摘要
全球气候变化问题对旅游业提出了新的要求。测算旅游业碳排放是深入研究低碳旅游的基础,对低碳旅游发展具有重要意义。基于投入产出法较为准确地估算了2008年~2014年湖南省旅游业的直接碳排放,分析了湖南省旅游业直接碳排放强度与人均碳排放的演变趋势,运用GRA关联法分析了湖南省旅游业各部门对碳排放影响的关联度。研究表明:(1)2008年~2014年,湖南省旅游业直接碳排放增长较快,从295.25万吨增长到783.14万吨;(2)湖南省交通、餐饮、购物和住宿部门的碳排放占到了旅游业直接碳排放总量的90%以上,是旅游业减碳化的主攻方向;(3)湖南省旅游业直接碳排放强度与人均碳排放呈现波动下降的趋势;(4)湖南省旅游业吃、住、行、游、购、娱六部门的碳排放与旅游业直接碳排放总量的关联度排序依次为:旅游游览(0.9296)>旅游餐饮(0.8456)>旅游交通(0.8254)>旅游住宿(0.8092)>旅游购物(0.7109)>其他(0.5732);(5)湖南省旅游业节能减排的突破点在于改变传统游览方式,重点在于促进交通理念和交通模式低碳化。
Global-climate-change problem poses new demands for tourism industry development. Estimating carbon emissions from tourism is the basis for further research on low-carbon tourism, which is of great significance to the development of low-carbon tourism. Based on input-output method, this paper estimated the direct carbon emissions of tourism in Hunan province from 2008 to 2014, analyzed the evolution trend of carbon intensity and per-person carbon emission in tourism industry of Hunan Province, and used GRA method to analyze the correlation of each tourism sectors impact of the total tourism carbon emission. The research showed that:(1) The direct carbon emissions of Hunan tourism from 2008 to 2014 grew rapidly, from 2.9525 million tons to 7.8314 million tons;(2)Transport, catering, shopping and accommodation sector accounted for more than 90% of total tourism emissions from 2008 to 2014, those were main directions of carbon reduction.(3)The tourism carbon intensity and per-person carbon emission of Hunan Province showed a downward evolution trend.(4)The correlation between sectors carbon emissions and total carbon emissions of Hunan tourism involved food, housing, transportation, sightseeing,shopping and entertainment was ranked as follows: Sightseeing(0.9296)>Tourism Catering(0.8456)>Tourism Transportation(0.8254)>Tourist Accommodation(0.8092)>Travel Shopping(0.7109)>Others(0.5732).(5)Changing traditional way of sightseeing was the breakthrough point for Energy conservation of tourism. Also,promoting low-carbon transportation concept and low-carbon transportation mode were equally important.
引文
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(1)数据来源:湖南省统计年鉴。