生物炭和石灰对酸性稻田水稻产量、土壤性状和经济效益的影响
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摘要
通过两年的田间试验,探讨了两种酸化土壤改良剂(生物炭和石灰)对双季水稻产量、土壤性状和水稻经济效益的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,生物炭处理降低了2015年早、晚稻产量,但在2016年却增加了早、晚稻产量;在2015年和2016年试验中,石灰处理均增加了早、晚稻产量。除2015年早季,其他季别产量差异均达显著水平。试验结束后检测发现,生物炭处理显著增加了土壤pH值和有机质含量,石灰处理显著增加了土壤pH值和碱解氮含量。生物炭处理显著降低了2015年粮食产值和净收益,但显著增加2016年粮食产值和净收益;石灰处理显著增加了2年粮食产值和净收益。与生物炭处理相比,2016年石灰处理粮食产值和净收益分别提高2.9%和6.7%。因此,选用石灰作为稻田土壤酸化改良剂对提高南方双季稻区水稻产量、改良土壤酸化和增加农民收入效果更好。
The study examined the effects of two acid soil ameliorants(lime and biochar)on yield and economic benefit of double rice and soil properties. The results showed that the biochar treatment reduced the yield of early rice and late rice in 2015, the yield of late rice was significantly decreased. However, it significantly increased the yield of early rice and late rice in 2016. The lime treat-ment increased the yield of early rice in 2015, significantly increased the yield of late rice in 2015 and the yield of early rice and late rice in 2016. After two years of experiment, biochar significantly increased soil pH and organic matter content. Lime significantly in-creased soil p H and the concentration of alkaline hydrolysis-N. Biochar treatment significantly reduced the output value and net in-come in 2015 and significantly increased them in 2016. Lime significantly increased the output value and net income in both 2015 and 2016. Lime increased the output value and net income by 2.9% and 6.7% compared to the biochar treatment in 2016, respective-ly. Therefore, lime was better than biochar to increase yield and economic benefit of rice, and to ameliorate soil acidification in the double rice-copping system in southern China.
The study examined the effects of two acid soil ameliorants(lime and biochar)on yield and economic benefit of double rice and soil properties. The results showed that the biochar treatment reduced the yield of early rice and late rice in 2015, the yield of late rice was significantly decreased. However, it significantly increased the yield of early rice and late rice in 2016. The lime treat-ment increased the yield of early rice in 2015, significantly increased the yield of late rice in 2015 and the yield of early rice and late rice in 2016. After two years of experiment, biochar significantly increased soil pH and organic matter content. Lime significantly in-creased soil p H and the concentration of alkaline hydrolysis-N. Biochar treatment significantly reduced the output value and net in-come in 2015 and significantly increased them in 2016. Lime significantly increased the output value and net income in both 2015 and 2016. Lime increased the output value and net income by 2.9% and 6.7% compared to the biochar treatment in 2016, respective-ly. Therefore, lime was better than biochar to increase yield and economic benefit of rice, and to ameliorate soil acidification in the double rice-copping system in southern China.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国农业部种植业管理司.农作物数据库[DB/OL].http://202.127.42.157/moazzys/nongqing.aspx.
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[4]LI X,LIU N,YOU L,et al.Patterns of cereal yield growth across China from 1980 to 2010 and their implications for food production and food security[J].Plos One,2016,11(7):e0159061.
[5]CHEN A,XIE X,DORODNIKOV M,et al.Response of paddy soil organic carbon accumulation to changes in long-term yield-driven carbon inputs in subtropical China[J].Agric,Ecosyst Environ,2016,232:302-311.
[6]曾勇军,周庆红,石庆华,等.土壤酸化对双季早、晚稻产量的影响[J].作物学报,2014,40(5):899-907.
[7]任立民,刘鹏,谢忠雷,等.植物对铝毒害的抗逆性研究进展[J].土壤通报,2008,39(1):177-181.
[8]朱安繁,邵华,张龙华.江西省耕地土壤酸化现状与改良措施[J].江西农业学报,2014,26(4):43-45.
[9]俞映倞,杨林章,段婧婧,等.碳酸钙与生物炭对酸化菜地土壤持氮能力的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(9):3 851-3 859.
[10]陈温福,张伟明,孟军.农用生物炭研究进展与前景[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(16):3 324-3 333.
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[13]LAIRD D A,FLEMING P,DAVIS D D,et al.Impact of biochar amendments on the quality of a typical midwestern agricultural soil[J].Geoderma,2010,158(3):443-449.
[14]张斌,刘晓雨,郑金伟,等.施用生物质炭后稻田土壤性质、水稻产量和痕量温室气体排放的变化[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(23):4 844-4 853.
[15]张晗芝,黄云,谢祖杉,等.生物炭对玉米苗期生长、养分吸收及土壤化学性状的影响[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(11):2 713-2 717.
[16]TOPOLIANTZ S,PONGE J F,BALLOF S.Manioc peel and charcoal:a potential organic amendment for sustainable soil fertility in the tropics[J].Biol Fert Soils,2005,41(1):15-21.
[17]范龙,单双吕,邹应斌,等.生物炭施用对早稻产量形成的影响[J].中国稻米,2017,23(4):107-114.
[18]HOLLAND J E,BENNETT A E,NEWTON A C,et al.Liming impacts on soils,crops and biodiversity in the UK:a review[J].Sci Total Environ,2017,610-611:316.
[19]CAIRESS E F,GARBUIO F J,CHURKA S,et al.Effects of soil acidity amelioration by surface liming on no-till corn,soybean,and wheat root growth and yield[J].Eur J Agron,2008,28(1):57-64.
[20]AI C,LIANG G,SUN J,et al.The alleviation of acid soil stress in rice by inorganic or organic ameliorants is associated with changes in soil enzyme activity and microbial community composition[J].Biol Fert Soils,2015,51(4):465-477.
[21]RIGGS C E,HOBBIE S E.Mechanisms driving the soil organic matter decomposition response to nitrogen enrichment in grassland soils[J].Soil Biol Biochem,2016,99:54-65.
[22]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:农业出版社,2006.
[23]ZHANG A,CUI L,PAN G,et al.Effect of biochar amendment on yield and methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a rice paddy from Tai Lake plain,China[J].Agric Ecosyst&Environ,2010,139(4):469-475.
[24]XU Y,NIE L,BURESH R J,et al.Agronomic performance of lateseason rice under different tillage,straw,and nitrogen management[J].Field Crop Res,2010,115(1):79-84.
[25]中华人民共和国农业部国家粮食局.政务服务[EB/OL].http://www.chinagrain.gov.cn/.
[26]汪军,王德建,张刚.太湖地区稻麦轮作体系下秸秆还田配施氮肥对水稻产量及经济效益的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(2):265-270.
[27]范龙,单双吕,张恒栋,等.生物炭施用对早稻产量形成的影响[J].中国稻米,2017,23(4):107-110.
[28]ASAI H,SAMSON B K,STEPHAN H M,et al.Biochar amendment techniques for upland rice production in Northern Laos:1.Soil physical properties,leaf SPAD and grain yield[J].Field Crop Res,2009,111(1-2):81-84.
[29]JULIE M,JOHANNES L,MARCO R,et al.Fate of soil-applied black carbon:downward migration,leaching and soil respiration[J].Global Change Biol,2010,16(4):1 366-1 379.
[30]MAJOR J,RONDON M,LEHMANN J,et al.Maize yield and nutrition during 4 years after biochar application to a Colombian savanna oxisol[J].Plant Soil,2010,333:117-128.
[31]BRUUN E W,AMBUS P,EGSGAARD H,et al.Effects of slow and fast pyrolysis biochar on soil C and N turnover dynamics[J].Soil Biol Biochem,2012,46(1):73-79.
[32]SMITH J L,COLLINS H P,BAILEY V L.The effect of young biochar on soil respiration[J].Soil Biol Biochem,2010,42(12):2 345-2 347.
[33]刘遵奇,孟军,陈温福.玉米秸秆生物炭对尿素分解的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(6):1 142-1 148.
[34]PAN F,LI Y,CHAPMAN S J,et al.Effect of rice straw application on microbial community and activity in paddy soil under different water status[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2016,23(6):5 941-5 948.
[35]李明,李忠佩,吴萌,等.不同秸秆生物炭对红壤性水稻土养分及微生物群落结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(7):1 361-1 369.
[36]孙开照.水稻分蘖高峰期施石灰对酸性水稻土中籼稻产量的影响初探[J].中国稻米,2013,19(1):67-68.
[37]CAIRES E F,HALISKI A,BINI A R,et al.Surface liming and nitrogen fertilization for crop grain production under no-till management in Brazil[J].Eur J Agron,2015,66:41-53.
[38]CRUSCIOL C A C,ARTIGIANI A C C A,ARF O,et al.Soil fertility,plant nutrition,and grain yield of upland rice affected by surface application of lime,silicate,and phosphogypsum in a tropical no-till system[J].Catena,2016,137:87-99.
[39]AYE N S,SALE P W G,TANG C.The impact of long-term liming on soil organic carbon and aggregate stability in low-input acid soils[J].Biol Fert Soils,2016,52(5):697-709.
[40]ZHANG K,CHEN L,LI Y,et al.The effects of combinations of biochar,lime,and organic fertilizer on nitrification and nitrifiers[J].Biol Fert Soils,2017,53(1):77-87.
[41]GROVER S P,BUTTERLY C R,WANG X,et al.The short-term effects of liming on organic carbon mineralisation in two acidic soils as affected by different rates and application depths of lime[J].Biol Fert Soils,2017,53(4):431-443.
[42]GOULDING K W T.Soil acidification and the importance of liming agricultural soils with particular reference to the United Kingdom[J].Soil Use Manage,2016,32(3):390-399.
[2]LIU S L,PU C,REN Y X,et al.Yield variation of double-rice in response to climate change in Southern China[J].Eur J Agron,2016,81:161-168.
[3]RAY D K,RAMANKUTTY N,MUELLER N D,et al.Recent patterns of crop yield growth and stagnation[J].Nat Communi,2012,3(1293):1 293.
[4]LI X,LIU N,YOU L,et al.Patterns of cereal yield growth across China from 1980 to 2010 and their implications for food production and food security[J].Plos One,2016,11(7):e0159061.
[5]CHEN A,XIE X,DORODNIKOV M,et al.Response of paddy soil organic carbon accumulation to changes in long-term yield-driven carbon inputs in subtropical China[J].Agric,Ecosyst Environ,2016,232:302-311.
[6]曾勇军,周庆红,石庆华,等.土壤酸化对双季早、晚稻产量的影响[J].作物学报,2014,40(5):899-907.
[7]任立民,刘鹏,谢忠雷,等.植物对铝毒害的抗逆性研究进展[J].土壤通报,2008,39(1):177-181.
[8]朱安繁,邵华,张龙华.江西省耕地土壤酸化现状与改良措施[J].江西农业学报,2014,26(4):43-45.
[9]俞映倞,杨林章,段婧婧,等.碳酸钙与生物炭对酸化菜地土壤持氮能力的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(9):3 851-3 859.
[10]陈温福,张伟明,孟军.农用生物炭研究进展与前景[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(16):3 324-3 333.
[11]LIU X,ZHANG A,JI C,et al.Biochar’s effect on crop productivity and the dependence on experimental conditions-a meta-analysis of literature data[J].Plant Soil,2013,373(1-2):583-594.
[12]ZWIETEN L V,KIMBER S,MORRIS S,et al.Effects of biochar from slow pyrolysis of papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility[J].Plant Soil,2010,327(1-2):235-246.
[13]LAIRD D A,FLEMING P,DAVIS D D,et al.Impact of biochar amendments on the quality of a typical midwestern agricultural soil[J].Geoderma,2010,158(3):443-449.
[14]张斌,刘晓雨,郑金伟,等.施用生物质炭后稻田土壤性质、水稻产量和痕量温室气体排放的变化[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(23):4 844-4 853.
[15]张晗芝,黄云,谢祖杉,等.生物炭对玉米苗期生长、养分吸收及土壤化学性状的影响[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(11):2 713-2 717.
[16]TOPOLIANTZ S,PONGE J F,BALLOF S.Manioc peel and charcoal:a potential organic amendment for sustainable soil fertility in the tropics[J].Biol Fert Soils,2005,41(1):15-21.
[17]范龙,单双吕,邹应斌,等.生物炭施用对早稻产量形成的影响[J].中国稻米,2017,23(4):107-114.
[18]HOLLAND J E,BENNETT A E,NEWTON A C,et al.Liming impacts on soils,crops and biodiversity in the UK:a review[J].Sci Total Environ,2017,610-611:316.
[19]CAIRESS E F,GARBUIO F J,CHURKA S,et al.Effects of soil acidity amelioration by surface liming on no-till corn,soybean,and wheat root growth and yield[J].Eur J Agron,2008,28(1):57-64.
[20]AI C,LIANG G,SUN J,et al.The alleviation of acid soil stress in rice by inorganic or organic ameliorants is associated with changes in soil enzyme activity and microbial community composition[J].Biol Fert Soils,2015,51(4):465-477.
[21]RIGGS C E,HOBBIE S E.Mechanisms driving the soil organic matter decomposition response to nitrogen enrichment in grassland soils[J].Soil Biol Biochem,2016,99:54-65.
[22]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:农业出版社,2006.
[23]ZHANG A,CUI L,PAN G,et al.Effect of biochar amendment on yield and methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a rice paddy from Tai Lake plain,China[J].Agric Ecosyst&Environ,2010,139(4):469-475.
[24]XU Y,NIE L,BURESH R J,et al.Agronomic performance of lateseason rice under different tillage,straw,and nitrogen management[J].Field Crop Res,2010,115(1):79-84.
[25]中华人民共和国农业部国家粮食局.政务服务[EB/OL].http://www.chinagrain.gov.cn/.
[26]汪军,王德建,张刚.太湖地区稻麦轮作体系下秸秆还田配施氮肥对水稻产量及经济效益的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(2):265-270.
[27]范龙,单双吕,张恒栋,等.生物炭施用对早稻产量形成的影响[J].中国稻米,2017,23(4):107-110.
[28]ASAI H,SAMSON B K,STEPHAN H M,et al.Biochar amendment techniques for upland rice production in Northern Laos:1.Soil physical properties,leaf SPAD and grain yield[J].Field Crop Res,2009,111(1-2):81-84.
[29]JULIE M,JOHANNES L,MARCO R,et al.Fate of soil-applied black carbon:downward migration,leaching and soil respiration[J].Global Change Biol,2010,16(4):1 366-1 379.
[30]MAJOR J,RONDON M,LEHMANN J,et al.Maize yield and nutrition during 4 years after biochar application to a Colombian savanna oxisol[J].Plant Soil,2010,333:117-128.
[31]BRUUN E W,AMBUS P,EGSGAARD H,et al.Effects of slow and fast pyrolysis biochar on soil C and N turnover dynamics[J].Soil Biol Biochem,2012,46(1):73-79.
[32]SMITH J L,COLLINS H P,BAILEY V L.The effect of young biochar on soil respiration[J].Soil Biol Biochem,2010,42(12):2 345-2 347.
[33]刘遵奇,孟军,陈温福.玉米秸秆生物炭对尿素分解的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(6):1 142-1 148.
[34]PAN F,LI Y,CHAPMAN S J,et al.Effect of rice straw application on microbial community and activity in paddy soil under different water status[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2016,23(6):5 941-5 948.
[35]李明,李忠佩,吴萌,等.不同秸秆生物炭对红壤性水稻土养分及微生物群落结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(7):1 361-1 369.
[36]孙开照.水稻分蘖高峰期施石灰对酸性水稻土中籼稻产量的影响初探[J].中国稻米,2013,19(1):67-68.
[37]CAIRES E F,HALISKI A,BINI A R,et al.Surface liming and nitrogen fertilization for crop grain production under no-till management in Brazil[J].Eur J Agron,2015,66:41-53.
[38]CRUSCIOL C A C,ARTIGIANI A C C A,ARF O,et al.Soil fertility,plant nutrition,and grain yield of upland rice affected by surface application of lime,silicate,and phosphogypsum in a tropical no-till system[J].Catena,2016,137:87-99.
[39]AYE N S,SALE P W G,TANG C.The impact of long-term liming on soil organic carbon and aggregate stability in low-input acid soils[J].Biol Fert Soils,2016,52(5):697-709.
[40]ZHANG K,CHEN L,LI Y,et al.The effects of combinations of biochar,lime,and organic fertilizer on nitrification and nitrifiers[J].Biol Fert Soils,2017,53(1):77-87.
[41]GROVER S P,BUTTERLY C R,WANG X,et al.The short-term effects of liming on organic carbon mineralisation in two acidic soils as affected by different rates and application depths of lime[J].Biol Fert Soils,2017,53(4):431-443.
[42]GOULDING K W T.Soil acidification and the importance of liming agricultural soils with particular reference to the United Kingdom[J].Soil Use Manage,2016,32(3):390-399.