上海市长宁区不同级别幼儿园中儿童行为问题的差异性分析
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摘要
目的了解上海市长宁区学龄前儿童行为问题发生现状,探讨儿童行为问题的干预方法。方法整群随机抽取长宁区6所幼儿园,采用conners父母症状问卷对儿童家长进行一对一的问卷调查。结果共筛查出行为问题阳性儿童315名,占儿童总数的22.71%,其中不同性别儿童的学习问题(χ~2=4.658,P<0.05)、多动指数(χ~2=10.719,P<0.05)阳性率差异有统计学意义;不同等级幼儿园儿童的品行问题(χ~2=13.273,P<0.05)、学习问题(χ~2=11.271,P<0.05)、多动指数(χ~2=16.103,P<0.05)阳性率差异有统计学意义,心身障碍、焦虑及不同年龄儿童(3、4、5、6岁)的行为问题阳性率差异无统计学意义。结论学龄前儿童行为问题不会随着年龄的增长而发生改变,应从幼小班就重视儿童行为的塑造和培养;不同等级幼儿园的幼儿行为问题有差异,男孩和女孩行为发展也有差异,应引起广泛关注,开展医教结合研究,促进儿童行为同质化健康发展。
Objective To ascertain the current situation of preschool children behavior problems in Changning District of Shanghai and discuss the intervention measures for them. Methods Children in 6kindergartens of Changning District were cluster random sampled as objects. And their parents were interviewed by means of conners questionnaire( parent edition). Results There were 315 behavior problem positive children found in detection,who were 22. 71% of all objects. Of them,the study problem( χ~2=4. 658,P < 0. 05) and hyperactive index( χ~2= 16. 103,P < 0. 05) were significantly different between different genders. The conduct problem( χ~2= 13. 273,P < 0. 05),study problem( χ~2= 11. 271,P <0. 05) and hyperactive index( χ~2= 16. 103,P < 0. 05) were significantly different at different kindergarten levels. And there were no statistical differences found in psycosomatic disorder,anxiety and in children at different ages( 3,4,5,6 years). Conclusion Preschool child behavior problems do not change with ages. We should pay attention to the shaping and training of child behavior. On account of the differences of child behavior problems existing at different level kindergartens and between genders,we should carry out researches on combining medical service with teaching,and promote homogeneous and healthy development of child behavior.
Objective To ascertain the current situation of preschool children behavior problems in Changning District of Shanghai and discuss the intervention measures for them. Methods Children in 6kindergartens of Changning District were cluster random sampled as objects. And their parents were interviewed by means of conners questionnaire( parent edition). Results There were 315 behavior problem positive children found in detection,who were 22. 71% of all objects. Of them,the study problem( χ~2=4. 658,P < 0. 05) and hyperactive index( χ~2= 16. 103,P < 0. 05) were significantly different between different genders. The conduct problem( χ~2= 13. 273,P < 0. 05),study problem( χ~2= 11. 271,P <0. 05) and hyperactive index( χ~2= 16. 103,P < 0. 05) were significantly different at different kindergarten levels. And there were no statistical differences found in psycosomatic disorder,anxiety and in children at different ages( 3,4,5,6 years). Conclusion Preschool child behavior problems do not change with ages. We should pay attention to the shaping and training of child behavior. On account of the differences of child behavior problems existing at different level kindergartens and between genders,we should carry out researches on combining medical service with teaching,and promote homogeneous and healthy development of child behavior.
引文
[1]范娟,杜亚松,王立伟.Conners父母用症状问卷的中国城市常模和信度研究[J].上海精神医学,2005,17(6):321-323.
[2]汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生评定量表手册[M].北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:52-55.
[3]郭茹,毛定安,李介民,等.不同性别学龄前儿童行为问题影响因素的调查[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2012,20(4):364-366.
[4]王丽珍,周勤,管玉蓉,等.学龄前儿童行为问题及影响因素分析[J].中国妇幼健康研究,2011,22(2):139-141.
[5]赵永鑫,徐淑云,何长华,等.大连市学龄前儿童行为问题调查[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2016,24(9):964-967.
[6]顾东英,买合皮热提·买买提,王红梅,等.兰州市学龄前儿童心理行为问题现状调查[J].中国妇幼保健,2016,31(7):1516-1519.
[2]汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生评定量表手册[M].北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:52-55.
[3]郭茹,毛定安,李介民,等.不同性别学龄前儿童行为问题影响因素的调查[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2012,20(4):364-366.
[4]王丽珍,周勤,管玉蓉,等.学龄前儿童行为问题及影响因素分析[J].中国妇幼健康研究,2011,22(2):139-141.
[5]赵永鑫,徐淑云,何长华,等.大连市学龄前儿童行为问题调查[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2016,24(9):964-967.
[6]顾东英,买合皮热提·买买提,王红梅,等.兰州市学龄前儿童心理行为问题现状调查[J].中国妇幼保健,2016,31(7):1516-1519.