列车节能运行目标速度控制优化研究
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摘要
探讨了城市轨道交通列车节能运行控制问题,提出了一种分段目标速度控制策略,将目标速度的大小、调速范围和里程范围作为控制参量,建立了定时约束下的列车节能运行优化模型.设计了一种双重惩罚机制的实数编码遗传算法求解模型,对列车晚点和非节能方案进行惩罚以提高算法收敛速度.仿真分析表明,该方法得到的目标速度控制方案较好地适应了线路条件,有效地避免了列车在下坡道的制动调速,与启发式算法得到的运行结果相比,案例中不同富裕时分程度下的优化方案平均节能率22.2%.
The paper studies the problem of urban rail transit train energy-saving operation control, proposes a discrete target speed control strategy, and takes the target speed parameters(velocity values, range of velocity bound and scale of cover mileage) as control variables. Then, an optimization model with timing constraints is established for efficient operation. To solve the model, a real coded genetic algorithm with a double punishment mechanism(DPM) is designed, and the DPM is applied to punish overtime scheme and non-energy-saving scheme so as to improve the convergence rate. The simulation results indicate that, the optimal target speed schemes obtained by this method are well adapted to the line conditions, and effectively avoid the train braking on the lower ramp. Compared with the results obtained by the heuristic algorithm, the average energy-efficient ratio under different rich time is 22.2%.
The paper studies the problem of urban rail transit train energy-saving operation control, proposes a discrete target speed control strategy, and takes the target speed parameters(velocity values, range of velocity bound and scale of cover mileage) as control variables. Then, an optimization model with timing constraints is established for efficient operation. To solve the model, a real coded genetic algorithm with a double punishment mechanism(DPM) is designed, and the DPM is applied to punish overtime scheme and non-energy-saving scheme so as to improve the convergence rate. The simulation results indicate that, the optimal target speed schemes obtained by this method are well adapted to the line conditions, and effectively avoid the train braking on the lower ramp. Compared with the results obtained by the heuristic algorithm, the average energy-efficient ratio under different rich time is 22.2%.
引文
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[8]毛保华,何天健,袁振洲,等.通用列车运行模拟软件系统研究[J].铁道学报,2000,22(1):1-6.[MAO B H,HO T J,YUAN Z Z,et al.A general-purposed simulation system on train movement[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2000,22(1):1-6.]
[9]毛保华,李夏苗.列车运行计算与设计(第二版)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2013.[MAO B H,LI X M.Train movement calculation and design(The second edition)[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2013.]
[10]马超云,毛保华,梁肖,等.地铁列车节能运行惰行控制研究[J].交通信息与安全,2010,28(2):7-42.[MA CY,MAO B H,LIANG X,et al.Coast control of urban train movement for energy efficiency[J].Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2010,28(2):7-42.]
[11]孙其升,胡文斌,陈磊,等.基于粒子群优化算法的地铁列车节能运行研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,2015(10):84-88.[SUN Q S,HU W B,CHEN L,et al.Study on subway trains'energy saving operation based on PSO[J].Urban Mass Transit,2015(10):84-88.]
[2]HOWLETT P G.The optimal control of a train[J].Annals of Operations Research,2000(98):65-87.
[3]王自力.列车节能运行优化操纵的研究[J].西南交通大学学报,1994,29(3):275-280.[WANG Z L.An optimal operating method of train running for saving energy[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,1994,29(3):275-280.]
[4]CHANG C S,SIM S S.Optimising train movements through coast control using genetic algotithms[J].IEE,1997,144(1):65-73.
[5]金炜东,王自力,李崇维,等.列车节能操纵优化方法研究[J].铁道学报,1997,19(6):58-62.[JIN W D,WANG Z L,LI C W,et al.Study on optimization method of train operation for saving energy[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,1997,19(6):58-62.]
[6]丁勇,毛保华,刘海东,等.定时约束条件下列车节能操纵的仿真算法研究[J].系统仿真学报,2004,16(10):2241-2244.[DING Y,MAO B H,LIU H D,et al.An algorithm for energy-efficient train operation simulation with fixed running time[J].Journal of System Simulation,2004,16(10):2241-2244.]
[7]柏赟,毛保华,周方明,等.基于功耗分析的货物列车节能运行控制方法研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2009,9(3):43-50.[BAI Y,MAO B H,ZHOU F M,et al.Energy-efficient driving strategy for freight trains based on power consumption analysis[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2009,9(3):43-50.]
[8]毛保华,何天健,袁振洲,等.通用列车运行模拟软件系统研究[J].铁道学报,2000,22(1):1-6.[MAO B H,HO T J,YUAN Z Z,et al.A general-purposed simulation system on train movement[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2000,22(1):1-6.]
[9]毛保华,李夏苗.列车运行计算与设计(第二版)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2013.[MAO B H,LI X M.Train movement calculation and design(The second edition)[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2013.]
[10]马超云,毛保华,梁肖,等.地铁列车节能运行惰行控制研究[J].交通信息与安全,2010,28(2):7-42.[MA CY,MAO B H,LIANG X,et al.Coast control of urban train movement for energy efficiency[J].Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2010,28(2):7-42.]
[11]孙其升,胡文斌,陈磊,等.基于粒子群优化算法的地铁列车节能运行研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,2015(10):84-88.[SUN Q S,HU W B,CHEN L,et al.Study on subway trains'energy saving operation based on PSO[J].Urban Mass Transit,2015(10):84-88.]