中国中心城市内生动力和支撑力综合评价
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摘要
通过总结、分析内生发展的内涵及要求,从内生动力和内生支撑力两个角度,采用熵值法、因子分析定权法及综合指数评价法,对中国35个中心城市2015年的内生发展进行综合评价。结果表明:中国中心城市内生动力和内生支撑力均存在明显差异,运用自然断裂点法可分为高值、较高值、中值、较低值、低值五类。内生动力整体呈东高西低。东部地区空间分异程度最大,中、西部次之,东北地区最小。人力储备能力不足的主要为经济发展水平较高的国家中心城市,研发创新和内需消费能力不足的主要为欠发达的区域中心城市。内生支撑力整体呈南高北低。自然环境支撑力南高北低,多对干旱、半干旱地区和北方重化工业发达的中心城市支撑不足,社会环境支撑力东高西低,多对中西部欠发达地区的区域中心城市支撑不足。内生动力和内生支撑力在空间上具有一定匹配性,但整体上不完全一致。
Summarizing and analyzing the connotation and requirements of endogenous development, this paper comprehensively assesses the endogenous development of 35 central cities in China in 2015 from two aspects:endogenous impetus and endogenous support by entropy method, factor analysis rating method and comprehensive index evaluation method. The result shows that the endogenous impetus and endogenous support are obviously different in these cities and divided into five classes: high value, relatively high value, middle value, relatively low value and low value by the natural breaks method. Endogenous impetus is high in the east and low in the west; as to spatial variation degree, it is larger in the east than the middle and the west and it is the smallest in the northeast. The national central cities with high economic development level lack the manpower reserve capacity and the regional central cities with low economic development level lack the R&D innovation and inland consumption abilities. The endogenous support is higher in the south than the north, natural environmental support which is high in the south and low in the north is insufficient for central cities where are located in arid and semi-arid areas and with developed heavy chemical industry in the north; the social environment support is higher in the east than the west, which is insufficient for regional central cities in underdeveloped western regions of China. Endogenous impetus is consistent with endogenous support at some degree,,but not completely consistent in all central cities of China.
Summarizing and analyzing the connotation and requirements of endogenous development, this paper comprehensively assesses the endogenous development of 35 central cities in China in 2015 from two aspects:endogenous impetus and endogenous support by entropy method, factor analysis rating method and comprehensive index evaluation method. The result shows that the endogenous impetus and endogenous support are obviously different in these cities and divided into five classes: high value, relatively high value, middle value, relatively low value and low value by the natural breaks method. Endogenous impetus is high in the east and low in the west; as to spatial variation degree, it is larger in the east than the middle and the west and it is the smallest in the northeast. The national central cities with high economic development level lack the manpower reserve capacity and the regional central cities with low economic development level lack the R&D innovation and inland consumption abilities. The endogenous support is higher in the south than the north, natural environmental support which is high in the south and low in the north is insufficient for central cities where are located in arid and semi-arid areas and with developed heavy chemical industry in the north; the social environment support is higher in the east than the west, which is insufficient for regional central cities in underdeveloped western regions of China. Endogenous impetus is consistent with endogenous support at some degree,,but not completely consistent in all central cities of China.
引文
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[4] Kazuko Tsurumi,Tadashi Kawata. Endogenous Development Theory[M]. Tokyo:Tokyo University Press,1989.
[5] Garofoli G. Endogenous Development and Southern Europe[M]. Avebury:Aldershot,1992.
[6] Sergio B. Is There Room For Local Development in a Globalized World[J]. Cepal Review,2005,86:45-60.
[7] Ploeg J.D Var Der. The Reconstruction of Locality:Technology and Labor in Modern Agriculture[C]//Marsden T,Lowe P,Whatmore S. Labor and Locality:Uneven Development and the Rural Labor Process. London:David Fulton,1992:19-43.
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[9] Amin,A. The Difficult Transition from Informal Economy to Marshallian Industrial District[J]. Area,1994,26(1):13-24.
[10] Vender Ploeg J.D,LONG A. Born from Within:Practice and Perspectives of Endogenous Rural Development[M]. Assen:Van Gorcum,1994.
[11]守友,裕一.地域農業の再構成と内発的発展論[J]. Journal of Rural Economics,2000,72:60-70.
[12] Mark Shucksmith. Endogenous development,social capital and social inclusion:perspectives from LEADER,in the UK[J]. Sociologia Ruralis,2000,40(2):208-218.
[13] Marquardt D,Wegener S,M?llers J. Does the EU LEADER instrument support endogenous development and new modes of governance in Romania?:Experiences from elaborating an MCDA based regional development concept.[J]. International Journal of Rural Management,2010,6(2):193-241.
[14] John Friedman.规划全球城市:内生式发展模式[J].城市规划汇刊,2004(4):3-7,95.
[15] Theodoropoulou H,Mitoula R,Astara O,et al. Applied issues of agritourism cooperation and sustainable endogenous development[J]. American Journal of Applied Sciences,2008,5(11):1 588-1 594.
[16] León C.J,González M,Ara?a,J.E,et al. An evaluation of endogenous sustainable development planning for the rural-urban environment in Gran Canaria.[J]. European Planning Studies,2014,22(2):229-245.
[17] Zaman,Gheorghe,Georgescu,et al. Financing the endogenous development at regional and county levels. Particularities,trends and challenges[R]. Mpra Paper,2015.
[18] Park,SangWoo,Haejin L. A Study of the Regional Endogenous Development through Rural-Urban Circulation[J]. Journal of Regional Studies,2017,25(4):131-160.
[19] Sharifzadegan M.H,Malekpourasl B,Stough R. Regional Endogenous Development Based on Conceptualizing a Regional Productivity Model for Application in Iran[J]. Applied Spatial Analysis&Policy,2017,10(1):43-75.
[20]涂人猛.内源式乡村发展理论的渊源及发展[J].经济评论,1993(4):21-25.
[21]陆学艺.内发的村庄[M].北京:社会科学出版社. 2001.
[22]张环宙,黄超超,周永广.内生式发展模式研究综述[J].浙江大学学报:人文社会科学版,2007(2):61-68.
[23]李阿琳.河北农村内生型发展的区域格局研究[J].经济地理,2011,31(12):2 013-2 020.
[24]郭艳军,刘彦随,李裕瑞.农村内生式发展机理与实证分析——以北京市顺义区北郎中村为例[J].经济地理,2012,32(9):114-119,125.
[25]徐志文,王礼力,谢方.农村公共投资影响城乡收入差距研究——基于农村内生发展视角的实证分析[J].农村经济,2016(1):63-68.
[26]景云祥.注重内生发展打造区域优势[J].兰州学刊,2003(4):106-107,95.
[27]刘兴赛.主体自生、结构优化与市场深化——论东北振兴战略实施中的内生发展能力构建[J].东北大学学报:社会科学版,2009,11(2):128-134.
[28]向延平,林彰平.区域内生发展:基于地理学家的视角和解释[J].经济地理,2013,33(4):36-39,8.
[29]向延平.区域内生发展研究:一个理论框架[J].商业经济与管理,2013(6):86-91.
[30]赵东霞,李赖志.城市经济内生发展及其动力机制研究[J].当代经济管理,2016,38(4):68-73.
[31]马孝先.区域经济协调发展内生驱动因素与多重耦合机制分析[J].宏观经济研究,2017(5):118-124.
[32]庄晨燕,阿梅尔·余埃特.“价值共同体”与“内生发展”[J].中央民族大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2017,44(5):124-133.
[33]陈永杰.充分激发中国经济持续增长的内生动力——民营经济发展“十一五”回顾与“十二五”展望[J].经济理论与经济管理,2011(2):100-112.
[34]高煜.从产业抑制到内生发展——西部地区产业发展方式转变及其路径[J].甘肃社会科学,2015(6):166-170.
[35]马庆国.管理统计[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
(1)城市所在区域由其所属省份(自治区、直辖市)所在的区域决定,综合已有区域划分及分析需要,本文划分:东部地区包括北京、天津、石家庄、上海、南京、宁波、杭州、福州、厦门、青岛、济南、广州、深圳和海口;中部地区包括西安、太原、郑州、呼和浩特、合肥、南昌、武汉和长沙;西部地区包括南宁、重庆、成都、贵阳、昆明、拉萨、兰州、西宁、银川和乌鲁木齐;东北地区包括:沈阳、大连、长春和哈尔滨。
(1)南北方的划分以地理学中秦岭-淮河线为界
[2] Nerfin M. Another Development. Approaches and Strategies[M]. Uppsala:Dag Hammarskj?ld Foundation,1977.
[3]联合国教科文组织.内源发展战略[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,1988.
[4] Kazuko Tsurumi,Tadashi Kawata. Endogenous Development Theory[M]. Tokyo:Tokyo University Press,1989.
[5] Garofoli G. Endogenous Development and Southern Europe[M]. Avebury:Aldershot,1992.
[6] Sergio B. Is There Room For Local Development in a Globalized World[J]. Cepal Review,2005,86:45-60.
[7] Ploeg J.D Var Der. The Reconstruction of Locality:Technology and Labor in Modern Agriculture[C]//Marsden T,Lowe P,Whatmore S. Labor and Locality:Uneven Development and the Rural Labor Process. London:David Fulton,1992:19-43.
[8]宫本宪一.环境经济学[M].朴玉,译.北京:三联书店,2004:327-337.
[9] Amin,A. The Difficult Transition from Informal Economy to Marshallian Industrial District[J]. Area,1994,26(1):13-24.
[10] Vender Ploeg J.D,LONG A. Born from Within:Practice and Perspectives of Endogenous Rural Development[M]. Assen:Van Gorcum,1994.
[11]守友,裕一.地域農業の再構成と内発的発展論[J]. Journal of Rural Economics,2000,72:60-70.
[12] Mark Shucksmith. Endogenous development,social capital and social inclusion:perspectives from LEADER,in the UK[J]. Sociologia Ruralis,2000,40(2):208-218.
[13] Marquardt D,Wegener S,M?llers J. Does the EU LEADER instrument support endogenous development and new modes of governance in Romania?:Experiences from elaborating an MCDA based regional development concept.[J]. International Journal of Rural Management,2010,6(2):193-241.
[14] John Friedman.规划全球城市:内生式发展模式[J].城市规划汇刊,2004(4):3-7,95.
[15] Theodoropoulou H,Mitoula R,Astara O,et al. Applied issues of agritourism cooperation and sustainable endogenous development[J]. American Journal of Applied Sciences,2008,5(11):1 588-1 594.
[16] León C.J,González M,Ara?a,J.E,et al. An evaluation of endogenous sustainable development planning for the rural-urban environment in Gran Canaria.[J]. European Planning Studies,2014,22(2):229-245.
[17] Zaman,Gheorghe,Georgescu,et al. Financing the endogenous development at regional and county levels. Particularities,trends and challenges[R]. Mpra Paper,2015.
[18] Park,SangWoo,Haejin L. A Study of the Regional Endogenous Development through Rural-Urban Circulation[J]. Journal of Regional Studies,2017,25(4):131-160.
[19] Sharifzadegan M.H,Malekpourasl B,Stough R. Regional Endogenous Development Based on Conceptualizing a Regional Productivity Model for Application in Iran[J]. Applied Spatial Analysis&Policy,2017,10(1):43-75.
[20]涂人猛.内源式乡村发展理论的渊源及发展[J].经济评论,1993(4):21-25.
[21]陆学艺.内发的村庄[M].北京:社会科学出版社. 2001.
[22]张环宙,黄超超,周永广.内生式发展模式研究综述[J].浙江大学学报:人文社会科学版,2007(2):61-68.
[23]李阿琳.河北农村内生型发展的区域格局研究[J].经济地理,2011,31(12):2 013-2 020.
[24]郭艳军,刘彦随,李裕瑞.农村内生式发展机理与实证分析——以北京市顺义区北郎中村为例[J].经济地理,2012,32(9):114-119,125.
[25]徐志文,王礼力,谢方.农村公共投资影响城乡收入差距研究——基于农村内生发展视角的实证分析[J].农村经济,2016(1):63-68.
[26]景云祥.注重内生发展打造区域优势[J].兰州学刊,2003(4):106-107,95.
[27]刘兴赛.主体自生、结构优化与市场深化——论东北振兴战略实施中的内生发展能力构建[J].东北大学学报:社会科学版,2009,11(2):128-134.
[28]向延平,林彰平.区域内生发展:基于地理学家的视角和解释[J].经济地理,2013,33(4):36-39,8.
[29]向延平.区域内生发展研究:一个理论框架[J].商业经济与管理,2013(6):86-91.
[30]赵东霞,李赖志.城市经济内生发展及其动力机制研究[J].当代经济管理,2016,38(4):68-73.
[31]马孝先.区域经济协调发展内生驱动因素与多重耦合机制分析[J].宏观经济研究,2017(5):118-124.
[32]庄晨燕,阿梅尔·余埃特.“价值共同体”与“内生发展”[J].中央民族大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2017,44(5):124-133.
[33]陈永杰.充分激发中国经济持续增长的内生动力——民营经济发展“十一五”回顾与“十二五”展望[J].经济理论与经济管理,2011(2):100-112.
[34]高煜.从产业抑制到内生发展——西部地区产业发展方式转变及其路径[J].甘肃社会科学,2015(6):166-170.
[35]马庆国.管理统计[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
(1)城市所在区域由其所属省份(自治区、直辖市)所在的区域决定,综合已有区域划分及分析需要,本文划分:东部地区包括北京、天津、石家庄、上海、南京、宁波、杭州、福州、厦门、青岛、济南、广州、深圳和海口;中部地区包括西安、太原、郑州、呼和浩特、合肥、南昌、武汉和长沙;西部地区包括南宁、重庆、成都、贵阳、昆明、拉萨、兰州、西宁、银川和乌鲁木齐;东北地区包括:沈阳、大连、长春和哈尔滨。
(1)南北方的划分以地理学中秦岭-淮河线为界