深小孔加工方法综述
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摘要
深小孔在各个领域中有着广泛的应用。深小孔加工方法主要分为传统加工方法和非传统加工方法两大类。文中主要对钻削加工、电火花加工、电解加工、电解-电火花复合加工以及其他加工方法进行了详细的分析,并总结了各加工方法的优缺点。
Deep holes machining are widely used in various fields. The processing methods of deep holes are mainly divided into two categories: traditional processing and non-traditional machining methods. The drilling holes,electrical discharge machining(ECD),electrochemical machining, ECDM and other processing methods of non-traditional processing methods were analyzed in detail, and the advantages and disadvantages of each processing methods were summarized.
Deep holes machining are widely used in various fields. The processing methods of deep holes are mainly divided into two categories: traditional processing and non-traditional machining methods. The drilling holes,electrical discharge machining(ECD),electrochemical machining, ECDM and other processing methods of non-traditional processing methods were analyzed in detail, and the advantages and disadvantages of each processing methods were summarized.
引文
[1] 马名峻,王德新.一种利用电化学钝化极化现象的超深小孔电火花复合加工工艺[J].电加工与模具,2015(S1):54-58.MA M J,WANG D X.A New Electro-discharge Drilling Technique Based on Electrochemical Passivation Effect of Avoiding Side Discharge for Ultra Deep Micro Hole Machine-shaping[J].Electromachining & Mould,2015(S1):54-58.
[2] 映霜.微小孔加工方法综述[J].工具技术,1981(5):16-18.
[3] 张园,康仁科,刘津廷,等.超声振动辅助钻削技术综述[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(19):33-44.ZHANG Y,KANG R K,LIU J T,et al.Review of Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Drilling[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,53(19):33-44.
[4] 郑袖.深小孔加工的几种方法[J].机械工程师,2011(8):139.
[5] 史尧臣,李占国,于雪莲,等.超声轴向振动钻削断屑机理分析与试验研究[J].制造技术与机床,2017(10):107-110.SHI Y C,LI Z G,YU X L,et al.Analysis and Experimental Study on Chip Breaking Mechanism of Ultrasonic Axial Vibration Drilling[J].Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool,2017(10):107-110.
[6] 周友行,张建勋,唐稳庄.基于瞬态特征的钻削过程与监控信号映射模型[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(3):971-976.ZHOU Y X,ZHANG J X,TANG W Z.Mapping between Phases and Signals in Drilling Process Based on Transient Features of Signals[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(3):971-976.
[7] 吕卫阳,陈克兴.多尺度分析在微孔钻削状态监测中的应用[J].振动测试与诊断,2000,20(2):102-105.LV W Y,CHEN K X.Multiscale Analysis Applied to Condition Monitoring of Microbore Drilling[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis,2000,20(2):102-105.
[8] HARUN M H S,GHAZALI M F,YUSOFF A R.Analysis of Tri-axial Force and Vibration Sensors for Detection of Failure Criterion in Deep Twist Drilling Process[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,89(9/10/11/12):1-11.
[9] KOIKE R,KAKINUMA Y,AOYAMA T.Drill Fracture Detection by Integrating Disturbance Observer and Rotational Digital Filter[J].CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology,2014,7(3):177-184.
[10] 隈部淳一郎(日).精密加工-振动切削[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1985.
[11] 张德远,王立江,张明.超声波振动钻削微孔的横刃入钻特性[J].科学通报,1991(12):947-950.
[12] 王立江,邱少波.振动与毛刺的关联性[J].科学通报,1989(8):628-630.
[13] 武芃樾,王兴桥,尹青峰,等.钛合金电火花加工工艺试验研究[J].制造技术与机床,2017(5):144-147.WU P Y,WANG X Q,YIN Q F,et al.An Experimental Study on EDM Process for Titanium Alloy TC11[J].Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool,2017(5):144-147.
[14] 于志强,佟浩,李勇,等.电火花穿孔加工中管状电极振动幅值特性[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2016,42(11):2516-2523.YU Z Q,TONG H,LI Y,et al.Vibration Amplitude Characteristics of Tubular Electrode in EDM Drilling[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2016,42(11):2516-2523.
[15] 贾振元,周明,杨连文,等.电火花微小孔加工工艺参数的优化研究[J].机械工程学报,2003,39(2):106-112.JIA Z Y,ZHOU M,YANG L W,et al.Study on the Optimization for Electrical Discharge Machining Micro and Small Hole[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2003,39(2):106-112.
[16] 赵战峰,张林斌.超大深径比深小孔电火花加工工艺探索[J].现代机械,2012(6):1-4.ZHAO Z F,ZHANG L B,Electro Discharge Machining Process Approach for Deep Micro-hole of Extra Large Aspect Ratio[J].Modern Machinery,2012(6):1-4.
[17] LAUWERS B,OOSTERLING H.Development of an Operations Evaluation System for Sinking EDM[J].CIRP Annals-Manufactureing Technology,2010,59:223-226.
[18] 丁飞,徐正扬,王丰,等.冰层辅助对电火花-电解复合穿孔的影响[J].航空学报,2017,38(5):260-268.DING F,XU Z Y,WANG F,et al.Effects of Aided Ice Layer on Electrochemical Discharge Drilling[J].Acta Aeronautica ET Astronautica Sinica,2017,38(5):260-268.
[19] ZHANG Y,XU Z Y,ZHU D,et al.Drilling of Film Cooling Holes by a EDM/ECM in Situ Combined Process Using Internal and Side Flushing of Tubular Electrode[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,83(1/2/3/4):505-517.
[20] 张建华,张勤河,贾志新,等.复合加工[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2015.
[21] 曾永彬,张玉冬,房晓龙,等.盐溶液管电极电解加工钛合金深小孔[J].电加工与模具,2014(2):29-32.ZENG Y B,ZHANG Y D,FNAG X L,et al.Electrochemical Drilling of Deep Small Holes in Titanium Alloy Using Salt Solution[J].Electromachining & Mould,2014(2):29-32.
[22] 傅军英,张明岐.深细孔与超深孔电化学加工技术应用分析[J].电加工与模具,2012(S1):35-37.FU J Y,ZHANG M Q.The Analysis of Deep Pore and Super Deep Hole Electrochemical Machining Technology[J].Electromachining & Mould,2012(S1):35-37.
[23] KLOCKE F,KLINK A,VESELOVAC D,et al.Turbomachinery Component Manufacture by Application of Electrochemical[J].Electro-physical and Photonic Processes,CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology,2014,63(2):703-726.
[24] RAJURKAR K P,ZHU D.Improvement of Electrochemical Machining Accuracy by Using Orbital Electrode Movement[J].Annals of the CIRP,1999,48(1):139-142.
[25] ZHU D,WANG W,FANG X L,et al.Electrochemical Drilling of Multiple Holes with Electrolyte Extraction[J].Annals of the CIRP,2010,59:239-242.
[26] RAJURKAR K P,WEI B,KOZAK J.Modelling and Monitoring Inter Electrode Gap in Pulse Electrochemical Machining[J].Annals of the CIRP,1995,44:177-180.
[27] 李兆龙,韦东波,狄士春,等.管状电极电解小孔变压力场研究[J].电加工与模具,2011(5):30-32.LI Z L,WEI D B,DI S C,et al.Research on Electrochemical Machining Small Holes in Variable Pressure Field Using Tubular Electrode[J].Electromachining & Mould,2011(5):30-32.
[28] 张健翔.电极高速旋转电液射流加工技术研究[D].合肥:安徽理工大学,2017.
[29] 施文轩,张明歧,殷旻.电液束加工工艺的研究及其发展[J].航空制造技术,2001(6):25-27.SHI W X,ZHANG M Q,YIN M.R & D of Electro-Stream Machining Technology[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2001(6):25-27.
[30] 章文益.电液束加工法去除微小孔再铸层的装置及试验[D].大连:大连理工大学,2015.
[31] 贾继欣,曲宁松,房晓龙,等.毛细管电极电液束加工微小孔试验研究[J].电加工与模具,2011(2):129-132.JIA J X,QU N S,FANG X L,et al.Investigation on Electrostream Drilling of Micro-holes[J].Electromachining & Mould,2011(2):129-132.
[32] NASTU W,IKEDA T,KUNIEDA M.Generating Complicated Surface with Electrolyte Jet Machining[J].Precision Engimeering,2007,31:33-39.
[33] ZHANG Y,XU Z Y,ZHU D,et al.Tube Electrode High-speed Electrochemical Discharge Drilling Using Low-conductivity Salt Solution[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2015,92:10-18.
[34] ZHANG Y,XU Z Y,ZHU Y,et al.Effect of Tube-electrode Inner Structure on Machining Performance in Tube-electrode High-speed Electrochemical Discharge Drilling[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2015,231:38-49.
[35] 朱云,徐正扬,张彦,等.微小孔电火花电解复合加工工具电极穿透检测技术研究[C]//第16届全国特种加工学术会议论文集(上).厦门,2015.
[36] 黄绍服,张茜熙,张建翔,等.Ti60电解电火花双电源复合加工微小孔试验研究[J].制造技术与机床,2018(2):115-119.HUANG S F,ZHANG Q X,ZHANG J X,et al.Experimental Study of EDM-ECM Composite Processing Ti60 Micro-hole with Double Power Supply[J].Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool,2018(2):115-119.
[37] MASUZAWA T,KUO C L,FUJINO M.A Combined Electrical Machining Process for Micronozzle Fabrication[J].CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology,1994,43(1):189-192.
[38] NGUYEN M D,RAHMAN M,WONG Y S.Simultaneous Micro-EDM and Micro-ECM in Low-resistivity Deionized Water[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2012,54-65.
[39] NGUYEN M D,RAHMAN M,WONG Y S.Modeling of Radial Gap Formed by Material Dissolution in Simultaneous Micro-EDM and Micro-ECM Drilling Using Deionized Water[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2013,66:95-101.
[40] 夏博,姜澜,王素梅,等.飞秒激光微孔加工[J].中国激光,2013(2):6-17.XIA B,JIANG L,WANG S M,et al.Femtosecond Laser Drilling of Micro-Holes[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2013(2):6-17.
[41] 胡炎,季凌飞,李健,等.532 nm皮秒激光加工石英玻璃的研究[J].中国激光,2013(B12):90-95.HU Y,JI L F,LI J,et al.Investigation on 532 nm Picosecond Laser Processing of Quartz Glass[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2013(B12):90-95.
[2] 映霜.微小孔加工方法综述[J].工具技术,1981(5):16-18.
[3] 张园,康仁科,刘津廷,等.超声振动辅助钻削技术综述[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(19):33-44.ZHANG Y,KANG R K,LIU J T,et al.Review of Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Drilling[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,53(19):33-44.
[4] 郑袖.深小孔加工的几种方法[J].机械工程师,2011(8):139.
[5] 史尧臣,李占国,于雪莲,等.超声轴向振动钻削断屑机理分析与试验研究[J].制造技术与机床,2017(10):107-110.SHI Y C,LI Z G,YU X L,et al.Analysis and Experimental Study on Chip Breaking Mechanism of Ultrasonic Axial Vibration Drilling[J].Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool,2017(10):107-110.
[6] 周友行,张建勋,唐稳庄.基于瞬态特征的钻削过程与监控信号映射模型[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(3):971-976.ZHOU Y X,ZHANG J X,TANG W Z.Mapping between Phases and Signals in Drilling Process Based on Transient Features of Signals[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(3):971-976.
[7] 吕卫阳,陈克兴.多尺度分析在微孔钻削状态监测中的应用[J].振动测试与诊断,2000,20(2):102-105.LV W Y,CHEN K X.Multiscale Analysis Applied to Condition Monitoring of Microbore Drilling[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis,2000,20(2):102-105.
[8] HARUN M H S,GHAZALI M F,YUSOFF A R.Analysis of Tri-axial Force and Vibration Sensors for Detection of Failure Criterion in Deep Twist Drilling Process[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,89(9/10/11/12):1-11.
[9] KOIKE R,KAKINUMA Y,AOYAMA T.Drill Fracture Detection by Integrating Disturbance Observer and Rotational Digital Filter[J].CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology,2014,7(3):177-184.
[10] 隈部淳一郎(日).精密加工-振动切削[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1985.
[11] 张德远,王立江,张明.超声波振动钻削微孔的横刃入钻特性[J].科学通报,1991(12):947-950.
[12] 王立江,邱少波.振动与毛刺的关联性[J].科学通报,1989(8):628-630.
[13] 武芃樾,王兴桥,尹青峰,等.钛合金电火花加工工艺试验研究[J].制造技术与机床,2017(5):144-147.WU P Y,WANG X Q,YIN Q F,et al.An Experimental Study on EDM Process for Titanium Alloy TC11[J].Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool,2017(5):144-147.
[14] 于志强,佟浩,李勇,等.电火花穿孔加工中管状电极振动幅值特性[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2016,42(11):2516-2523.YU Z Q,TONG H,LI Y,et al.Vibration Amplitude Characteristics of Tubular Electrode in EDM Drilling[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2016,42(11):2516-2523.
[15] 贾振元,周明,杨连文,等.电火花微小孔加工工艺参数的优化研究[J].机械工程学报,2003,39(2):106-112.JIA Z Y,ZHOU M,YANG L W,et al.Study on the Optimization for Electrical Discharge Machining Micro and Small Hole[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2003,39(2):106-112.
[16] 赵战峰,张林斌.超大深径比深小孔电火花加工工艺探索[J].现代机械,2012(6):1-4.ZHAO Z F,ZHANG L B,Electro Discharge Machining Process Approach for Deep Micro-hole of Extra Large Aspect Ratio[J].Modern Machinery,2012(6):1-4.
[17] LAUWERS B,OOSTERLING H.Development of an Operations Evaluation System for Sinking EDM[J].CIRP Annals-Manufactureing Technology,2010,59:223-226.
[18] 丁飞,徐正扬,王丰,等.冰层辅助对电火花-电解复合穿孔的影响[J].航空学报,2017,38(5):260-268.DING F,XU Z Y,WANG F,et al.Effects of Aided Ice Layer on Electrochemical Discharge Drilling[J].Acta Aeronautica ET Astronautica Sinica,2017,38(5):260-268.
[19] ZHANG Y,XU Z Y,ZHU D,et al.Drilling of Film Cooling Holes by a EDM/ECM in Situ Combined Process Using Internal and Side Flushing of Tubular Electrode[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,83(1/2/3/4):505-517.
[20] 张建华,张勤河,贾志新,等.复合加工[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2015.
[21] 曾永彬,张玉冬,房晓龙,等.盐溶液管电极电解加工钛合金深小孔[J].电加工与模具,2014(2):29-32.ZENG Y B,ZHANG Y D,FNAG X L,et al.Electrochemical Drilling of Deep Small Holes in Titanium Alloy Using Salt Solution[J].Electromachining & Mould,2014(2):29-32.
[22] 傅军英,张明岐.深细孔与超深孔电化学加工技术应用分析[J].电加工与模具,2012(S1):35-37.FU J Y,ZHANG M Q.The Analysis of Deep Pore and Super Deep Hole Electrochemical Machining Technology[J].Electromachining & Mould,2012(S1):35-37.
[23] KLOCKE F,KLINK A,VESELOVAC D,et al.Turbomachinery Component Manufacture by Application of Electrochemical[J].Electro-physical and Photonic Processes,CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology,2014,63(2):703-726.
[24] RAJURKAR K P,ZHU D.Improvement of Electrochemical Machining Accuracy by Using Orbital Electrode Movement[J].Annals of the CIRP,1999,48(1):139-142.
[25] ZHU D,WANG W,FANG X L,et al.Electrochemical Drilling of Multiple Holes with Electrolyte Extraction[J].Annals of the CIRP,2010,59:239-242.
[26] RAJURKAR K P,WEI B,KOZAK J.Modelling and Monitoring Inter Electrode Gap in Pulse Electrochemical Machining[J].Annals of the CIRP,1995,44:177-180.
[27] 李兆龙,韦东波,狄士春,等.管状电极电解小孔变压力场研究[J].电加工与模具,2011(5):30-32.LI Z L,WEI D B,DI S C,et al.Research on Electrochemical Machining Small Holes in Variable Pressure Field Using Tubular Electrode[J].Electromachining & Mould,2011(5):30-32.
[28] 张健翔.电极高速旋转电液射流加工技术研究[D].合肥:安徽理工大学,2017.
[29] 施文轩,张明歧,殷旻.电液束加工工艺的研究及其发展[J].航空制造技术,2001(6):25-27.SHI W X,ZHANG M Q,YIN M.R & D of Electro-Stream Machining Technology[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2001(6):25-27.
[30] 章文益.电液束加工法去除微小孔再铸层的装置及试验[D].大连:大连理工大学,2015.
[31] 贾继欣,曲宁松,房晓龙,等.毛细管电极电液束加工微小孔试验研究[J].电加工与模具,2011(2):129-132.JIA J X,QU N S,FANG X L,et al.Investigation on Electrostream Drilling of Micro-holes[J].Electromachining & Mould,2011(2):129-132.
[32] NASTU W,IKEDA T,KUNIEDA M.Generating Complicated Surface with Electrolyte Jet Machining[J].Precision Engimeering,2007,31:33-39.
[33] ZHANG Y,XU Z Y,ZHU D,et al.Tube Electrode High-speed Electrochemical Discharge Drilling Using Low-conductivity Salt Solution[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2015,92:10-18.
[34] ZHANG Y,XU Z Y,ZHU Y,et al.Effect of Tube-electrode Inner Structure on Machining Performance in Tube-electrode High-speed Electrochemical Discharge Drilling[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2015,231:38-49.
[35] 朱云,徐正扬,张彦,等.微小孔电火花电解复合加工工具电极穿透检测技术研究[C]//第16届全国特种加工学术会议论文集(上).厦门,2015.
[36] 黄绍服,张茜熙,张建翔,等.Ti60电解电火花双电源复合加工微小孔试验研究[J].制造技术与机床,2018(2):115-119.HUANG S F,ZHANG Q X,ZHANG J X,et al.Experimental Study of EDM-ECM Composite Processing Ti60 Micro-hole with Double Power Supply[J].Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool,2018(2):115-119.
[37] MASUZAWA T,KUO C L,FUJINO M.A Combined Electrical Machining Process for Micronozzle Fabrication[J].CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology,1994,43(1):189-192.
[38] NGUYEN M D,RAHMAN M,WONG Y S.Simultaneous Micro-EDM and Micro-ECM in Low-resistivity Deionized Water[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2012,54-65.
[39] NGUYEN M D,RAHMAN M,WONG Y S.Modeling of Radial Gap Formed by Material Dissolution in Simultaneous Micro-EDM and Micro-ECM Drilling Using Deionized Water[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2013,66:95-101.
[40] 夏博,姜澜,王素梅,等.飞秒激光微孔加工[J].中国激光,2013(2):6-17.XIA B,JIANG L,WANG S M,et al.Femtosecond Laser Drilling of Micro-Holes[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2013(2):6-17.
[41] 胡炎,季凌飞,李健,等.532 nm皮秒激光加工石英玻璃的研究[J].中国激光,2013(B12):90-95.HU Y,JI L F,LI J,et al.Investigation on 532 nm Picosecond Laser Processing of Quartz Glass[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2013(B12):90-95.