system of P. spretus consisted of a pair of ovaries, two oviducts and a median oviduct. 2) In the newly emerged females(1―3 d), the ovary had fewer mature eggs and the ovarioles contained a large number of oogonia cells filled with rich lipid droplets. In middle-aged femals(5―11 d), mitochondria and Golgi gradually emerged with the degradation and absorption of fat bodies. These organelles contained oocyte and nurse cells without cell membrane. 3) The number of matured oocytes and eggs in different ages was significantly different, the total number of eggs in each ovariole was 20.7 at 23 ℃, significantly more than that(18.65) at 15 ℃.
引文
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[15]胡尊睿,徐志强,姜晓龙.管氏肿腿蜂雌性生殖系统解剖结构的研究[J].中国森林病虫,2013,32(1):4-7.
[16]王竹红,陈颖,黄建.刺桐姬小蜂生殖系统解剖研究及产卵行为观察[J].福建农业学报,2010,25(3):260-263.
[17]徐海云,杨念婉,万方浩.两种烟粉虱寄生蜂的雌性生殖系统结构与卵巢发育特点[J].科技导报,2015,33(7):79-83.
[18]刘永华,李鲜花,阎雄飞.毛缺沟姬蜂雌性内生殖器官的结构及其发育[J].环境昆虫学报,2011,33(2):261-264.
[19]Chapman R F.The Insects:Structure and Function[M].Cambridge University Press,1998,770.
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[21]陆剑锋,李永,陈学新,等.腰带长体茧蜂毒液器官和卵巢的形态学及其超微结构[J].昆虫知识,2006,43(6):818-821.
[22]Tilden R I,Ferkovich S M.Regulation of protein synthesis during egg development of the parasitic wasp[J].Microplitis Croceipes Insect Biochem,1987,17:783-792.
[23]Sun M,Ye G Y,Hu C.Analysis of the soluble protein in three species of parasitoids and molecular characteristics of yolk protein in Pteromalus puparum[J].Insect Science,2001,8(4):298-308.
[24]董胜张,叶恭银,胡萃.不同类群寄生蜂卵黄蛋白的检测和免疫相关性分析[J].昆虫学报,2009,52(9):1024-1027.
[25]王俊丽.中华蚱蜢卵子发生的显微与超微结构研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2002.
[26]吕慧平,叶恭银,徐颖,等.蝶蛹金小蜂卵黄发生前后脂肪体和卵泡的超微结构[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2003,29(3):315-320.
[27]胡萃.蝶蛹金小蜂发育速率与温度的关系[J].昆虫学报,1986(1):103-105.
[28]伊承山,陈学新,郎法勇,何俊华.美洲斑潜蝇寄生蜂-黄腹潜蝇茧蜂成虫的生物学特性[J].昆虫学报,2003,46(4):505-511.
[29]田秋,丛斌,张海燕,等.不同温度对麦蛾茧蜂实验种群生长发育的影响[J].昆虫知识,2006,43(5):666-669.
[30]施祖华,刘树生.温度对菜蛾绒茧蜂生长发育、存活和繁殖的影响[J].植物保护学报,1999,26(2):142.
[31]曾强,陈乾锦,张玉珍.烟仓麦蛾茧蜂Habrobracon hebetor(SAY)的生物学生态学特性研究[J].武夷科学,2003,19:283-286.
[32]刘春燕,陈科伟,曾玲,等.温度对前裂长管茧蜂生长发育与繁殖的影响[J].应用生态学报,2011,23(11):3051-3056.
[33]梁启富,刘冬冬,刘同先.烟蚜茧蜂种内寄主识别与内部竞争[J].植物保护学报,2018,45(2):187-193.
[2]Davey K G.The reproductive tract[M]//Kerkut G A,Gilbert L I,eds.Comprehensive Insect Physiology,Biochemistry and Pharmacology.Oxford:Pergamon Press,1985,15-36.
[3]奚耕思,梁开丹,范东芬,等.昆虫卵子发生调控因素的研究进展[J].昆虫知识,2010,47(5):848-855.
[4]吕慧平.蝶蛹金小锋卵巢发育和卵黄发生的影响因子及其作用[D].浙江:浙江大学,2002.
[5]Sharpe J H,DeMichele D W,Mann J A,et al.Temperature dependent and parasitism rates of four species of Pteromalidae(Hymenoptera)parasitoids of house fly(Musca domestica)pupae[J].Medical and Veterinary Entomology,1990,4:245-253.
[6]Lyayk T J.Relationships between temperature and life history parameters of Muscidif-urax zaraptor(Hymenoptera:Pteromalidae)[J].Environmental Entomology,2009,29:596-605.
[7]罗淑萍,蒂姆.海,陆宴辉,等.一种盲蝽寄生蜂的人工饲养方法[P].2011,ZL201110092491.3.
[8]Harwood J F,Chen K,Müller H G,et al.Effects of diet and host access on fecundity and lifespan in two fruit fly species with different life history patterns[J].Physiological Entomology,2013,38(1):81-88.
[9]吕万明.白背飞虱雌性生殖系统的构造和卵巢发育分级的初步观察[J].应用昆虫学报,1980,17(4):40-41.
[10]芦芳,齐国君,秦冉冉,等.褐飞虱卵巢发育的形态变化过程及分级标准[J].应用昆虫学报,2011,48(5):1394-1400.
[11]刘颖,徐鹏辉,陈舟,等.柑橘大实蝇雌成虫卵巢发育的分级[J].华中农业大学学报,2015,34(1):33-37.
[12]Nation J L.Courtship behavior and evidence for a sex attractant in the male caribbean fruit fly,Anastrepha suspense[J].Annals of the Entomological Society of America,1972,65(6):1364-1367.
[13]Aluja M,Díazfleischer F,Papaj D R,et al.Effects of age,diet,female density,and the host resource on egg load in Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua(Diptera:Tephritidae)[J].Journal of Insect Physiology,2001,47(9):975-988.
[14]钟林海,廖永林,张扬,等.霍氏啮小蜂的卵巢发育和卵子发生[J].环境昆虫学报,2016,38(1):154-158.
[15]胡尊睿,徐志强,姜晓龙.管氏肿腿蜂雌性生殖系统解剖结构的研究[J].中国森林病虫,2013,32(1):4-7.
[16]王竹红,陈颖,黄建.刺桐姬小蜂生殖系统解剖研究及产卵行为观察[J].福建农业学报,2010,25(3):260-263.
[17]徐海云,杨念婉,万方浩.两种烟粉虱寄生蜂的雌性生殖系统结构与卵巢发育特点[J].科技导报,2015,33(7):79-83.
[18]刘永华,李鲜花,阎雄飞.毛缺沟姬蜂雌性内生殖器官的结构及其发育[J].环境昆虫学报,2011,33(2):261-264.
[19]Chapman R F.The Insects:Structure and Function[M].Cambridge University Press,1998,770.
[20]Andrade G S,Sousa A H,Santos J C,et al.Oogenesis pattern and type of ovariole of the parasitoid Palmistichus elaeisis(Hymenoptera:Eulophidae)[J].Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences,2012,84(3):767-774.
[21]陆剑锋,李永,陈学新,等.腰带长体茧蜂毒液器官和卵巢的形态学及其超微结构[J].昆虫知识,2006,43(6):818-821.
[22]Tilden R I,Ferkovich S M.Regulation of protein synthesis during egg development of the parasitic wasp[J].Microplitis Croceipes Insect Biochem,1987,17:783-792.
[23]Sun M,Ye G Y,Hu C.Analysis of the soluble protein in three species of parasitoids and molecular characteristics of yolk protein in Pteromalus puparum[J].Insect Science,2001,8(4):298-308.
[24]董胜张,叶恭银,胡萃.不同类群寄生蜂卵黄蛋白的检测和免疫相关性分析[J].昆虫学报,2009,52(9):1024-1027.
[25]王俊丽.中华蚱蜢卵子发生的显微与超微结构研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2002.
[26]吕慧平,叶恭银,徐颖,等.蝶蛹金小蜂卵黄发生前后脂肪体和卵泡的超微结构[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2003,29(3):315-320.
[27]胡萃.蝶蛹金小蜂发育速率与温度的关系[J].昆虫学报,1986(1):103-105.
[28]伊承山,陈学新,郎法勇,何俊华.美洲斑潜蝇寄生蜂-黄腹潜蝇茧蜂成虫的生物学特性[J].昆虫学报,2003,46(4):505-511.
[29]田秋,丛斌,张海燕,等.不同温度对麦蛾茧蜂实验种群生长发育的影响[J].昆虫知识,2006,43(5):666-669.
[30]施祖华,刘树生.温度对菜蛾绒茧蜂生长发育、存活和繁殖的影响[J].植物保护学报,1999,26(2):142.
[31]曾强,陈乾锦,张玉珍.烟仓麦蛾茧蜂Habrobracon hebetor(SAY)的生物学生态学特性研究[J].武夷科学,2003,19:283-286.
[32]刘春燕,陈科伟,曾玲,等.温度对前裂长管茧蜂生长发育与繁殖的影响[J].应用生态学报,2011,23(11):3051-3056.
[33]梁启富,刘冬冬,刘同先.烟蚜茧蜂种内寄主识别与内部竞争[J].植物保护学报,2018,45(2):187-193.