松散堆积土边坡充气排水方法
|
摘要
坡体地下水是影响边坡稳定的主要因素,将水排出往往能够阻止滑坡的启动。通过应用基本理论和模型试验对高压充气法应用在边坡排水工程中的可行性进行研究分析。结果表明:将高压充气排水法应用在边坡排水工程中是可行的,且适用于土体中最大孔径大于5.0μm的边坡;气驱水过程存在初始充气气压且存在上限值;气排水速度与土体渗透系数和充气气压成正比、与水头高度和孔隙通道半径成反比;气排水过程中土体大孔隙通道内产生优先流现象。
The groundwater in slope is one of the main factors that affect its stability.Draining water from slope can prevent the landslide from booting.The feasibility of applying compressed air to drain water in slope engineering by using basic theory model test was analyzed.It is concluded that this drainage method for slope is feasible and applicable to soil with pores radius above 5.0 μm,and the process of draining water with pressure air has the initial pressure.The drainage rate presents a proportional relation to the permeability coefficient and air pressure,and an inverse relation to the water head and pore radius.The preferential flow could be observed in bigger pores.
The groundwater in slope is one of the main factors that affect its stability.Draining water from slope can prevent the landslide from booting.The feasibility of applying compressed air to drain water in slope engineering by using basic theory model test was analyzed.It is concluded that this drainage method for slope is feasible and applicable to soil with pores radius above 5.0 μm,and the process of draining water with pressure air has the initial pressure.The drainage rate presents a proportional relation to the permeability coefficient and air pressure,and an inverse relation to the water head and pore radius.The preferential flow could be observed in bigger pores.
引文
[1]王家海,任佳,张顺斌,等.利用地下水水位对滑坡预警的分析及探讨[J].地下空间与工程学报,2008,4(6):1152-1156.Wang Jiahai,Ren Jia,Zhang Shunbin,et al.Analysisand Discussion of Utilizing Groundwater Level forLandslide Early-Warning[J].Chinese Journal ofUnderground Space and Engineering,2008,4(6),1152-1156.
[2]叶为民,王初生,王琼,等.非饱和黏性土中气体渗透特征[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(2):244-248.Ye Weimin,Wang Chusheng,Wang Qiong,et al.Laboratory Tests on the Characteristics of Air-Perme-Ation in Unsaturated Shanghai Soil[J].Journal ofEngineering Geology,2009,17(2):244-248.
[3]Nusier O K,Rousan L M.Soil Air Permeability andCarbon Dioxide Flux Measurements from the SoilSurface[J].Communications in Soil Science and PlantAnalysis,2008,39:1406-1415.
[4]刘辉,李仲奎,廖宜,等.压气新奥法隧道施工中的渗流分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(3):584-589.Liu Hui,Li Zhongkui,Liao Yi,et al.SeepageAnalysis in New Austria Tunneling Method withCompressed Air[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2006,25(3):584-589.
[5]Javadi A A,Snee C P M.Prediction of CompressedAir Leakage from Tunnels[J].Tunnelling andUnderground Space Technology,1996,11(2):189-195.
[6]林成功,吴德伦.土层透气性现场试验与分析[J].岩土力学,2003,24(4):579-582.Lin Chenggong,Wu Delun.The Local Test andAnalysis of Soil Permeability[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2003,24(4):579-582.
[7]刘加龙,姚春雷,孔建.立体排水网络在大型富水覆盖层滑坡治理中的应用[J].土工基础,2007,21(6):2006-2007.Liu Jialong,Yao Chunlei,Kong Jian.Application ofThree-Dimensional Drainage Network in Large-ScaleWater-Soaked Overburden Landslide Treatment[J].Soil Engineering and Foundation,2007,21(6):2006-2007.
[8]朱正武,王虎,张鹏.三维排水与深层土体位移监测技术在滑坡治理中的运用[J].西部探矿工程,2010(1):21-23.Zhu Zhengwu,Wang Hu,Zhang Peng.The ThreeDimensional Drainage and Deep DisplacementMonitoring Technique are Used in Landslide[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2010(1):21-23.
[9]胡启芳.采用水平排水孔治理滑坡的探讨[J].公路与汽运,2009(4):142-144.Hu Qifang.The Discussion of Using Horizontal DrainHole for Landslide[J].Highway and AutomotiveApplications,2009(4):142-144.
[10]展长虹,焦文玲,廉乐明,等.利用含水层建造地下储气库[J].天然气工程,2001,21(4):88-91.Zhan Changhong,Jiao Wenling,Lian Leming,et al.The Construction of Underground Gas Storage inAquifers[J].Natural Gas Industry,2001,21(4):88-91.
[11]周克明,李宁,张清秀,等.气水两相渗流及封闭气的形成机理实验研究[J].天然气工业,2002,22(增刊):122-125.Zhou Keming,Li Ning,Zhang Qingxiu,et al.Experimental Research on Gas-Water Two PhaseFlow and Confined Gas Formation Mechanism[J].Natural Gas Industry,2002,22(Sup.):122-125.
[12]科林斯R E.流体通过多孔材料的流动[M].陈钟祥,吴望一,译.北京:石油工业出版社,1984.Corinth R E.Flow of Fluids Through PorousMaterials[M].Translated by Chen Zhongxiang,WuWangyi.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1984.
[13]姚海林.关于基质吸力及几个相关问题的一些思考[J].岩土力学,2005,26(1):67-70.Yao Hailin.Some Considerations About the Conceptof Matric Suction and Questions Related to MatricSuction[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(1):67-70.
[14]弗雷德隆德D G,拉哈尔佐H.非饱和土力学[M].陈仲颐,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997.Fredlund D G,Rahardjo H.Soil Mechanics forUnsaturated Soils[M].Translated by Chen Zhongyi.Beijing:China Building Industry Press,1997.
[15]孙大松,刘鹏,夏小和,等.非饱和土的渗透系数[J].水利学报,2004(3):71-75.Sun Dasong,Liu Peng,Xia Xiaohe,et al.PermeabilityCoefficient of Unsaturated Soils[J].Journal ofHydraulic Engineering,2004(3):71-75.
[16]孔令荣,黄宏伟,Hicher P Y,等.上海淤泥质黏土微结构特性及固结过程中的结构变化研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(12):3287-3292.Kong Lingrong,Huang Hongwei,Hicher P Y,et al.The Microstructure Property on Shanghai MuckyClay and Its Structural Evolution During OneDimensional Consolidation Test[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2008,29(12):3287-3292.
[17]叶为民,唐益群,崔玉军.室内吸力量测与上海软土土水特征[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(3):347-349.Ye Weimin,Tang Yiqun,Cui Yujun.Measurement ofSoil Suction in Laboratory and Soil-WaterCharacteristics of Shanghai Sofe Soil[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(3):347-349.
[18]龚晓南.高等土力学[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,1996.Gong Xiaonan.Advanced Soil Mechanics[M].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press,1996.
[2]叶为民,王初生,王琼,等.非饱和黏性土中气体渗透特征[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(2):244-248.Ye Weimin,Wang Chusheng,Wang Qiong,et al.Laboratory Tests on the Characteristics of Air-Perme-Ation in Unsaturated Shanghai Soil[J].Journal ofEngineering Geology,2009,17(2):244-248.
[3]Nusier O K,Rousan L M.Soil Air Permeability andCarbon Dioxide Flux Measurements from the SoilSurface[J].Communications in Soil Science and PlantAnalysis,2008,39:1406-1415.
[4]刘辉,李仲奎,廖宜,等.压气新奥法隧道施工中的渗流分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(3):584-589.Liu Hui,Li Zhongkui,Liao Yi,et al.SeepageAnalysis in New Austria Tunneling Method withCompressed Air[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2006,25(3):584-589.
[5]Javadi A A,Snee C P M.Prediction of CompressedAir Leakage from Tunnels[J].Tunnelling andUnderground Space Technology,1996,11(2):189-195.
[6]林成功,吴德伦.土层透气性现场试验与分析[J].岩土力学,2003,24(4):579-582.Lin Chenggong,Wu Delun.The Local Test andAnalysis of Soil Permeability[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2003,24(4):579-582.
[7]刘加龙,姚春雷,孔建.立体排水网络在大型富水覆盖层滑坡治理中的应用[J].土工基础,2007,21(6):2006-2007.Liu Jialong,Yao Chunlei,Kong Jian.Application ofThree-Dimensional Drainage Network in Large-ScaleWater-Soaked Overburden Landslide Treatment[J].Soil Engineering and Foundation,2007,21(6):2006-2007.
[8]朱正武,王虎,张鹏.三维排水与深层土体位移监测技术在滑坡治理中的运用[J].西部探矿工程,2010(1):21-23.Zhu Zhengwu,Wang Hu,Zhang Peng.The ThreeDimensional Drainage and Deep DisplacementMonitoring Technique are Used in Landslide[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2010(1):21-23.
[9]胡启芳.采用水平排水孔治理滑坡的探讨[J].公路与汽运,2009(4):142-144.Hu Qifang.The Discussion of Using Horizontal DrainHole for Landslide[J].Highway and AutomotiveApplications,2009(4):142-144.
[10]展长虹,焦文玲,廉乐明,等.利用含水层建造地下储气库[J].天然气工程,2001,21(4):88-91.Zhan Changhong,Jiao Wenling,Lian Leming,et al.The Construction of Underground Gas Storage inAquifers[J].Natural Gas Industry,2001,21(4):88-91.
[11]周克明,李宁,张清秀,等.气水两相渗流及封闭气的形成机理实验研究[J].天然气工业,2002,22(增刊):122-125.Zhou Keming,Li Ning,Zhang Qingxiu,et al.Experimental Research on Gas-Water Two PhaseFlow and Confined Gas Formation Mechanism[J].Natural Gas Industry,2002,22(Sup.):122-125.
[12]科林斯R E.流体通过多孔材料的流动[M].陈钟祥,吴望一,译.北京:石油工业出版社,1984.Corinth R E.Flow of Fluids Through PorousMaterials[M].Translated by Chen Zhongxiang,WuWangyi.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1984.
[13]姚海林.关于基质吸力及几个相关问题的一些思考[J].岩土力学,2005,26(1):67-70.Yao Hailin.Some Considerations About the Conceptof Matric Suction and Questions Related to MatricSuction[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(1):67-70.
[14]弗雷德隆德D G,拉哈尔佐H.非饱和土力学[M].陈仲颐,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997.Fredlund D G,Rahardjo H.Soil Mechanics forUnsaturated Soils[M].Translated by Chen Zhongyi.Beijing:China Building Industry Press,1997.
[15]孙大松,刘鹏,夏小和,等.非饱和土的渗透系数[J].水利学报,2004(3):71-75.Sun Dasong,Liu Peng,Xia Xiaohe,et al.PermeabilityCoefficient of Unsaturated Soils[J].Journal ofHydraulic Engineering,2004(3):71-75.
[16]孔令荣,黄宏伟,Hicher P Y,等.上海淤泥质黏土微结构特性及固结过程中的结构变化研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(12):3287-3292.Kong Lingrong,Huang Hongwei,Hicher P Y,et al.The Microstructure Property on Shanghai MuckyClay and Its Structural Evolution During OneDimensional Consolidation Test[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2008,29(12):3287-3292.
[17]叶为民,唐益群,崔玉军.室内吸力量测与上海软土土水特征[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(3):347-349.Ye Weimin,Tang Yiqun,Cui Yujun.Measurement ofSoil Suction in Laboratory and Soil-WaterCharacteristics of Shanghai Sofe Soil[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(3):347-349.
[18]龚晓南.高等土力学[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,1996.Gong Xiaonan.Advanced Soil Mechanics[M].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press,1996.