摘要
汤显祖的《邯郸记》和莎士比亚的《麦克白》两部作品均从男性作家的视角塑造了超越时代的女性形象,彰显了崔氏和麦克白夫人两位女性的权欲与野心、胆识与谋略、能言善辩等"阳性气质",也比较了他们"阳性气质"的差异:崔氏独立坚毅、麦克白夫人残忍粗暴,同时又不忘展现其"阴柔气质",体现了两位剧作家的思想进步性。
Both Handanji by Tang Xianzu and Macbeth by Shakespeare show concerns for the fate of women. The two works demonstrate the living state of women along with their fate in the patriarchal society from the perspective of male writers,giving a shape of female images beyond the times. In common,two works both manifest women's " positive temperament" like lust and ambition,courage and counsel,glib and quick-tongued in argument; in contrast,Ms Cui is firm and persistent,while Mrs Macbeth is cruel and brutal. Meanwhile,the two works make efforts to display " femininity",which embodies the progressive ideas of two playwrights.
引文
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(1)Anne Kemble,“Lady Macbeth”,in Ann Thompson and Sasha Roberts. Ed.,Women reading Shakespeare. 1660-1900:An anthology of criticism, Manchester and New York:Manchester University Press,1997:119作者自译。原文:She has her end to gain by talking,and she talks till she does gain it。
(2)Joan Larsen Klein,“Lady Macbeth:Infirm of purpose”,in Carolyn Ruth Swift Lenz,ed.,The Woman’s Part——Feminist Criticism of Shakespeare,University of Illinois Press,1980:252.作者自译。原文:A passage where she alludes to‘plucking her nipple from the boneless gums of her infant’,though usually thought to prove a merciless and unwomanly nature,proves the direct opposite…show that she considered no tie so tender as that which connected her with her babe。
(3)Juliet Dusinberre,Shakespeare and the Nature of Women,New York:Palgrave Macmillan Press,2003:258.作者自译。原文:Lady Macbeth’s image of dashing the babe from her breast evokes her femininity even more potently for Shakespeare’s time。