发动机气门弹簧工艺参数调整
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摘要
气门弹簧制造过程中,节距影响弹簧自由长度,从而影响气门弹簧的性能。根据实际的气门弹簧节距和线圈数,用CATIA建立数学模型,确定弹簧自由长度、节距以及弹簧圈数之间的关系。基于ABAQUS平台,以标准弹簧为力学基础,对不同超差量的气门弹簧模型进行静力学有限元仿真分析和预应力模态分析。控制超差模型和标准模型的网格、材料以及边界条件等一致,比较两者仿真分析结果,得到弹簧自由长度超差量的变化对弹簧性能的影响。仿真结果表明,弹簧自由长度偏差量绝对值的增加都将导致米塞斯应力、最大剪切应力和一阶模态的变化。应某企业要求,与标准模型相比,偏差模型的偏差极限值应该小于2.5 mm时,两个模型之间的应力偏差小于10%。因此,预设2.0 mm偏差量能够保证弹簧的制造工艺。
During the manufacturing process of valve springs, the spring pitch can greatly affect the free length of the spring and thus the performance of the valve spring. In this paper, according to the actual valve spring pitch and coil number,a mathematical model of the valve spring is established by means of CATIA to determine the relationship among the spring free length, pitch and the number of coils. Based on the ABAQUS platform, the static spring finite element simulation analysis and pre-stressing modal analysis of the valve spring model with different amount of tolerance are carried out with a standard spring as the mechanics foundation. It is shown from the simulation results that the increase of absolute value of free length deviation will cause the change of Mises stress, maximum shear stress and the first order modal of the valve spring. Compared with standard model, the deviation limitation should be below 2.5 mm, to ensure that the stress difference between the standard model and the deviation model is lower than 10 %. Thus, the preset 2.0 mm manufacture deviation is sound for manufacturing quality control.
During the manufacturing process of valve springs, the spring pitch can greatly affect the free length of the spring and thus the performance of the valve spring. In this paper, according to the actual valve spring pitch and coil number,a mathematical model of the valve spring is established by means of CATIA to determine the relationship among the spring free length, pitch and the number of coils. Based on the ABAQUS platform, the static spring finite element simulation analysis and pre-stressing modal analysis of the valve spring model with different amount of tolerance are carried out with a standard spring as the mechanics foundation. It is shown from the simulation results that the increase of absolute value of free length deviation will cause the change of Mises stress, maximum shear stress and the first order modal of the valve spring. Compared with standard model, the deviation limitation should be below 2.5 mm, to ensure that the stress difference between the standard model and the deviation model is lower than 10 %. Thus, the preset 2.0 mm manufacture deviation is sound for manufacturing quality control.
引文
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[3]韩雅静,王哲人,王慧.汽车发动机气门弹簧断裂分析[J].金属热处理,2001(9):47-48.
[4]秦大同,谢里阳.现代机械设计手册:弹簧设计[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2013:21-33.
[5]杨辉,吴启梁.气门弹簧断裂的影响因素及原因分析[J].内燃机,2010(2):37-40.
[6]徐芝纶.弹性力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:10-20.
[7]刘晶波,杜立修.结构动力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:38-41.
[8]杨伟明.气门弹簧共振断裂的预防[J].机械工业标准化与质量,2008,(10):42-44.