2-乙基己基葡糖苷的合成及其性能测试
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摘要
以2-乙基己醇和无水葡萄糖为原料,三元酸为催化剂,采用一步法合成2-乙基己基葡糖苷。分别考察了催化剂用量、反应温度、醇糖摩尔比对制备2-乙基己基葡糖苷的影响。结果表明,三元酸催化剂与葡萄糖的质量比为0.054∶1、反应温度为95℃、醇糖摩尔比为5∶1的条件下,糖苷产率为156.42%。同时,对所得产品进行了表征及性能测试,证明了合成物质为2-乙基己基葡糖苷,且是一种高活性、低泡型表面活性剂。
2-Ethyl-1-hexyl glucoside is synthesized through one step method by using 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and anhydrous glucose as raw materials,and tribasic acid as a catalyst.The effects of catalyst dosage,reaction temperature and molar ratio of alcohol to sugar on the synthesis are investigated.The study results show that the optimum reaction conditions are as follows:the mass ratio of tribasic acid catalyst to glucose is 0.054 ∶1,the reaction temperature is 95℃and the ratio of alcohol to sugar is 5 ∶ 1.The glycoside yield can reach 156.42% under these conditions.The obtained product sample is characterized and its performance test confirms that the synthetic material is just 2-ethyl-1-hexyl glucoside,and it is a high activity,low foam type surfactant.
2-Ethyl-1-hexyl glucoside is synthesized through one step method by using 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and anhydrous glucose as raw materials,and tribasic acid as a catalyst.The effects of catalyst dosage,reaction temperature and molar ratio of alcohol to sugar on the synthesis are investigated.The study results show that the optimum reaction conditions are as follows:the mass ratio of tribasic acid catalyst to glucose is 0.054 ∶1,the reaction temperature is 95℃and the ratio of alcohol to sugar is 5 ∶ 1.The glycoside yield can reach 156.42% under these conditions.The obtained product sample is characterized and its performance test confirms that the synthetic material is just 2-ethyl-1-hexyl glucoside,and it is a high activity,low foam type surfactant.
引文
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[2]Gorius O,Bertho J N,Nuzillard J M.Determination and prediction of the average polymerization degree of alkyl polyglucosides[J].Analytica Chimica Acta,2001,440(2):231-237.
[3]Nagll A M,Ricardo P S,Ricardo,et al. Synthesis and characterization of glucoside non-ionic surfactants[J].Polymer Engineering and Science,1996,36(2):182-187.
[4]宋晓锐,陈妍,邓淑华,等.烷基葡糖苷合成工艺研究[J].现代化工,1995(11):32-33.
[5]苏琼,王彦斌.新一代表面活性剂——烷基糖苷[J].西北民族大学学报(自然科学版),2005,(4):28-33.
[6]沈琼霞,张威,马丽娜,等.烷基糖苷的性能及其在化妆品与清洁用品中的应用[J].日用化学品科学,2015,38(10):36-41.
[7]Amalric C,Boiteux J P,Michel N,et al.Composition based on alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols,and its uses:US,165287[P].2002-03-05.
[8]欧阳新平,邱学青,蓝仁华,等.十二烷基多苷的红外谱图研究[J].精细化工,2001,18(3):176-177.
[9]康鹏.烷基多苷的合成及性能研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2013.
[10]籍海燕.烷基糖苷APG的合成及其在纺织印染中的应用研究[D].上海:东华大学,2010.
[11]徐国梅,张媛媛,张卫卫.烷基糖苷与其他表面活性剂的复配性能研究[J].应用化工,2013,42(3):413-414.
[12]尚会建,段晓娜,李慧,等.烷基糖苷研究现状及展望[J].现代化工,2013,33(11):28-30,32.
[13]王军.烷基糖苷及衍生物[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2000:1-27.
[14]Gunther C,Harald F,Klaus H,et al.Characterization of alkyl polyglycosides by both reversed-phase and normal-phase modes of highperformance liquid chromatography[J]. Journal of Chromatography A,2002,943(2):241-250.
[15]Sarney D B,Vulfson E N.Application of enzymes to the synthesis of surfactants[J].Compt Rend,1995,13(5):164-172.
[16]汪帆,罗钫,字敏.天然表面活性剂烷基糖苷的化学合成[J].云南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,(5):56-58.
[17]Jeremy J Y,Balland S A,Naylor A M,et al.Effects of sildenafil,a type-5 c GMP Phosphodiesterase inhibitor,and papaverine on cyclic AMP levels in the rabbit corpus cavernosum in vitro[J].British Journal of Urology,1997,79:958-963.
[18]邓加林,尚小琴,刘汝锋,等.木薯淀粉基十二烷基糖苷的制备及其表面性能[J].化工进展,2014,33(7):1880-1883.
[19]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化委员会.GB/T 19464—2014,烷基糖苷[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015-06-01.
[20]吴颖.固体酸催化合成烷基糖苷的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2006.